Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Bellazzini, D. Massari, F. De Angeli, A. Mucciarelli, A. Bragaglia, M. Riello, P. Montegriffo
Summary: We used two previous calibrations and standardised synthetic photometry to obtain photometric metallicities for a selected sample of 694,233 old Galactic giant stars. The accuracy and precision of the photometric metallicities were validated by comparing them with spectroscopic metallicities from various surveys. The newly obtained metallicities were used to derive metallicity distributions for substructures in the Galactic halo.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
F. Wang, H-W Zhang, X-X Xue, Y. Huang, G-C Liu, L. Zhang, C-Q Yang
Summary: This article identifies substructures within the Galactic halo using data from different astronomical observations. By analyzing the position and velocity information of stars, the authors determine several known substructures and propose the existence of new ones. They also find that Gaia-Enceladus-Sausage (GES) accounts for a significant portion of substructures in the inner halo and affects the density profile of the Galactic halo.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
C. Aguilera-Gomez, L. Monaco, A. Mucciarelli, M. Salaris, S. Villanova, E. Pancino
Summary: This study examines the initial lithium content of lower red giant branch stars in globular clusters and compares it to cosmological predictions. The results show a plateau in the lithium abundance, with no correlation with metallicity. Additionally, a Li-rich giant star is discovered in one of the clusters, possibly due to pollution from external sources.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zachary G. Maas, Keith Hawkins, Natalie R. Hinkel, Phillip Cargile, Steven Janowiecki, Tyler Nelson
Summary: Phosphorus is a critical element for life on Earth and its cosmic production sites are uncertain. Chemical evolution models underestimate phosphorus abundance, and there is a 0.1 dex difference in [P/Fe] between thin disk and thick disk stars. The evolution of phosphorus most closely resembles that of alpha-elements.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Montelius, R. Forsberg, N. Ryde, H. Jonsson, M. Afsar, A. Johansen, K. F. Kaplan, H. Kim, G. Mace, C. Sneden, B. Thorsbro
Summary: This study measured the ytterbium abundance of local disk giants using infrared spectra, compared it with cerium and europium abundances, and analyzed the contributions of s-process and r-process. The results demonstrate the reliability of ytterbium abundances derived from infrared spectra and support the theoretical prediction of the s-/r-process ratio for ytterbium origin. Reliable ytterbium abundances for a wider sample of cooler giants can be obtained with careful infrared spectral analysis.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
L. Cavallo, G. Cescutti, F. Matteucci
Summary: In this paper, the authors investigate the origin of the large star-to-star variation in the [Eu/Fe] ratios in extremely metal-poor stars. By considering the chemical enrichment of Eu in the building blocks of the Galactic halo, they find that the dynamics of binary systems in the gravitational potential of the host galaxy play a role in the enrichment from neutron star mergers.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
David M. French, Andrew J. Fox, Bart P. Wakker, Nicolas Lehner, J. Christopher Howk, Blair D. Savage, Philipp Richter, John O'Meara, Sanchayeeta Borthakur, Timothy Heckman, Colin Norman
Summary: We conducted a survey of neutral gas in the Milky Way disk and halo, examining the distribution of HI column densities and finding a higher abundance of interstellar cloud gas in the southern hemisphere compared to the north.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
N. Faltova, M. Prisegen, K. Bernhard, S. Hummerich, E. Paunzen
Summary: This study used astrometry data and spectroscopic classification methods to analyze the kinematic properties and galactic orbits of CP2 stars, identifying six stars that exhibit properties consistent with being members of the Galactic halo. These stars have orbits that are in agreement with an origin in the Galactic disk and were possibly ejected through dynamical interactions or in the binary supernova scenario, making them the first known runaway CP2 stars.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
R. Smiljanic, M. G. Zych, L. Pasquini
Summary: The abundances of beryllium in metal-poor stars show a linear relationship with metallicity down to approximately [Fe/H] -3.0. An increased abundance scatter has been observed in extremely metal-poor stars, suggesting a flattening of the relation between beryllium abundances and metallicity. The study investigates the beryllium abundances in extremely metal-poor stars and aims to clarify the existence of a beryllium abundance plateau.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
F. Lucertini, L. Monaco, E. Caffau, P. Bonifacio, A. Mucciarelli
Summary: This study aims to improve our understanding of the behavior of sulfur in the Galactic bulge by analyzing the abundances of sulfur in multiple stars. The results confirm that sulfur behaves like an alpha-element in the Galactic bulge and suggest that the Galactic bulge is sulfur-rich compared to the disk.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Marcelo M. M. Miller Bertolami
Summary: The Red-Giant Branch Bump (RGBB) is a significant feature in the red-giant luminosity function of stellar clusters, caused by the hydrogen-burning shell passing through a composition discontinuity. The actual physical reason behind the decrease in luminosity is not well understood, but it has been shown that the change in mean molecular weight of layers above the burning shell contributes to the change in luminosity at the RGBB.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Tadafumi Matsuno, Helmer H. Koppelman, Amina Helmi, Wako Aoki, Miho N. Ishigaki, Takuma Suda, Zhen Yuan, Kohei Hattori
Summary: This study characterizes the chemical properties of stars from the retrograde kinematic substructure Sequoia. The results show significant differences in chemical abundances between Sequoia and Gaia-Enceladus stars at a lower metallicity, suggesting different influences from type Ia supernovae. The study also confirms the low [Mg/Fe] ratio in Sequoia stars found in previous literature and surveys.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
E. Macias, O. Guerra-Alvarado, C. Carrasco-Gonzalez, A. Ribas, C. C. Espaillat, J. Huang, S. M. Andrews
Summary: Analyzing optical dust emissions reveals the dust content in the disk of TW Hya, showing evidence of large dust particles accumulation at the location of bright rings, indicating their role as dust traps.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Emma Dodd, Amina Helmi, Helmer H. Koppelman
Summary: In this study, the authors investigate the structure and properties of nearby debris associated with the Helmi streams in detail. They find that the streams are split into substructures in integrals of motion space, particularly into two clumps in angular momentum space. These findings provide important insights into the formation and evolution of the Milky Way.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Dongwook Lim, Andreas J. Koch-Hansen, Camilla Juul Hansen, Sebastien Lepine, Jennifer L. Marshall, Mark Wilkinson, Jorge Penarrubia
Summary: Recent discoveries of wide binaries have shed light on their chemical compositions and potential origins, with some possibly forming in dwarf galaxy environments with lower metallicities. Further research provides a novel opportunity to understand the formation of wide binaries and the assembly process of the Milky Way.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Samuel K. Grunblatt, Nicholas Saunders, Ashley Chontos, Soichiro Hattori, Dimitri Veras, Daniel Huber, Ruth Angus, Malena Rice, Katelyn Breivik, Sarah Blunt, Steven Giacalone, Jack Lubin, Howard Isaacson, Andrew W. Howard, David R. Ciardi, Boris S. Safonov, Ivan A. Strakhov, David W. Latham, Allyson Bieryla, George R. Ricker, Jon M. Jenkins, Peter Tenenbaum, Avi Shporer, Edward H. Morgan, Veselin Kostov, Hugh P. Osborn, Diana Dragomir, Sara Seager, Roland K. Vanderspek, Joshua N. Winn
Summary: The study finds that planets around rapidly evolving stars tend to have more eccentric orbits compared to the main-sequence population. They discovered a planet called TOI-4582 b, which orbits an intermediate-mass subgiant star every 31.034 days and has a significantly eccentric orbit. Comparing the population of planets around evolved stars to main-sequence stars, the researchers found that the rate at which orbital eccentricity grows with period is significantly higher for evolved star systems.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
E. Knudstrup, D. Gandolfi, G. Nowak, C. M. Persson, E. Furlan, J. Livingston, E. Matthews, M. S. Lundkvist, M. L. Winther, J. L. Rorsted, S. H. Albrecht, E. Goffo, I Carleo, H. J. Deeg, K. A. Collins, N. Narita, H. Isaacson, S. Redfield, F. Dai, T. Hirano, J. M. Akana Murphy, C. Beard, L. A. Buchhave, S. Cary, A. Chontos, I Crossfield, W. D. Cochran, D. Conti, P. A. Dalba, M. Esposito, S. Fajardo-Acosta, S. Giacalone, S. K. Grunblatt, P. Guerra, A. P. Hatzes, R. Holcomb, F. G. Horta, A. W. Howard, D. Huber, J. M. Jenkins, P. Kabath, S. Kane, J. Korth, K. W. F. Lam, K. Lester, R. Matson, K. K. McLeod, J. Orell-Miquel, F. Murgas, E. Palle, A. S. Polanski, G. Ricker, P. Robertson, R. Rubenzahl, J. E. Schlieder, S. Seager, A. M. S. Smith, P. Tenenbaum, E. Turtelboom, R. Vanderspek, L. Weiss, J. Winn
Summary: We have discovered and confirmed the planetary system TOI-1288, which consists of a late G dwarf and two planets: TOI-1288 b and TOI-1288 c. Through a combination of TESS space-borne and ground-based transit photometry, as well as high-precision Doppler measurements, we have determined the masses and radii of the planets in the system. TOI-1288 b is a hot transiting super-Neptune, located in the Neptunian desert, with a period of 2.699835(-0.000003)(+0.000004) days, a radius of 5.24 +/- 0.09 R-circle plus, and a mass of 42 +/- 3 M-circle plus. TOI-1288 c, on the other hand, has not been detected in the TESS data.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Rany Vorn, Christina Devoto, Timothy B. Meier, Chen Lai, Sijung Yun, Steven P. Broglio, Sara Mithani, Thomas W. McAllister, Christopher C. Giza, Hyung-Suk Kim, Daniel Huber, Jaroslaw Harezlak, Kenneth L. Cameron, Gerald McGinty, Jonathan Jackson, Kevin M. Guskiewicz, Jason P. Mihalik, Alison Brooks, Stefan Duma, Steven Rowson, Lindsay D. Nelson, Paul Pasquina, Michael A. McCrea, Jessica M. Gill
Summary: A new combination of plasma protein markers (EPB41 and SNCA) has been discovered to accurately diagnose concussion within 6 hours of sport-related injury, based on a multicenter, prospective case-control study.
JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Correction
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Elisabeth R. Newton, Rayna Rampalli, Adam L. Kraus, Andrew W. Mann, Jason L. Curtis, Andrew Vanderburg, Daniel M. Krolikowski, Daniel Huber, Grayson C. Petter, Allyson Bieryla, Benjamin M. Tofflemire, Pa Chia Thao, Mackenna L. Wood, Ronan Kerr, Boris S. Safanov, Ivan A. Strakhov, David R. Ciardi, Steven Giacalone, Courtney D. Dressing, Holden Gill, Arjun B. Savel, Karen A. Collins, Peyton Brown, Felipe Murgas, Keisuke Isogai, Norio Narita, Enric Palle, Samuel N. Quinn, Jason D. Eastman, Gabor Furesz, Bernie Shiao, Tansu Daylan, Douglas A. Caldwell, George R. Ricker, Roland Vanderspek, Sara Seager, Joshua N. Winn, Jon M. Jenkins, David W. Latham
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Casey L. Brinkman, Lauren M. Weiss, Fei Dai, Daniel Huber, Edwin S. Kite, Diana Valencia, Jacob L. Bean, Corey Beard, Aida Behmard, Sarah Blunt, Madison Brady, Benjamin Fulton, Steven Giacalone, Andrew W. Howard, Howard Isaacson, David Kasper, Jack Lubin, Mason MacDougall, Joseph Akana M. Murphy, Mykhaylo Plotnykov, Alex S. Polanski, Malena Rice, Andreas Seifahrt, Guomundur Stefansson, Julian Stuermer
Summary: TOI-561 is a galactic thick-disk star hosting an ultra-short-period planet with a radius of 1.37 R, making it one of the most metal-poor and oldest sites where an Earth-sized planet has been found. New radial velocity measurements and TESS photometry were used to determine the mass and radius of the planet, confirming its low density and suggesting a rocky composition with a volatile envelope.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Brendan P. Bowler, Quang H. Tran, Zhoujian Zhang, Marvin Morgan, Katelyn B. Ashok, Sarah Blunt, Marta L. Bryan, Analis E. Evans, Kyle Franson, Daniel Huber, Vighnesh Nagpal, Ya-Lin Wu, Yifan Zhou
Summary: The orientation between a star's spin axis and a planet's orbital plane provides valuable information about the system's formation and dynamical history. For non-transiting planets at wide separations, true stellar obliquities are challenging to measure, but lower limits on spin-orbit orientations can be determined from the difference between the inclination of the star's rotational axis and the companion's orbital plane (?i). We present results of a uniform analysis of rotation periods, stellar inclinations, and obliquities of cool stars (SpT ? F5) hosting directly imaged planets and brown dwarf companions.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Tiago L. Campante, Tanda Li, J. M. Joel Ong, Enrico Corsaro, Margarida S. Cunha, Timothy R. Bedding, Diego Bossini, Sylvain N. Breton, Derek L. Buzasi, William J. Chaplin, Morgan Deal, Rafael A. Garcia, Michelle L. Hill, Marc Hon, Daniel Huber, Chen Jiang, Stephen R. Kane, Cenk Kayhan, James S. Kuszlewicz, Jorge Lillo-Box, Savita Mathur, Mario J. P. F. G. Monteiro, Filipe Pereira, Nuno C. Santos, Aldo Serenelli, Dennis Stello
Summary: Asteroseismology is being used to study red giant host stars and their planetary systems. The authors conducted asteroseismic modeling of two evolved red giant branch (RGB) host stars and a benchmark star using data from the Kepler and TESS missions. They found that including different sets of observed modes as seismic constraints improved the precision of the stellar parameters, and that the choice of atmospheric physics can affect the results of seismic modeling.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Kendall Sullivan, Adam L. Kraus, Daniel Huber, Erik A. Petigura, Elise Evans, Trent Dupuy, Jingwen Zhang, Travis A. Berger, Eric Gaidos, Andrew W. Mann
Summary: Binary stars are common, especially among solar-type stars. While the presence of planets is less likely in binary systems, there are still some multiple star systems that host planets. These binary systems introduce observational biases and make transiting planets appear smaller. In this study, we analyzed 119 binary star systems with planets from the Kepler mission and found no significant evidence of a radius gap in our sample, suggesting that the planet size distribution differs between binary and single star systems.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
G. Casali, V. Grisoni, A. Miglio, C. Chiappini, M. Matteuzzi, L. Magrini, E. Willett, G. Cescutti, F. Matteucci, A. Stokholm, M. Tailo, J. Montalban, Y. Elsworth, B. Mosser
Summary: The study on the abundance trends of cerium (Ce) in stars reveals a strong dependence on metallicity and star formation history, with non-monotonic behavior of [Ce/Fe] ratio peaking around -0.2 dex. Younger stars show higher [Ce/Fe] and [Ce/a] ratios than older stars, indicating the contribution of low- and intermediate-mass asymptotic giant branch stars to Galactic chemical enrichment. Additionally, the trends of [Ce/Fe] and [Ce/a] become steeper towards the outer regions of the Galactic disc, suggesting more intense star formation in the inner regions. Cerium has potential as an element to constrain stellar yields and the formation of the Milky Way disc, but spectroscopic uncertainties remain a challenge due to large scatter in the studied relations.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alexandra Z. Greenbaum, Jorge Llop-Sayson, Ben W. P. Lew, Geoffrey Bryden, Thomas L. Roellig, Marie Ygouf, B. J. Fulton, Daniel R. Hey, Daniel Huber, Sagnick Mukherjee, Michael Meyer, Jarron Leisenring, Marcia Rieke, Martha Boyer, Joseph J. Green, Doug Kelly, Karl Misselt, Eugene Serabyn, John Stansberry, Laurie E. U. Chu, Matthew De Furio, Doug Johnstone, Joshua E. Schlieder, Charles Beichman
Summary: We used JWST's NIRCam to observe HD 19467 B with the long-wavelength bar coronagraph in six filters. HD 19467 B, initially identified through radial velocity measurements, was characterized as a late-T type brown dwarf. The object was successfully detected using angular differential imaging and synthetic reference differential imaging, although no reference star data were available. Additional data were used to constrain the orbit and properties of HD 19467 B.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biology
Francisco J. Luongo, Lu Liu, Chun Lum Andy Ho, Janis K. Hesse, Joseph B. Wekselblatt, Frank Lanfranchi, Daniel Huber, Doris Y. Tsao
Summary: The rodent visual system has been of interest due to its experimental tractability, but it remains unclear how mice represent the visual world. This study investigates if mice exhibit behavioral and neural signatures of figure-ground segmentation, a key step in visual representation. The results show that mice have limited ability to segment figure from ground using opponent motion cue, unlike primates.
Article
Business, Finance
Daniel Huber, Heiko Jacobs, Sebastian Mueller, Fabian Preissler
Summary: We evaluate the performance of different factor-based asset pricing models in international regions and globally, considering both relative and absolute measures. Our comprehensive analysis accounts for transaction costs and incorporates both right-hand-side tests (based on maximum squared Sharpe ratios) and left-hand-side tests (individual return predictors, composite mispricing proxies). The overall findings suggest that recently proposed models tend to outperform classical models, indicating the need for new and powerful asset pricing models for global equity markets.
JOURNAL OF BANKING & FINANCE
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Travis S. Metcalfe, Derek Buzasi, Daniel Huber, Marc H. Pinsonneault, Jennifer L. van Saders, Thomas R. Ayres, Sarbani Basu, Jeremy J. Drake, Ricky Egeland, Oleg Kochukhov, Pascal Petit, Steven H. Saar, Victor See, Keivan G. Stassun, Yaguang Li, Timothy R. Bedding, Sylvain N. Breton, Adam J. Finley, Rafael A. Garcia, Hans Kjeldsen, Martin B. Nielsen, J. M. Joel Ong, Jakob L. Rorsted, Amalie Stokholm, Mark L. Winther, Catherine A. Clark, Diego Godoy-Rivera, Ilya V. Ilyin, Klaus G. Strassmeier, Sandra V. Jeffers, Stephen C. Marsden, Aline A. Vidotto, Sallie Baliunas, Willie Soon
Summary: This study characterizes the fundamental properties of the bright star lambda Ser and examines its evolutionary pathway. Solar-like oscillations were detected, and precise asteroseismic properties were derived. The large-scale magnetic field morphology and chromospheric activity were analyzed using spectropolarimetric data and time series measurements. The star's rotational history and wind braking torque were also estimated. However, the interpretation of lambda Ser's properties is limited by the uncertainty in stellar age.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Elisa Goffo, Davide Gandolfi, Jo Ann Egger, Alexander J. Mustill, Simon H. Albrecht, Teruyuki Hirano, Oleg Kochukhov, Nicola Astudillo-Defru, Oscar Barragan, Luisa M. Serrano, Artie P. Hatzes, Yann Alibert, Eike Guenther, Fei Dai, Kristine W. F. Lam, Szilard Csizmadia, Alexis M. S. Smith, Luca Fossati, Rafael Luque, Florian Rodler, Mark L. Winther, Jakob L. Rorsted, Javier Alarcon, Xavier Bonfils, William D. Cochran, Hans J. Deeg, Jon M. Jenkins, Judith Korth, John H. Livingston, Annabella Meech, Felipe Murgas, Jaume Orell-Miquel, Hannah L. M. Osborne, Enric Palle, Carina M. Persson, Seth Redfield, George R. Ricker, Sara Seager, Roland Vanderspek, Vincent Van Eylen, Joshua N. Winn
Summary: Researchers have discovered that GJ 367 is a bright star hosting a transiting ultra-short period subEarth and two non-transiting low-mass companions. The planetary mass and radius of GJ 367 b were found to be higher than Earth's, resulting in a high bulk density. The internal composition of GJ 367 b suggests the presence of an iron core.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
(2023)