Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Caihong Han, Qionglin Peng, Mengshi Sun, Xinyu Jiang, Xiangbin Su, Jiangtao Chen, Mingze Ma, Huan Zhu, Xiaoxiao Ji, Yufeng Pan
Summary: Most animal species exhibit dimorphic sexual behaviors, with males showing higher levels of aggression. Current models have focused on the male-specific product of the fruitless gene, fruM, which controls male courtship and male-specific aggression patterns in fruit flies and describes a male-specific mechanism underlying sexually dimorphic behaviors. This study demonstrates that the doublesex gene (dsx), which produces male-specific DsxM and female-specific DsxF transcription factors, also plays a role in the nervous system to control both male and female sexual and aggressive behaviors.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biology
Rachel E. Monyak, Nicole M. Golbari, Yick-Bun Chan, Ausra Pranevicius, Grace Tang, Maria Paz Fernandez, Edward A. Kravitz
Summary: The article discusses the reasons for aggression in different animal species and the sexual dimorphism in aggression behavior among male and female fruit flies. Research shows that genetically masculinized female fruit flies increase their male-like aggression when faced with more aggressive opponents. Studying fruit fly aggression behavior can help reveal the neural mechanisms and triggering cues behind sexually dimorphic aggressive behavior.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yin Wu, Ran Wei, Yu Nan, Yang Hu, Yuting Ye
Summary: This study investigates the effects of androstadienone, a potential human sex pheromone, on aggression. The results show that smelling androstadienone reduces both reactive and proactive aggression in men, but increases reactive aggression in women.
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Matias Pandolfi, Maria Florencia Scaia, Maria Paz Fernandez
Summary: Aggressive behavior is seen as a strategy for gaining access to resources, with male-specific competitive aggression and territorial behaviors being common across species. However, female-female competitive aggression and intersexual aggression have also been observed in various species. Research using genetically tractable model systems such as mice, zebrafish, and fruit flies has been valuable in understanding the neural circuitry and genetic basis of aggressive behavior, though there is a lack of ethological or ecological perspectives in many studies.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Alberto A. Castro, Theodore Garland, Saad Ahmed, Natalie C. Holt
Summary: There is a trade-off between locomotor speed and endurance, which is likely to be caused by changes in muscle physiology. However, the muscle-level trade-off contradicts the organismal-level trade-off previously reported.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Graham Albert, Erika Wells, Steven Arnocky, Chang Hong Liu, Carolyn R. Hodges-Simeon
Summary: Research has shown that faces manipulated to appear more masculine are perceived as more dominant. Men rated masculinized faces as more dominant even after a brief exposure, indicating an ability to distinguish facial sexual dimorphism. However, recognition memory did not differ between masculinized and feminized faces, potentially due to a floor effect.
AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Biology
Rok Golobinek, Matjaz Gregoric, Simona Kralj-Fiser
Summary: The study focuses on the Mediterranean black widow spider species, investigating how body size and aggressive behaviors influence mating behavior, mating success, and sexual cannibalism. Results show that individual variation in aggression levels does not play a direct role in mating behavior, but body size affects male mating success and the occurrence of sexual cannibalism in females.
Article
Ecology
Wagner Luiz Dos Santos, Jucara Bordin, Katia Cavalcanti Porto, Fabio Pinheiro
Summary: Life-history traits, such as reproductive allocation, sexual expression, sex ratio, and reproductive success, are important for the ecology and evolution of species. In this study, we investigated reproductive traits in 10 meta-populations of Fissidens flaccidus Mitt. Our results showed that relative reproductive allocation in perigonia and sporophytes is greater than perichaetia. Furthermore, we found a trade-off between sexual relative reproductive allocation and asexual gemma production, highlighting the importance of female ramets in asexual reproduction.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yong-Chao Wang, Ya-Hui Lv, Can Wang, Guan-Yu Jiang, Meng-Fei Han, Ji-Guang Deng, Hsing-Cheng Hsi
Summary: In this study, the role of biofilm community evolution in the function of biofilters for odor control in WWTP was investigated. The results revealed trade-offs in biofilm community and functions during different phases of operation, including the start-up phase, stable operation phase, and clogging phase. The findings highlight the importance of considering biofilm community dynamics in improving bioreactor performance.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roosa A. E. Laitinen, Zoran Nikoloski
Summary: Trade-offs between traits in plants are important for their survival and are influenced by the environment and physicochemical laws. However, there are still gaps and differences in defining and measuring trade-offs, as well as understanding their genetic architecture. This review classifies existing definitions of trade-offs and compares quantification methods based on different correlations. It also highlights the genetic mechanisms underlying trade-offs and suggests the use of natural variability in studying them. The review offers a perspective for future research on plant trade-offs and their application in crop breeding.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hongpeng Lv, Tianfang Wang, Jing Zhang, Zhaolan Liu, Jian Dong, Haotian Xie, Yingying Yang, Peiwen Xue, Yuwen Che, Pengpeng Han
Summary: Facial appearance provides insights into personality traits, particularly in relation to facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR) and mandibular morphology. This study found that males had larger bilateral mandibular line angles, while females had a greater fWHR. Canonical correlation analysis demonstrated that facial features were correlated with personality traits, with the loadings of bilateral mandibular line angles being more significant than fWHR. Moreover, the correlations between these facial features and certain personality factors varied between males and females.
Article
Biology
Monique Nouailhetas Simon, Ann M. Cespedes, Simon P. Lailvaux
Summary: Animals rely on their morphology and performance to survive and reproduce, with differences in the relationship between morphology and performance based on gender.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Fatemeh Boloori, Rashed Khanjani-Shiraz, Hirofumi Fukuyama
Summary: This paper presents a network DEA framework that incorporates value judgments into production analysis, using a proportional trade-off model and introducing the concept of network proportional trade-offs. The author demonstrates the practical application of the framework through a case study of an oil holding company.
COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jiangtao Chen, Huan Zhu, Rong Wang, Xiangbin Su, Zongcai Ruan, Yufeng Pan, Qionglin Peng
Summary: Protein phosphorylation plays a crucial role in sexual development and behavior. This study identified 13 kinases involved in sexual development in Drosophila, with PKA and CASK promoting female sexual behavior. Understanding how kinases regulate neuronal development and physiology provides insights into the robustness of sexual behaviors.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Basabi Bagchi, Quentin Corbel, Imroze Khan, Ellen Payne, Devshuvam Banerji, Johanna Liljestrand-Ronn, Ivain Martinossi-Allibert, Julian Baur, Ahmed Sayadi, Elina Immonen, Goran Arnqvist, Irene Soderhall, David Berger
Summary: Our study reveals that female seed beetles have higher phenoloxidase (PO) activity compared to males, and there are sex differences in the expression of genes in the prophenoloxidase activating cascade. Experimental evolution under enforced monogamy led to a decrease in female PO activity and an increase in tolerance to bacterial infection unrelated to mating. Additionally, female PO activity is correlated with male genitalia harmfulness across 12 species of seed beetles, suggesting that sexual conflict influences sexual dimorphisms in immunity in this group of insects.
Article
Biology
Jeremy S. Morris, James S. Ruff, Wayne K. Potts, David R. Carrier
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2017)
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Jeremy S. Morris, Ellissa K. Brandt
JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2014)
Article
Ecology
Michael A. Rex, Ron J. Etter, Jeremy S. Morris, Jenifer Crouse, Craig R. McClain, Nicholas A. Johnson, Carol T. Stuart, Jody W. Deming, Rebecca Thies, Renee Avery
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
(2006)