Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Palaniselvam Kuppusamy, Soundharrajan Ilavenil, In Ho Hwang, Dahye Kim, Ki Choon Choi
Summary: The study found that ferulic acid (FA) can significantly inhibit adipogenesis and lipid accumulation, enhance lipolysis by regulating key adipocyte factors and enzymes, and decrease adipocyte differentiation markers, showing potential as a potent molecule to prevent obesity and associated metabolic changes in the future.
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Seung-Nam Kim, Dae Hee Kim, Hyuek Jong Lee, Joon Seo Lim, Ju-Hee Lee, Sung Yun Park, Young Jun Koh
Summary: The study found that Rg3 has cytotoxic effects on differentiated mouse primary brown adipocytes, leading to cell death, mainly through regulation of genes related to adipocyte differentiation, adipogenesis, lipolysis, and inflammation. Further research on the potential therapeutic applications of Rg3 is warranted.
EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marie Rebeaud, Caroline Bouche, Stephanie Dauvillier, Camille Attane, Carlo Arellano, Charlotte Vaysse, Frederique Fallone, Catherine Muller
Summary: Obesity is a negative prognostic factor for breast cancer, but the underlying biological mechanisms are largely unknown. This study suggests that altered transfer of free fatty acids (FFA) between adipocytes and tumor cells might contribute to tumor progression in obese conditions. A 3D model using a fibrin matrix is introduced as an alternative for studying the interaction between mammary adipocytes (M-Ads) and cancer cells, showing FFA transfer and its amplification by obesity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pavel Hruska, Jan Kucera, Matej Pekar, Pavol Holeczy, Miloslav Mazur, Marek Buzga, Daniela Kuruczova, Peter Lenart, Jana Fialova Kucerova, David Potesil, Zbynek Zdrahal, Julie Bienertova-Vasku
Summary: The study compared the proteomic profiles of mature adipocytes from different adipose tissue depots, with findings showing that subcutaneous adipocytes are more active in vesicular transport, secretion, and lipid metabolism, while visceral adipocytes have higher protein expression related to mitochondrial energy metabolism and translational or biosynthetic activity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Heather Fairfield, Amel Dudakovic, Casper M. Khatib, Mariah Farrell, Samantha Costa, Carolyne Falank, Maja Hinge, Connor S. Murphy, Victoria DeMambro, Jessica A. Pettitt, Christine W. Lary, Heather E. Driscoll, Michelle M. McDonald, Moustapha Kassem, Clifford Rosen, Thomas L. Andersen, Andre J. van Wijnen, Abbas Jafari, Michaela R. Reagan
Summary: Interactions between bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) and myeloma cells play a significant role in the pathogenesis and treatment of multiple myeloma. Studies show that myeloma cells reduce bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) and induce senescence and metabolic changes in BMAds.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Stefanska, Lucie Nemcova, Malgorzata Blatkiewicz, Wojciech Pienkowski, Marcin Rucinski, Maciej Zabel, Paul Mozdziak, Marzenna Podhorska-Okolow, Piotr Dziegiel, Bartosz Kempisty
Summary: Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) possess multilineage differentiation potential and specific surface markers. In this study, RNA sequencing analysis revealed differentially expressed genes associated with apoptosis and identified upregulation of ZBTB16 and FOXO1, as well as downregulation of TGFA, in all differentiated groups. Additionally, several novel marker genes related to WJ-MSCs differentiation were identified. This study sheds light on the molecular mechanisms involved in long-term culture and differentiation of WJ-MSCs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Qing Xu, Edwin C. M. Mariman, Ellen E. Blaak, Johan W. E. Jocken
Summary: This study investigated the effect of pharmacological agents on lipid hydrolysis in human adipocytes and found that inhibition of autophagy pathway can reduce lipid hydrolysis, although to a limited extent.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Nina Compera, Scott Atwell, Johannes Wirth, Christine von Toerne, Stefanie M. Hauck, Matthias Meier
Summary: This study developed a microfluidic chip platform to simulate adipose tissue in vitro and revealed the differences in adipocytes under low/high glucose conditions using proteomics analysis. This in vitro model can be used to investigate the molecular and functional mechanisms of adipose tissue under normal and pathological conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenta Okuro, Atsunori Fukuhara, Tomomi Minemura, Tomoaki Hayakawa, Shigeki Nishitani, Yosuke Okuno, Michio Otsuki, Iichiro Shimomura
Summary: Glutamine plays a crucial role in the differentiation of preadipocytes and regulation of lipolysis in mature adipocytes through the production and secretion of glutamine-dependent on glutamine synthetase. Fasting results in low glutamine concentrations in adipose tissues and activates FoxO1 to regulate lipolysis.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Shigeki Sugii, Cheryl Yeh Qi Wong, Angela Khin Oo Lwin, Lamony Jian Ming Chew
Summary: Cellular agriculture offers a sustainable way to produce cultivated meat as an alternative protein source. This review focuses on the isolation, production, and incorporation of adipocytes from various agricultural species as food constituents. The authors summarize recent developments and highlight scientific questions and challenges in advancing the biomanufacture of 'alternative fat'.
TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Edward L. Y. Chen, Patrick M. Brauer, Elisa C. Martinez, Xiaotian Huang, Ning Yu, Michele K. Anderson, Yang Li, Juan Carlos Zuniga-Pflucker
Summary: Human T cell development requires successful rearrangement of the TCR gene loci, with RAG2 playing a crucial role in this process. While RAG2-KO T lineage progenitors in humans can progress to the DP stage without TCR beta rearrangements, cells expressing rearranged TCR beta-chains exhibit increased survival and proliferation compared to control cells. Transcriptomic analysis revealed differences in gene pathways related to survival and proliferation between TCR beta- and control-transduced RAG2-KO DPs.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Loka R. Penke, Jennifer M. Speth, Steven K. Huang, Sean M. Fortier, Jared Baas, Marc Peters-Golden
Summary: This study found that the transcription factor KLF4 is suppressed in fibroblasts from fibrotic lung. Gain-and loss-of-function studies showed that KLF4 can inhibit fibroblast proliferation, collagen synthesis, and differentiation to myofibroblasts, while restoring their sensitivity to apoptosis. A small molecule inducer of KLF4 was able to restore its expression in fibrotic fibroblasts and induce resolution of fibrosis. These findings highlight the importance of KLF4 as a negative regulator of fibroblast activation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Na Chen, Mingyang Yuan, NingNing Zhang, Maopei Chen, Ruixin Liu, Jiqiu Wang, Peng Lu
Summary: The study showed that knocking out the Ctnnb1 gene in UCP1-positive adipocytes led to increased browning of white adipose tissue and increased energy expenditure in mice. It was also found that 0-catenin inhibited thermogenic gene expression and Ucp1 expression in differentiated beige adipocytes at the transcription level.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Na Chen, Mingyang Yuan, NingNing Zhang, Maopei Chen, Ruixin Liu, Jiqiu Wang, Peng Lu
Summary: Canonical WNT pathway exacerbates obesity in mature adipocytes. Knockout of Ctnnb1 in UCP1-positive adipocytes led to increased browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) and enhanced energy expenditure in mice. Beta-catenin repressed thermogenic genes expression in beige adipocytes and Ucp1 expression at the transcription level.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ying Liu, Yifei Le, Mengting Xu, Wanyue Wang, Hang Chen, Quan Zhang, Cui Wang
Summary: This study investigated the physiological disturbance of OPEs on adipose tissue and found that certain compounds may induce inflammation and insulin resistance. Mechanistic investigations revealed that these compounds affect lipolysis and glucose uptake.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Elisa Scarsella, Michela Cintio, Lucilla Iacumin, Federica Ginaldi, Bruno Stefanon
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Martina Zappaterra, Paolo Zambonelli, Cristina Schivazappa, Nicoletta Simoncini, Roberta Virgili, Bruno Stefanon, Roberta Davoli
Summary: This study explored the associations between genetic markers and ham traits obtained through non-invasive technologies during the salting process. It identified genetic markers linked to ham weight loss during salting, potentially useful for enhancing the quality of PDO dry-cured hams.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Marco Milanesi, Matilde Maria Passamonti, Katia Cappelli, Andrea Minuti, Valentino Palombo, Sandy Sgorlon, Stefano Capomaccio, Mariasilvia D'Andrea, Erminio Trevisi, Bruno Stefanon, John Lewis Williams, Paolo Ajmone-Marsan
Summary: The study found genetic associations with variations in stress-related biomarker levels. Through genome-wide association studies, significant associations were discovered with ceruloplasmin, paraoxonase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase in different breeds, indicating that the expression of these genes is under genetic regulation. These results provide a theoretical basis for breeding animals with greater stress resilience.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Elisa Scarsella, Alfonso Zecconi, Michela Cintio, Bruno Stefanon
Summary: Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland caused by microorganisms, and recent studies have hypothesized a potential bacterial crossing from the gut to the mammary gland. This research aimed to investigate this phenomenon through microbiome analysis of feces, blood, and milk from cows with different udder health conditions. Results did not confirm the bacterial crossing from gut to milk, and beta biodiversity analysis indicated microbial community changes in the milk of cows with different health conditions. Further investigation is needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Valentino Palombo, Mariasilvia D'Andrea, Danilo Licastro, Simeone Dal Monego, Sandy Sgorlon, Misa Sandri, Bruno Stefanon
Summary: Italian swine breeding programs for dry-cured ham production have expanded to include novel phenotypes in addition to traditional traits; genomic regions and QTL characterization can provide valuable information for genetic selection; the identification of QTL signals on specific chromosomes suggests potential for future breeding programs to enhance genomic prediction reliability.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Elena Mariani, Claudio Cipolat-Gotet, Bruno Stefanon, Alfonso Zecconi, Giorgia Stocco, Misa Sandri, Michela Ablondi, Maria Mountricha, Andrea Summer
Summary: This study investigated the effect of the interaction between total somatic cell count (SCC) and differential somatic cell count (DSCC) on milk yield, composition, and coagulation traits in individual dairy cows. The results showed that the combined use of SCC and DSCC can be utilized to assess dairy cow performance and monitor milk quality improvement.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DAIRY TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Monica Colitti, Bruno Stefanon, Misa Sandri, Danilo Licastro
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of canine fibroblasts incubated with atopic dermatitis canine serum (CAD) on gene expression. Differential expression analysis showed that genes involved in extracellular matrix and focal adhesion signalling were significantly upregulated, while genes related to oxidative phosphorylation were downregulated. Fibroblasts exposed to CAD serum also showed upregulation of profibrotic genes and downregulation of collagen and integrin genes. These findings suggest metabolic dysregulation towards a myofibroblast phenotype and activation of signalling pathways involved in fibrosis development.
VETERINARY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Giorgia Stocco, Claudio Cipolat-Gotet, Bruno Stefanon, Alfonso Zecconi, Maurizio Francescutti, Maria Mountricha, Andrea Summer
Summary: This study investigated the impact of environmental and animal factors on the variability of somatic cell count in bovine milk. Factors such as herd productivity, milking system, season, breed, days in milk (DIM), and parity were found to significantly influence somatic cell count. The results highlight the importance of managing these factors to ensure optimal milk quality.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Fatemeh Balouei, Bruno Stefanon, Sandy Sgorlon, Misa Sandri
Summary: This review paper provides a recent perspective on the gut microbiome of newborn puppies. It suggests that microbial colonization of newborns begins at birth and can be influenced by various factors such as parturition, maternal microbiota, and diet. The maternal microbiota and diet are particularly important for the development and growth of puppies' gut microbiota.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Bruno Stefanon, Michela Cintio, Sandy Sgorlon, Elisa Scarsella, Danilo Licastro, Alfonso Zecconi, Monica Colitti
Summary: This study investigated the microRNA (miRNA) cargos of exosomes isolated from milk in relation to the healthy conditions of the mammary gland. Differential expression analysis identified differentially expressed miRNAs in the comparisons between healthy cows, cows at risk of mastitis, and cows with subclinical mastitis. The analysis of miRNA cargos in milk exosomes can be considered as a promising approach to study the complex molecular machinery set in motion in response to mastitis in dairy cows.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Elisa Scarsella, Giorgia Meineri, Misa Sandri, Holly H. Ganz, Bruno Stefanon
Summary: Recent studies have shown the presence of bacterial DNA in the blood of healthy individuals, highlighting the need for further research on the origin and relationship of blood bacteria to host health. This study characterized the blood microbiome in healthy dogs and dogs with gastrointestinal disease, comparing it to the fecal microbiome. The results demonstrated significant differences between the blood and fecal microbiome of healthy and unhealthy groups, suggesting bacteria can translocate from the gut to the blood. Further investigation is required to determine the origin and viability of blood bacteria.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Elisa Scarsella, Aashish Jha, Misa Sandri, Bruno Stefanon
Summary: This study utilized high-throughput DNA sequencing techniques and network analysis to investigate the gut microbiome. The results revealed the network structure of the gut microbiome under different factors such as diet and sex and provided an explanation for bacterial interactions.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Giorgia Meineri, Elisa Martello, David Atuahene, Silvia Miretti, Bruno Stefanon, Misa Sandri, Ilaria Biasato, Maria Rita Corvaglia, Ilario Ferrocino, Luca Simone Cocolin
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of administering Saccharomyces boulardii on the nutritional, immunological, inflammatory, stress status, and gut composition in healthy adult dogs. Supplementation with S. boulardii significantly improved intestinal health and reduced stress.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Elisa Scarsella, Jacopo Segato, Daniele Zuccaccia, Kelly S. Swanson, Bruno Stefanon
Summary: Metabolomics through NMR spectroscopy was used to depict the metabolite profiles of fecal samples from dogs fed different diets, showing promising results in describing phenotypic variations among the dogs. The targeted metabolome analysis also provided insights into the biochemical differences among the groups, highlighting the importance of metabolomic approaches in understanding the effects of dietary interventions on animal health.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
