Comparison of morphology and genetic diversity between broodstock and hybrid offspring of oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense based on morphological analysis and SNP markers

Hybridization is an effective method for the genetic improvement of farmed species. In this study, three broodstock populations (Changjiang, CJ, Dongting, DT, and Dianshan, DS) of oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense were used, and DS was used as the female broodstock. Through three-line hybridization, two hybrid populations were finally obtained. The F3 generation of the broodstock population and the F1 generation of the hybrid population were cultured indoors for 3 months. Through morphological analysis (cluster analysis, discriminant analysis and path analysis) it was found that the hybrid population and the broodstock had some differences, but not enough to reach the subspecies level, and the dominant traits exhibited differentiation and reorganization. This study identified SNP genetic markers, carried out systematic evolution analysis and genetic diversity analysis and found that the nucleotide diversity pi and heterozygosity Het of the hybrid population were higher than those of the broodstock. Among broodstocks, the differentiation index (F-st) of SCD and SDC was smallest (0.055). This research provides some valuable reference for genetic breeding.

Automated summary

Hybridization of three populations of Oriental river prawn was conducted in this study, leading to the identification of higher nucleotide diversity and heterozygosity in the hybrid population compared to the broodstock. Morphological analysis revealed some differences between the hybrid and broodstock populations, with distinct dominant traits observed. This research provides valuable insights for genetic breeding.