Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Margherita Passariello, Cinzia Vetrei, Felice Amato, Claudia De Lorenzo
Summary: This study investigated the rare but dangerous adverse events of thrombosis and thrombocytopenia after COVID-19 vaccination, revealing structural similarities between PF4 and Spike-RBD proteins, as well as cross-reactivity of their specific antibodies. It was also found for the first time that PF4 and Spike-RBD proteins can bind each other, potentially leading to platelet aggregation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Linda Schoenborn, Sabrina E. Seck, Thomas Thiele, Theodore E. Warkentin, Andreas Greinacher
Summary: In 69 patients with vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia caused by anti-PF4 antibodies, subsequent Covid-19 infection or receipt of an mRNA-based vaccine did not induce VITT recurrence.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Taweewun Hunsawong, Darunee Buddhari, Kamonthip Rungrojcharoenkit, Rungarun Suthangkornkul, Duangrat Mongkolsirichaikul, Jindarat Lohachanakul, Kedsara Tayong, Kanittha Sirikajornpan, Prinyada Rodpradit, Yongyuth Poolpanichupatam, Chonticha Klungthong, Darunee Utennam, Surachai Kaewhiran, Thomas S. Cotrone, Stefan Fernandez, Anthony R. Jones
Summary: This study examined the potential cross-reactivity of anti-DENV and CHIKV antibodies with SARS-CoV-2 and found diagnostic cross-reactivity among dengue seropositive cases, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis and appropriate public health interventions.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Chin-Shern Lau, Soon Kieng Phua, Ya-Li Liang, Helen May-Lin Oh, Tar-Choon Aw
Summary: The study revealed that COVID-naive subjects from Southeast Asia showed sustained and elevated antibody responses post COVID-19 vaccination. Majority of the participants tested positive for antibodies 10 days after dose 1, with a small percentage showing neutralizing antibody positivity. Even at 180 days, some antibodies remained active, with neutralizing antibody titers expected to stay reactive up to 241 days post-vaccination.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fernanda F. Ramos, Flavia F. Bagno, Paula F. Vassallo, Joao A. Oliveira-da-Silva, Thiago A. R. Reis, Raquel S. Bandeira, Amanda S. Machado, Daniela P. Lage, Vivian T. Martins, Ana P. Fernandes, Myron Christodoulides, Cecilia G. Ravetti, Vandack Nobre, Flavio G. da Fonseca, Eduardo A. F. Coelho, Fernanda Ludolf
Summary: This study evaluated and validated a urine-based ELISA method for detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibodies. The results showed that anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibodies could be detected in urine samples, and using prokaryotic expression of rSARS-CoV-2 Spike protein can achieve relatively high serology efficiency, suggesting that urine-based testing is a convenient screening tool that overcomes the difficulties of sample collection and the need for recombinant proteins produced with eukaryotic expression systems.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ioannis Sarrigeorgiou, Dimitra Moschandreou, Alexios Dimitriadis, Gerasimina Tsinti, Evangelia Sotiropoulou, Eleni Ntoukaki, Petros Eliadis, Marija Backovic, Stavroula Labropoulou, Nicolas Escriou, Abraham Pouliakis, Georgia Giannopoulou, Eleni Gaitanarou, Konstantinos Lazaridis, Andreas Mentis, Avgi Mamalaki, Elisavet Grouzi, Peggy Lymberi
Summary: This study evaluated the humoral response to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in Greek healthcare workers and found that the peak immune response occurred 21 days after the second dose, with declining but persistent antibody levels detected 9 months after vaccination. A booster dose increased antibody levels, although the levels were lower compared to the peak levels after the second dose. Factors such as age and chronic diseases may affect antibody levels. Vaccination provides effective antiviral protection against COVID-19, but booster doses are recommended for vulnerable individuals.
Article
Immunology
Laila Abdelwareth, Farida Alhousani, Rowan Abuyadek, James Donnelly, Andrea Leinberger-Jabari, Shereen Atef, Rami H. Al-Rifai
Summary: This study compares the humoral immune response in individuals who were naturally infected with SARS-CoV-2 and then vaccinated. The results show that vaccination following natural infection leads to a significant increase in SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, particularly ACE2-RBD blocking antibodies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Boguslawa Luzak, Marcin Rozalski, Tomasz Przygodzki, Magdalena Boncler, Dagmara Wojkowska, Marcin Kosmalski, Cezary Watala
Summary: Several studies have shown that COVID-19 patients exhibit increased platelet activation and altered platelet count. The role of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in this process is still unclear. This study found that the spike protein enhances platelet aggregation and vWF binding, while reducing aggregation and GPIIbIIIa activation in whole blood, depending on the presence of anti-spike protein neutralizing antibodies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Brian Grunau, Michael Asamoah-Boaheng, Pascal M. Lavoie, Mohammad Ehsanul Karim, Tracy L. Kirkham, Paul A. Demers, Vilte Barakauskas, Ana Citlali Marquez, Agatha N. Jassem, Sheila F. O'Brien, Steven J. Drews, Scott Haig, Sheldon Cheskes, David M. Goldfarb
Summary: This study compared the serology results of paramedics vaccinated with mRNA vaccines at short and long intervals, and found that a long dosing interval resulted in higher antibody concentrations.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Daniele Focosi
Summary: The urgency of delivering treatments against microorganisms is not compatible with the long turnaround times of genomic sequencing. However, worldwide genomic surveillance has created new opportunities for therapeutic purposes. By calculating IC50 against specific polymorphisms of the target antigen and compiling a list of mutations leading to drug resistance, the author found valuable knowledge in a publicly accessible repository of SARS-CoV-2 sequences. Using a custom function of a web portal, the author provided up-to-date regional prevalence estimates of baseline efficacy for each authorized anti-spike mAb.
Article
Microbiology
Brian Grunau, Martin Prusinkiewicz, Michael Asamoah-Boaheng, Liam Golding, Pascal M. Lavoie, Martin Petric, Paul N. Levett, Scott Haig, Vilte Barakauskas, Mohammad Ehsanul Karim, Agatha N. Jassem, Steven J. Drews, Sadaf Sediqi, David M. Goldfarb
Summary: Among vaccinated individuals, SARS-CoV-2 antibody concentrations and ACE-2 inhibition are correlated with live viral neutralizing antibody titers. Correlation is stronger in samples collected at later durations post-vaccination.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Virology
Lisa Seekircher, Anita Siller, Manfred Astl, Lena Tschiderer, Gregor A. Wachter, Bernhard Pfeifer, Andreas Huber, Manfred Gaber, Harald Schennach, Peter Willeit
Summary: During the winter 2021/2022 SARS-CoV-2 waves in Tyrol, Austria, the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and average antibody levels have significantly increased.
Article
Biology
Gang Ye, Joseph Gallant, Jian Zheng, Christopher Massey, Ke Shi, Wanbo Tai, Abby Odle, Molly Vickers, Jian Shang, Yushun Wan, Lanying Du, Hideki Aihara, Stanley Perlman, Aaron LeBeau, Fang Li
Summary: Nanosota-1, a series of single-domain antibodies, has shown to effectively combat SARS-CoV-2 virus by binding to the receptor-binding domain, blocking viral receptor ACE2, and demonstrating preventive and therapeutic efficacy against live infection. Produced at high yields in bacteria and with exceptional thermostability, Nanosota-1 may potentially contribute to the battle against COVID-19 as an effective and inexpensive drug candidate.
Article
Cell Biology
Andrea R. Shiakolas, Kevin J. Kramer, Daniel Wrapp, Simone Richardson, Alexandra Schafer, Steven Wall, Nianshuang Wang, Katarzyna Janowska, Kelsey A. Pilewski, Rohit Venkat, Robert Parks, Nelia P. Manamela, Nagarajan Raju, Emilee Friedman Fechter, Clinton M. Holt, Naveenchandra Suryadevara, Rita E. Chen, David R. Martinez, Rachel S. Nargi, Rachel E. Sutton, Julie E. Ledgerwood, Barney S. Graham, Michael S. Diamond, Barton F. Haynes, Priyamvada Acharya, Robert H. Carnahan, James E. Crowe, Ralph S. Baric, Lynn Morris, Jason S. McLellan, Ivelin S. Georgiev
Summary: Research identifies antibodies from a recovered SARS-CoV donor sample that cross-react with the spike proteins of highly pathogenic SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, as well as other coronaviruses. These antibodies mediate phagocytosis in vitro and reduce hemorrhagic pathology in murine lungs in vivo.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maemu P. Gededzha, Nakampe Mampeule, Sarika Jugwanth, Nontobeko Zwane, Anura David, Wendy A. Burgers, Jonathan M. Blackburn, Jurette S. Grove, Jaya A. George, Ian Sanne, Lesley Scott, Wendy Stevens, Elizabeth S. Mayne
Summary: The study evaluated the diagnostic performance of EUROIMMUN Anti-SARS-CoV-2 assays for detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection. It found higher sensitivity for IgA and lower sensitivity for IgG, with improved performance in symptomatic individuals and at later timepoints post PCR diagnosis.
