Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junsuk Ko, Maria Noviani, Vasuki Ranjani Chellamuthu, Salvatore Albani, Andrea Hsiu Ling Low
Summary: Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease with unclear pathophysiology, but vascular abnormalities play a significant role in its development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Claire F. Beesley, Nina R. Goldman, Taher E. Taher, Christopher P. Denton, David J. Abraham, Rizgar A. Mageed, Voon H. Ong
Summary: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an immune-mediated rheumatic disease characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition. B cells play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis and development of SSc, as they infiltrate lesional sites and produce profibrotic cytokines. B cell counts are increased in SSc patients and show differences in various B cell compartments. B cell signaling is impaired in SSc patients, and B cell depletion therapy has shown therapeutic benefits.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Sylwia D. Tyrkalska, Annamaria Pedoto, Alicia Martinez-Lopez, Jose A. Ros-Lucas, Pablo Mesa-del-Castillo, Sergio Candel, Victoriano Mulero
Summary: This study reports that injection of silica crystals into zebrafish embryos leads to local and systemic immune responses, as well as induction of fibrotic markers. The Nlrp3 inflammasome is found to regulate inflammation and cell death caused by silica crystals, while emergency myelopoiesis is not affected. Additionally, recruitment of myeloid cells is required for promotion of systemic inflammation.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Lanxuan Wei, David Abraham, Voon Ong
Summary: IL-17 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in host defense. It activates transcription and stabilizes mRNAs through multiple pathways, mainly acting on stromal cells to promote the secretion of other immunomodulatory factors and support the growth and differentiation of immune cells. IL-17 has a dual role in immune reactions and inflammatory diseases, and it also plays a significant role in autoimmune diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luana Tripodi, Chiara Villa, Davide Molinaro, Yvan Torrente, Andrea Farini
Summary: The interaction between the immune system and skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in inflammatory muscle diseases and dystrophic conditions, affecting muscle regeneration and pathogenesis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Steven O'Reilly
Summary: IL-36α levels are elevated in systemic sclerosis serum and, although it is not directly pro-fibrotic, it may potentiate fibrosis through keratinocyte-immune fibroblast cross-talk.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Theodoros-Ioannis Papadimitriou, Arjan van Caam, Peter M. van der Kraan, Rogier M. Thurlings
Summary: This review examines the relationship between inflammation and fibrosis in systemic sclerosis, as well as the efficacy of current and novel treatment options in reducing fibrosis.
Review
Immunology
Ruth Stephens, John R. Grainger, Craig J. Smith, Stuart M. Allan
Summary: Acute ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke are significant contributors to disability and morbidity worldwide, and the myeloid arm of the immune system plays a critical role in the response to these strokes. This review summarizes the key alterations to myeloid immunity in acute ischaemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage, and subarachnoid haemorrhage, and evaluates their associations with real-world outcomes such as infection.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bingying Dai, Liqing Ding, Lijuan Zhao, Honglin Zhu, Hui Luo
Summary: This review summarizes the current knowledge on immune cells and stromal cells in SSc patients and discusses their potential roles in the pathogenesis of SSc, with a focus on recent advances in new subtypes by scRNA-seq.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Thomas Steadman, Steven O'Reilly
Summary: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune connective tissue disease characterized by elevated inflammation, aberrant cytokine expression, and subsequent fibrosis. This study aimed to quantify the serum levels of interleukin-11 (IL-11) in early diffuse SSc patients and investigate its relationship with the alarmin IL-33 in dermal fibroblasts. The results showed that patients with early diffuse SSc had elevated levels of IL-11, particularly in those with interstitial lung disease (ILD). In vitro experiments indicated that IL-11 induced the release of IL-33 in fibroblasts, suggesting its involvement in the inflammatory response and fibrosis.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Reza Akbarzadeh, Antje Mueller, Jens Y. Humrich, Gabriela Riemekasten
Summary: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease with complex features such as autoimmunity, vasculopathy, and fibrosis. Antibodies targeting G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been found to play a role in SSc pathologies. Understanding the effects of GPCR antibodies in SSc could contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies targeting these receptors.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yehya Al-Adwi, Isabella Maria Atzeni, Berber Doornbos-van der Meer, Marcel John van der Leij, Rita Delphine Maiko Varkevisser, Alja Stel, Wim Timens, Christiaan Tji Gan, Harry van Goor, Johanna Westra, Douwe Johannes Mulder
Summary: This study assessed the use of CXCL10 as a predictive biomarker for new onset of SSc-ILD. The findings showed that serum CXCL10 levels were higher in SSc-ILD patients compared to SSc patients without ILD. Survival analysis indicated that baseline CXCL10 levels >78.5 pg/ml had a 2.74-fold increased risk of developing new onset of ILD.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Joanna Nowaczyk, Leszek Blicharz, Michal Zawistowski, Mariusz Sikora, Michal Zaremba, Joanna Czuwara, Lidia Rudnicka
Summary: This study aimed to assess the concentration of salusins in sera of patients with SSc and healthy controls, and evaluate correlations between salusin levels and clinical parameters. The results showed that salusin-alpha levels were significantly elevated in SSc patients receiving vasodilators and immunosuppressants. This finding may be associated with the initiation of atheroprotective processes in SSc patients.
Review
Rheumatology
Ioannis Sagonas, Dimitrios Daoussis
Summary: Serotonin plays a crucial role in fibrosis and vasculopathy in systemic sclerosis, suggesting the need for further exploration of its potential role in the disease.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Margherita Sisto, Sabrina Lisi
Summary: Fibrosis, which can develop spontaneously or as a result of underlying diseases, is characterized by immune cells infiltration and the production of pro-inflammatory molecules. Defects in the abilities of non-immune cells to regulate immune responses may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. However, the precise cellular mechanisms involved in this process have not been fully elucidated.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Aleksandra Maria Dufour, Julia Borowczyk-Michalowska, Montserrat Alvarez, Marie-Elise Truchetet, Ali Modarressi, Nicolo Costantino Brembilla, Carlo Chizzolini
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Dermatology
Julia Borowczyk, Claudia Buerger, Neschaat Tadjrischi, Justyna Drukala, Michal Wolnicki, Dawid Wnuk, Ali Modarressi, Wolf-Henning Boehncke, Nicolo Costantino Brembilla
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberto Lande, Anna Mennella, Raffaella Palazzo, Immacolata Pietraforte, Katia Stefanantoni, Nicoletta Iannace, Alessia Butera, Monica Boirivant, Roberta Pica, Curdin Conrad, Carlo Chizzolini, Valeria Riccieri, Loredana Frasca
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Rheumatology
Barbara Russo, Julia Borowczyk, Wolf-Henning Boehncke, Marie-Elise Truchetet, Ali Modarressi, Nicolo C. Brembilla, Carlo Chizzolini
Summary: Objective evidence suggests that keratinocyte-fibroblast interactions are abnormal in systemic sclerosis (SSc). This study found that SSc epidermal equivalents (EEs) exhibited aberrant differentiation and enhanced expression of activation markers, replicating the abnormalities seen in SSc epidermis. The dysregulation of genes from the homeobox family and increased metabolic and oxidative stress in SSc EEs may contribute to chronic inflammation and dermal fibrosis.
ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Sarah Kiener, Camillo Ribi, Irene Keller, Carlo Chizzolini, Marten Trendelenburg, Uyen Huynh-Do, Johannes von Kempis, Tosso Leeb
Summary: Genetic variants affecting the C-terminal tail of the UNC93B1 gene do not seem to be a common risk factor for SLE, but may contribute to other heritable autoimmune diseases.
Article
Dermatology
R. Stalder, N. Brembilla, C. Conrad, N. Yawalkar, A. Navarini, Wh Boehncke, G. Kaya
Summary: Using specific biomarkers and cell markers to analyze different types of ND can help differentiate between them, aiding in the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases in clinical practice.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Barbara Russo, Julia Borowczyk, Pietro Cacialli, Philippe Moguelet, Marie-Elise Truchetet, Ali Modarressi, Nicolo C. Brembilla, Julien Bertrand, Wolf-Henning Boehncke, Carlo Chizzolini
Summary: IL-25 plays a role in regulating skin fibrosis, and its decreased expression in systemic sclerosis may contribute to the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix and progress of fibrosis.