4.6 Review

Thiomers of Chitosan and Cellulose: Effective Biosorbents for Detection, Removal and Recovery of Metal Ions from Aqueous Medium

Journal

CHEMICAL RECORD
Volume 21, Issue 7, Pages 1876-1896

Publisher

WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100068

Keywords

Cellulose; Chitosan; Thiol; Xanthate; Metal; Adsorption

Funding

  1. Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, Nanjing Forestry University
  2. National Nature Science Foundation of China [:31730106, 31770623]
  3. NSERC Canada

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The use of adsorbents like chitosan and cellulose for removing toxic metal ions from water is well-known. By incorporating thiols as metal chelating agents, the sorption behavior of these materials can be significantly improved. Various chemical modification strategies, such as mercaptans, xanthates and dithiocarbamates, are applicable for thiolation of chitosan and cellulose, leading to enhanced metal removal and detection capabilities.
Removal of toxic metal ions using adsorbents is a well-known strategy for water treatment. While chitosan and cellulose can adsorb weakly some types of metals, incorporating thiols as metal chelating agents can improve their sorption behaviors significantly. Presented in this review are the various chemical modification strategies applicable for thiolation of chitosan and cellulose in the forms of mercaptans, xanthates and dithiocarbamates. Moreover, much attention has been paid to the specific strategies for controlling the thiolation degree and characterization approaches for establishing the structure-property relationship. Also, the kinetics and isotherm models that elucidate the adsorption processes and mechanisms induced by the thiomers have been explained. These thiomers have found great potentials in the applications associated with metal removal, metal recovery and metal detection.

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