Article
Energy & Fuels
Adama Coulibaly, Mohamed K. Sako, Doudjo Soro, Sayon Sidibe, Richardson Yohan
Summary: This study investigates the valuation of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) mixed with diesel fuel as an energy source, and verifies its feasibility through combustion tests on a diesel engine. The results indicate that using purified CNSL as fuel up to 60% is possible, but improvement in purification techniques is still needed.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
V Thanigaivelan, M. Loganathan, M. Vikneswaran, S. Venkatramanan, M. Manickam
Summary: This experimental research examines the performance of a diesel engine fueled with a biodiesel blend and hydrogen gas at different flow rates. The results show that a flow rate of 8 lpm of hydrogen gas combined with a B20 blend achieves the highest brake thermal efficiency and reduces the fuel consumption rate. Blending ethanol with the B20 blend further improves the engine's thermal efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Hongwei Wu, Qing Li, Haolin Yu, Minmin Gu, Yudie Wang, Chensen Xu, Zhixin Liao
Summary: This work explores an eco-friendly approach to extracting cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) and refining cardanol from cashew nuts produced in Hainan, China. CNS, which is usually considered waste from agricultural processing, can be extracted into valuable CNSL using solvent extraction or supercritical CO2 extraction. The composition of extracted CNSL varies with different conditions, and less polar solvents extract more CNSL. Supercritical CO2 extraction also shows superior performance in CNSL extraction as an environmentally friendly method. CNSL from Hainan cashew nuts contains a high amount of anacardic acid. The extracted CNSL can be decarboxylated and separated to obtain a mixture of cardanol consisting of four olefins with different numbers of double bonds. Cardanol can be converted to saturated cardanol and high purity cardanol monoene through catalytic hydrogenation and catalytic transfer hydrogenation, respectively. Both saturated cardanol and cardanol monoene have promising prospects due to their chemical structure.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ermelinda Bloise, Maria Rosaria Lazzoi, Lucia Mergola, Roberta Del Sole, Giuseppe Mele
Summary: Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), a byproduct of the cashew industry, is an important natural source of phenolic compounds that can be used as an alternative to synthetic substances in various industrial applications. The unique functional groups of CNSL components allow for the design of interesting nanostructures with tunable properties for bioactive applications.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kelson de Sousa Leite, Antonio Alves de Carvalho, Paulo Ronaldo Sousa Teixeira, Jose Milton Elias de Matos
Summary: One challenge faced by the ceramics industry is to enhance the corrosion resistance of ceramic materials, requiring detailed investigation using various characterization methods and understanding of technological properties. A protective coating, such as cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), can improve the corrosion resistance of ceramic materials. This study explored the inhibitory action of CNSL on corrosion.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James Nyirenda, Kadango Zombe, George Kalaba, Chipo Siabbamba, Inyambo Mukela
Summary: This study demonstrates the extraction of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) from cashew nut shell waste and the use of residues for activated carbon generation to remove heavy metals and methylene blue. The results show the potential industrial applications and environmental significance of this process.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Ketan Makwana, Amol B. Ichake, Vinayak Valodkar, G. Padmanaban, Manohar V. Badiger, Prakash P. Wadgaonkar
Summary: This study investigates the effect of different amine/epoxy ratios on the cure characteristics of epoxy thermosets with the addition of diglycidyl ether of cardol (DGEC) in commercially available diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). The results show that DGEC addition can modify the thermal and mechanical properties.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Nayane Maria Amorim Lima, Thayllan Teixeira Bezerra, Mayara Oliveira Almeida, Naya Lucia de Castro Rodrigues, Caio Herbertt Costa Braga, Joao Isaac Silva Miranda, Viviane Gomes Pereira Ribeiro, Glendo de Freitas Guimaraes, Maria Jania Teixeira, Diego Lomonaco, Giuseppe Mele, Selma Elaine Mazzetto
Summary: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease predominately found in low-income countries with inadequate healthcare systems. Photodynamic therapy using metalloporphyrin derivatives, such as PdP, shows promise as a less toxic and effective alternative treatment for CL, with potential for use in patients intolerant to current chemotherapeutic drugs.
PHOTODIAGNOSIS AND PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sainey Keita, Wan Fatma Zuharah
Summary: This study investigated the insecticidal activity of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) against B. dorsalis. The results showed that CNSL had significant insecticidal activity against B. dorsalis, suggesting its potential for controlling this pest.
JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yassine Rahib, Toufik Boushaki, Brahim Sarh, Jamal Chaoufi
Summary: This paper presents an experimental study of argan nut shell combustion, analysing biomass composition, properties and microstructures and investigating combustion behavior, pollutants, fuel burn rate, and ash analysis. Results show that the smallest particle length induced higher fuel burn rate and better flame distribution. Improved combustion temperature, CO emissions and modified combustion efficiency were observed with higher air flow rates.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Deepak Kumar, Vijay Kumar Chhibber, Ajay Singh
Summary: This study investigates the effect of blending cashew nut shell liquid biodiesel with diesel on engine emissions parameters, and evaluates the performance of these parameters using machine learning techniques.
NATIONAL ACADEMY SCIENCE LETTERS-INDIA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Cigdem Sahin, Lilia Magomedova, Thais A. M. Ferreira, Jiabao Liu, Jens Tiefenbach, Priscilla S. Alves, Fellipe J. G. Queiroz, Andressa S. de Oliveira, Mousumi Bhattacharyya, Julie Grouleff, Patricia C. N. Nogueira, Edilberto R. Silveira, Daniel C. Moreira, Jose Roberto Souza de Almeida Leite, Guilherme D. Brand, David Uehling, Gennady Poda, Henry Krause, Carolyn L. Cummins, Luiz A. S. Romeiro
Summary: Metabolic diseases are increasing at alarming rates globally. This study explored the potential use of phenolic lipid derivatives from cashew nut shell liquid as drugs for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. The compounds showed PPAR activity and tissue-specific effects, making them promising candidates for further development.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Son A. Hoang, Khanh D. Pham, Nhung H. Nguyen, Ha T. Tran, Ngoc Hoang, Chi M. Phan
Summary: This study presents a sustainable alternative to traditional lubricating grease thickeners by synthesizing a thickener from abundant agricultural waste, cashew nut shell liquor. The process offers an economical and environmentally friendly solution to replace thickeners derived from castor oil.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alexandra Geczo, Dimitrios Andreas Giannakoudakis, Konstantinos Triantafyllidis, Mohammed Ragab Elshaer, Elena Rodriguez-Aguado, Svetlana Bashkova
Summary: Activated carbons prepared from cashew nut shells by chemical activation with phosphoric acid were tested for the removal of acetaminophen. It was found that an increase in carbonization temperature resulted in increased pore volume and decreased amount of surface functional groups. The involvement of surface functional groups in the removal of acetaminophen was indicated to occur either via hydrogen bonding or by acid hydrolysis, with the carbon obtained at 600 degrees C exhibiting the highest adsorption capacity.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Harshitha Anchan, Snehal Jadhav, Saikat Dutta
Summary: Activated carbon (AC) produced from waste cashew nut husk and shell using phosphoric acid as the activating agent exhibited high specific surface area and excellent adsorption capacity for methylene blue. The synthesis of AC from these waste materials is a promising approach for the cashew nut processing industry, providing value addition and improving economic prospects.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ayman M. Elbaz, Alfaisal M. Albalawi, Shixing Wang, William L. Roberts
Summary: Compared to hydrocarbons, ammonia's low reactivity and higher NOx emissions limit its practical application. This study investigates the flame stability, NO emissions, and flame structure of NH3/CH4/air premixed flames in a novel combustor comprising a double swirl burner. The results provide insights into the development of combustion systems using ammonia as a fuel.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Peng Liu, Junjun Guo, Hong G. Im, William L. Roberts
Summary: This study investigates the effect of CO2/CH4 ratio on soot production and reforming reactions in autothermal reforming of methane through experiments and numerical simulations. The results show that a higher CO2/CH4 ratio suppresses soot formation, but the suppression effect weakens with increasing pressure. Additionally, achieving a non-sooting flame at elevated pressure requires a higher CO2/CH4 ratio.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Guoqing Wang, Thibault F. Guiberti, Santiago Cardona, Cristian Avila Jimenez, William L. Roberts
Summary: This study investigates the effects of residence time on emissions from premixed ammonia-methane-air flames using a bespoke single-stage swirl burner. The results show that increasing residence time can enhance chemical reactions and reduce O2 concentration in the exhaust. Increasing the swirl number is more effective in reducing emissions of NO, NO2, and N2O compared to tripling the chamber's length. NO formation is restricted to the main reaction zone of the swirling flame, while increasing the chamber's length reduces the concentrations of NO2 and N2O. There is a positive correlation between NO and OH-LIF intensities, indicating the promotion of NO formation by OH through fuel-NOx pathways.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Syed Mashruk, Xuren Zhu, William L. Roberts, Thibault F. Guiberti, Agustin Valera-Medina
Summary: This study investigates the chemiluminescence characteristics of premixed ammonia-methane-air swirling flames. The effects of equivalence ratio, ammonia fraction in the fuel blend, and Reynolds number on the emitted light were examined. Excited radicals contributing to chemiluminescence in the UV and visible ranges were identified, and various ratios of chemiluminescence intensities were studied to remove the effects of time-varying flame surface area.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
L. Tian, W. R. Boyette, R. P. Lindstedt, T. F. Guiberti, W. L. Roberts
Summary: Accurate measurements and modeling of soot formation in turbulent flames at elevated pressures are crucial for the development of practical combustion devices. This study combined a mass and number density preserving sectional model with a transported joint-scalar probability density function (JDPF) method to simulate the fully coupled scalar space of soot, gas-phase species, and enthalpy. The model was extended to ethylene-nitrogen flames at pressures from 1 to 5 bar, considering pressure-induced density effects and soot surface growth and oxidation. Comparisons with experimental data showed good agreement, highlighting the importance of considering differential diffusion between soot and gas-phase particles.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Peng Liu, Bingjie Chen, Anthony Bennett, Heinz Pitsch, William L. Roberts
Summary: This study investigates the influence of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and soot formation during coal, nitrogen-rich biomass, and ammonia combustion. The experimental results show that the addition of HCN increases the formation of benzene but decreases the formation of PAH. This is attributed to the formation of N-containing PAH (NPAH) through HCN-PAH interaction, which competes with the pathways of C2H2 addition to PAH. The study also reveals that the cyclization for the growth of a new aromatic ring is challenging in the 1-naphthyl radical + HCN system due to a high energy barrier.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shixing Wang, Ayman M. Elbaz, Guoqing Wang, Zhihua Wang, William L. Roberts
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xuren Zhu, Shixing Wang, Ayman M. Elbaz, Mourad Younes, Aqil Jamal, Thibault F. Guiberti, William L. Roberts
Summary: This study investigates the flame stability and emission of swirl flames fueled with pre-vaporized formic acid-methane blends. The results show that swirl combustors can stabilize premixed formic acid-methane-air flames over a wide range of fuel fractions, Reynolds numbers, and swirl numbers. The addition of formic acid increases the equivalence ratios at which flashback and lean blowout occur, and the emissions of CO and NO are low, making formic acid a promising fuel.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Guoqing Wang, Hao Tang, Chaobo Yang, Gaetano Magnotti, William L. Roberts, Thibault F. Guiberti
Summary: Designing NO reduction strategies for ammonia flames requires computational fluid dynamics and accurate kinetic mechanisms, and there are currently no available experimental data that can be used to validate models describing chemistry-turbulence interactions in ammonia flames. This study introduces two non-premixed turbulent jet flames that mimic some features of the cracked ammonia combustion and measures the NO mole fraction quantitatively using a one-dimensional NO-LIF method combined with Raman spectroscopy.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Christopher Wagstaff, Sreenivasa Rao Gubba, Tadd Truscott, Khalid Algashgari, William L. Roberts
Summary: Arrays of vertical parallel wires ('wetted wires') can be an effective alternative to traditional industrial columns, but more research is needed to optimize their performance and compete against packed columns. This study investigates the maximum wire density for wetted-wire columns using the minimum pitch, and the results show that the pitch can be much smaller than previously recommended. An analytical model is used to compare the pressure drop characteristics of wetted-wire columns with existing packings, revealing that wetted-wire columns have significantly lower pressure drops. However, the packing factors used for packed columns do not adequately describe the fluid dynamics of wetted-wire columns.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Paolo Guida, Alberto Ceschin, Chiara Canciani, Hong G. Im, William L. Roberts
Summary: Thermally induced secondary atomization (TISA) is a complex phenomenon that accelerates phase change in the combustion chamber. Experimental activities for studying droplet TISA are challenging, so numerical models are used. A new multi-component, multi-phase computational fluid dynamics solver was developed to simulate droplets TISA. The atomization mechanism was tested under different pressures, revealing that high pressure slows down the process but leads to a higher surface area.
Article
Mechanics
Hao Wu, Zhenyu Zhang, Fujun Zhang, William L. Roberts
Summary: The study investigates the droplet size and velocity of a low-pressure intermittent air-assisted spray using phase Doppler anemometry. It analyzes the effects of liquid fuel injection duration on time-resolved spray microscopic characteristics and spray unsteadiness. An improved algorithm is proposed to quantify the unsteadiness of air-assisted sprays by eliminating the dependence on droplet sampling data. The results show that intermittent air-assisted spray is an inherently unsteady process influenced by fuel injection duration and spatial location, independent of droplet size.
Article
Thermodynamics
A. M. Elbaz, B. R. Giri, K. P. Shrestha, Omar Z. Arab, Aamir Farooq, Fabian Mauss, W. L. Roberts
Summary: Enhancement of ammonia reactivity is crucial for its potential applications. This study investigates the laminar flame propagation of ammonia blended with propene, aiming to understand the combustion behavior and interaction between NH3 and alkenes.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Biswajit Saha, Sundaramurthy Vedachalam, Atanu Kumar Paul, Ajay K. Dalai, Saumitra Saxena, William L. Roberts, Frederick L. Dryer
Summary: As petroleum recovery has increased the proportion of heavier crudes and refining process residues, the challenge of processing these crudes has risen. The presence of asphaltenes in heavy crudes leads to reduction in combustion efficiency, clogging of refinery pipes, and emissions of particulate matter. This study investigates the deasphalting of heavy fuel oil using different methods, and finds that microwave-assisted deasphalting is more efficient in removing asphaltenes. The optimization of process parameters further improved the quality of the fuel oil. The outcomes of this study are important for the petrochemical industry as they enable improved crude oil processing in a more effective and economical manner.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Elia Colleoni, Vasilios G. Samaras, Paolo Guida, Alessio Frassoldati, Tiziano Faravelli, William L. Roberts
Summary: Residual fuels, also known as 'bottom-of-the-barrel', are expected to play a crucial role in the transition towards renewable energy. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GCxGC) is used to characterize the volatile compounds released during the pyrolysis of these fuels. The study presents an algorithm for peak screening and post-processing, confirming its suitability for understanding the complex nature of the released mixtures. The methodology can be applied to other complex mixtures, such as bio-oils, plastics, and biomasses.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Cong Li, Jiali Wang, Chenhui Wang, Yanke Jin, Yina Yao, Rui Yang
Summary: This study investigates the impact of NaCl water droplets with various concentrations on a heated surface. The results show that the impact patterns can be categorized into different types, and models are established to predict the spreading behavior of droplets with different concentrations. Additionally, high concentration droplets exhibit more violent boiling and have lower residual energy and rebound time.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
C. Barrera, V. Castro, F. Escudero, J. J. Cruz, I. Verdugo, J. Yon, A. Fuentes
Summary: This study focuses on the characterization of soot maturity and sooting propensity of anisole fuel in a controlled laminar coflow diffusion flame. The results show that the spatial distribution of soot volume fraction is enhanced near the flame centerline, while soot production is promoted near the flame wings. The temperature increase also affects the maturity of soot particles.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Roman W. Morse, Jason Chan, Tiago A. Moreira, Jared J. Valois, Evan T. Hurlburt, Jean-Marie Le Corre, Arganthael Berson, Kristofer M. Dressler, Gregory F. Nellis
Summary: This study investigates the dryout of liquid film and the role of disturbance wave frequency. Experimental results indicate that the heat transfer coefficient associated with optimal boiling conditions is maximized when the surface is dry 5% of the time, independent of pulse amplitude and frequency. Liquid-film measurements, dryout statistics, and direct observation suggest that disturbance-wave frequency can be manipulated by density-wave oscillations in the flow field.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
E. J. Vega, J. M. Montanero
Summary: In this study, we experimentally investigated the bursting of a bubble covered with a surfactant. We found that the bubble bursting time is longer compared to a surfactant-free bubble due to interfacial elasticity. Furthermore, the Marangoni stress drives liquid flow that allows the jet to escape from the end-pinching mechanism within a certain surfactant concentration range.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Guofu Sun, Yi Zhan, Tomio Okawa, Mitsuhiro Aoyagi, Akihiro Uchibori, Yasushi Okano
Summary: Experiments were conducted on liquid jets ejected from oval nozzles to investigate the effects of nozzle orifice shape on jet behavior. The study found that the liquid jet exhibited different characteristics at different liquid flow rates. Correlations were established to predict the liquid jet state and characteristics of the secondary droplets produced during jet impact onto a solid surface. This research extended the available knowledge on liquid jet behavior.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jeonghoon Lee, Laurent Zimmer, Takeshi Saito, Shinji Nakaya, Mitsuhiro Tsue
Summary: This study investigates the effects of spatial resolution on DMD amplitudes and spatial mode strengths, and proposes scaling factors to correct for the resolution differences. The results show that the proposed scaling factors successfully normalize the amplitudes and spatial modes, allowing for quantitative comparison of data obtained with different spatial resolutions. This study is significant for analyzing spatiotemporal data in various fields.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yanli Zhao, Shibing Kuang, Xiaoliang Zhang, Mingjun Xu
Summary: This study experimentally investigates the dynamic process of water droplet impacting different wood surfaces and analyzes and discusses the impacting phenomena, phenomena distribution, droplet spreading dynamics, and maximum spread factor. The results show that the impacting process can be distinguished by Weber numbers and Reynolds numbers, and can be predicted by mathematical expressions.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Aakhash Sundaresan, Atul Srivastava, Callum Atkinson
Summary: This study presents the first-ever application of an advanced methodology, combining two-color laser-induced phosphorescence and particle image velocimetry, to investigate the heat transfer mechanisms on the surface of a cylinder placed inside a confined square duct. The technique allows for simultaneous measurement of velocity and temperature fields, reducing the complexity and costs associated with separately measuring temperature distributions. Experimental observations show that increasing the mass flow rate enhances heat removal from the cylinder surface, and increasing the cylinder heat input enhances heat transfer in the rear portion of the cylinder.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Harish K. Patel, Sukhjeet Arora, Rutuja Chavan, Bimlesh Kumar
Summary: This study experimentally analyzed the multiscale statistical assessment of scour depth surrounding spur dikes with downward seepage. The research found that seepage affects the morphological behavior and hydrodynamic characteristics of the channel bed, leading to changes in scour formation. The rate of scour depth changes initially increases with higher seepage velocity but eventually becomes constant over time.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Justas Sereika, Paulius Vilkinis, Gediminas Skarbalius, Algis Dziugys, Nerijus Pedisius
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the pulsatile flow structure based on a transitional-type cavity. It was found that the pulsation amplitude has a more significant effect on the dynamics of recirculation zone than the pulsation frequency. Pulsatile flow can reduce the size of the recirculation zone.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Merav Arogeti, Eran Sher, Tali Bar-Kohany
Summary: This study provides a detailed exploration of the events that occur when a droplet hits a dry solid surface of various small sizes, with a focus on the deposition, receding breakup, and prompt splash phases. By utilizing non-dimensional analysis and graphical representation, the boundaries between different events are defined, and criteria for differentiation based on target-to-drop ratio, Reynolds, and Webber numbers are presented.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Tianxiong Li, Fei Wen, Yingchun Wu, Botong Wen, Lei Wang, Jinxin Guo, Xuecheng Wu
Summary: This study investigates the structure of the flow field induced by a strut in a scramjet and its influence on flame stabilization. Experimental and numerical analyses reveal that the flow field exhibits features beneficial for flame stabilization, but the asymmetry of the flow poses a challenge to flame establishment.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Syed Ehtisham Gillani, Yasir M. Al-Abdeli
Summary: This study investigates the asymmetry in bluff-body stabilised annular jets and finds that swirl can significantly mitigate the asymmetry and restore the symmetry of the jets. Moreover, increasing the Reynolds number and the swirl intensity can both decrease the asymmetry of the jets.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Utsav Bhardwaj, Rabindra Kumar, Shyama Prasad Das
Summary: This study presents an experimental investigation on flooding phenomenon in a pulsating heat pipe (PHP) unit cell, and analyzes the impact of flooding on the performance of PHP. The study recognizes three different flooding mechanisms and finds that currently accepted correlations for predicting flooding velocity are inaccurate. The study emphasizes the need for further research on flooding in PHPs.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yunpeng Xue, Yongling Zhao, Shuo-Jun Mei, Yuan Chao, Jan Carmeliet
Summary: This study investigates the impact of building morphology on local climate, air quality, and urban microclimate. The researchers conducted an experimental investigation in a large-scale water tunnel, analyzing heat and flow fields using Laser-induced Fluorescence (LIF) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The findings show that factors such as canyon configuration, buoyant force, and approaching flow magnitude significantly influence fluid flow in street canyons, and the morphology of the street canyon dominates ventilation rate and heat flux. For example, changing the aspect ratio of a street canyon can lead to a significant change in air ventilation rate, ranging from 0.02 to 1.5 under the same flow conditions.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2024)