Article
Microbiology
Luyao Liu, Xueying Zhang, Shruti Kayastha, Lihua Tan, Heng Zhang, Jingwen Tan, Linyun Li, Jinghua Mao, Yi Sun
Summary: Invasive candidiasis is a leading cause of mortality in medical environments, and the resistance of Candida species to antifungal drugs is increasing. This study demonstrates that Hsp90 inhibitors have the potential to improve fungal resistance to antifungal drugs. The results provide new insights into the development of drugs against drug-resistant Candida species.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Wenbo Yin, Yuxin Zhang, Hengxian Cui, Hong Jiang, Lei Liu, Yang Zheng, Tianxiao Wu, Liyu Zhao, Yin Sun, Xin Su, Song Li, Dongmei Zhao, Maosheng Cheng
Summary: A series of novel 5-phenylthiophene derivatives were designed and synthesized to combat fungal infections, with compounds 17b and 17f showing significant antifungal activities. These compounds not only prevented the formation of fungal biofilms, but also displayed satisfactory fungicidal activity against various strains. Compound 17f exhibited potent antifungal activity by inhibiting C. albicans CYP51, and both 17b and 17f were almost non-toxic to mammalian cells, indicating their promise as novel antifungal drugs.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Philip E. Alabi, Cecile Gautier, Thomas P. Murphy, Xilin Gu, Mathieu Lepas, Vishukumar Aimanianda, Jason K. Sello, Iuliana V. Ene
Summary: Fungi cause billions of infections each year and have a devastating impact on human health. The limited antifungal arsenal and emerging drug-resistant species necessitate the development of new therapies. A screening effort led to the discovery of small molecules that restore the susceptibility of Candida species to antifungals.
Article
Microbiology
Sana Jemel, Jacques Guillot, Kalthoum Kallel, Gregory Jouvion, Elise Brisebard, Eliane Billaud, Vincent Jullien, Francoise Botterel, Eric Dannaoui
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of VRZ in a G. mellonella model infected with azole-susceptible or azole-resistant A. fumigatus isolates, showing that VRZ was more effective against susceptible isolates. G. mellonella was found to be a suitable model for testing antifungal agents against A. fumigatus.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Shahinda Rezk, Omar Alqabbasi, Asmaa Ramadan, Mohamed Turkey
Summary: This study discovered that Ruta graveolens extract has the ability to inhibit biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in MRSA through downregulation of certain biofilm-forming genes and mecA gene. The findings are significant in reducing reliance on antibiotics and improving the treatment of biofilm-related skin and soft-tissue infections caused by MRSA.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Frieder Fuchs, Alexander Maximilian Aldejohann, Ada Marie Hoffmann, Grit Walther, Oliver Kurzai, Axel G. Hamprecht
Summary: The antifungal activity of nitroxoline was assessed in yeasts from urinary tract infections, and the results showed that nitroxoline is highly effective against various Candida species, regardless of resistance to other antifungal agents.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anelise Maria Costa Vasconcelos Alves, Beatriz Oliveira Lopes, Ana Caroline Rocha de Melo Leite, Gabriela Silva Cruz, erika Helena Salles de Brito, Laritza Ferreira de Lima, Lucia Cernakova, Nuno Filipe Azevedo, Celia Fortuna Rodrigues
Summary: This study characterized mature biofilms of various Candida species obtained from the oral mucosa of children, adults, and elders. It was found that children were more likely to be infected by non-Candida albicans Candida species (NCACs) and these NCACs formed biofilms richer in matrix components. This finding is clinically important, especially in pediatric care, due to the association of stronger biofilms with antimicrobial resistance, recurrent infections, and higher therapeutic failure.
Article
Microbiology
Rui Yuan, Jie Tu, Chunquan Sheng, Xi Chen, Na Liu
Summary: The Hsp90 inhibitor ganetespib shows excellent synergistic antifungal activity in vitro against azole-resistant Candida albicans, significantly inhibiting fungal biofilm formation and down-regulating key resistance genes. In a mouse model, the combination of ganetespib and fluconazole effectively reverses fluconazole resistance and decreases fungal load in the kidneys.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Rukaiyya T. Girase, Iqrar Ahmad, Jong Min Oh, Hoon Kim, Bijo Mathew, Siva K. Vagolu, Tone Tonjum, Nisheeth C. Desai, Dharmarajan Sriram, Jyothi Kumari, Harun M. Patel
Summary: Clotrimazole has shown similar activity as Linezolid against drug-resistant tuberculosis and has less inhibition on MAO enzymes.
ACS MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Farahnaz Hatami, Soheila Manifar, Farnoush Asghari-Paskiabi, Fahimeh Bagheri Amiri, Seyed Ali Nojoumi, Zahra Jahanshiri
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata strains isolated from oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) in head and neck patients. The antifungal susceptibility pattern of 66 clinical isolates of C. glabrata was assessed, as well as the expression of specific genes and possible mutations. The correlation between virulence factors, antifungal susceptibility patterns, and cancer type was also analyzed.
ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Maria Antonia De Francesco
Summary: Infections caused by Aspergillus species pose an important challenge to human health, with the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Early diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance are crucial for determining the appropriate antifungal therapy.
Article
Microbiology
Xin Fan, Clement K. M. Tsui, Xi Chen, Peng Wang, Zhen-jia Liu, Chun-xia Yang
Summary: This study found a high rate of fluconazole resistance in Candida causing urinary tract infections, and this resistance trend appeared earlier than strains causing invasive infections. This resistance could have implications for public health.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Setareh Moghimi, Mohammad Shafiei, Alireza Foroumadi
Summary: Despite the availability of new antifungal drugs, the mortality rate of invasive fungal diseases caused by fungal infection remains high. This review article focuses on the efforts to find effective drugs against azole-resistant candidiasis, covering azole-based compounds, dual target drugs, and new scaffolds. The mechanism of action and SAR studies are also discussed. Experts believe that novel scaffolds/compounds can be found using methods like virtual screening and fragment-based drug discovery.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DISCOVERY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Fernanda Cristina Possamai Rossatto, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Iliana E. Escobar, Pedro Alves D'Azevedo, Karine Rigon Zimmer, Eleftherios Mylonakis
Summary: The study showed that plant polyphenols ellagic acid (EA) and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) demonstrated promising antifungal and antivirulence effects against Candida auris, indicating their potential as novel antifungal agents against drug-resistant infections.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Wanzhen Yang, Jie Tu, Changjin Ji, Zhuang Li, Guiyan Han, Na Liu, Jian Li, Chunquan Sheng
Summary: Researchers developed a new piperidol derivative B2 with improved synergistic antifungal potency, selectivity, and water solubility, which showed strong antifungal activity against azole-resistant Candida albicans in combination with fluconazole.
ACS INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefania Garzoli, Francesca Maggio, Vittorio Vinciguerra, Chiara Rossi, Matthew Gavino Donadu, Annalisa Serio
Summary: This study investigated the chemical composition of Echinacea purpurea and propolis hydroalcoholic solution from northern Italy using SPME-GC-MS and GC-MS after silylation. The antimicrobial activity of the solution was evaluated and the results showed a strong antimicrobial effectiveness. However, the bacterial motility was not affected by the treatment. The EAP hydroalcoholic solution can be considered as a source of bioactive molecules for further investigation.
Article
Oncology
Roberto Gallus, Irene H. Nauta, Linda Marklund, Davide Rizzo, Claudia Crescio, Luca Mureddu, Paolo Tropiano, Giovanni Delogu, Francesco Bussu
Summary: In the current version of TNM (AJCC 8th edition), IHC is recommended for HPV detection in oropharyngeal squamocellular carcinoma. However, its reliability and applicability in different populations, especially in de-intensification protocols, are debatable. This paper discusses its limits and suggests possible actions to overcome these limitations.
Review
Oncology
Alberto Deganello, Alessandra Ruaro, Tommaso Gualtieri, Giulia Berretti, Vittorio Rampinelli, Daniele Borsetto, Sabino Russo, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Marco Ferrari, Francesco Bussu
Summary: During a comprehensive neck dissection, the central compartment of the neck is usually not cleared. The surgical management of occult lymph node metastases at this level is still a matter of debate. This review aims to redefine the principles of management for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers in the central neck compartment while highlighting the lacking evidence and consensus.
Review
Microbiology
Armando De Virgilio, Andrea Costantino, Davide Rizzo, Claudia Crescio, Roberto Gallus, Giuseppe Spriano, Giuseppe Mercante, Bianca Maria Festa, Remo Accorona, Lorenzo Pignataro, Pasquale Capaccio, Francesco Bussu
Summary: This article summarizes the current evidence on the role of transoral robotic surgery in HPV+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. While transoral robotic surgery shows good oncological and functional outcomes in general, there is still insufficient evidence to specifically recommend it for HPV-driven oropharyngeal cancer. However, based on the current evidence, transoral robotic surgery could potentially be a promising strategy for intensifying treatments in HPV-negative oropharyngeal cancer.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Helal F. Hetta, Yasmin N. Ramadan, Alhanouf I. Al-Harbi, Esraa A. Ahmed, Basem Battah, Noura H. Abd Ellah, Stefania Zanetti, Matthew Gavino Donadu
Summary: The wide spread of antibiotic resistance poses a serious global hazard, leading to millions of deaths. The emergence of multidrug resistant microorganisms is a result of the spread and sharing of resistance genes between different bacteria types. Biofilms created by microorganisms further enhance bacterial resistance and the development of multidrug resistant infections. The lack of novel antimicrobial compounds has led to international efforts in developing new antimicrobial agents and innovative techniques for antibiotic administration. Nanotechnology has shown potential in combating multidrug resistance and biofilm infections by utilizing nanomaterial-based therapeutics and their ability to target biofilms and resistant pathogens.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jacopo Galli, Rolando Rolesi, Roberto Gallus, Annalisa Seccia, Alessandro Pedicelli, Francesco Bussu, Emanuele Scarano
Summary: This study investigated the clinical features, surgical outcomes, complications, and follow-up of 98 patients with para-pharyngeal space (PPS) tumors. The results suggest that transoral surgery could be an effective treatment for tumors located in the lower and prestyloid portion of PPS. Additionally, a novel embolization agent called SQUID12 may offer higher devascularization rate and lower risk of systemic dispersion for PPS hyper vascularized tumors.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Otorhinolaryngology
Francesco Bussu, Luca Tagliaferri, Claudia Crescio, Davide Rizzo, Roberto Gallus, Claudio Parrilla, Bruno Fionda, Valentina Lancellotta, Gian Carlo Mattiucci, Jacopo Galli
Summary: This study aims to define the current standard of care for nasal vestibule squamous cell carcinoma (NVSCC). Through reviewing recent acquisitions, it is found that the current staging system is inadequate. Current evidence suggests that brachytherapy is at least equivalent to surgery and superior to external beams in terms of oncological outcomes, and superior to both modalities in terms of cosmesis and function for the treatment of primary lesions without bone invasion.
ACTA OTO-LARYNGOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Willem Frederik Julius Scheurleer, Luca Tagliaferri, Johannes A. A. Rijken, Claudia Crescio, Davide Rizzo, Gian Carlo Mattiucci, Frank A. A. Pameijer, Remco de Bree, Bruno Fionda, Mischa de Ridder, Francesco Bussu
Summary: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the staging systems for cancer of the nasal vestibule. The distribution of stages varied widely among the four evaluated systems, with the classification proposed by Bussu et al. showing the most balanced allocation of patients. The widespread adoption of a single system and the introduction of a designated topography code could improve data reporting and understanding of the disease. Further analysis is needed to determine the best classification system for nasal vestibule carcinoma.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Johannes Delgado-Ospina, Luigi Esposito, Junior Bernardo Molina-Hernandez, Jose Angel Perez-Alvarez, Maria Martuscelli, Clemencia Chaves-Lopez
Summary: This study investigated the influence of cocoa shell particle size on cocoa shell infusion (CSI). The results showed that smaller particle sizes of cocoa shell had higher antioxidant capacity and total phenolic compounds. Smaller particle sizes also led to higher bitterness, acidity, and astringency in the tasting, which was due to the presence of more epicatechin, melanoidins, and proanthocyanidins. The aroma of CSI was characterized by the presence of nonanal, 2-nonanone, tetramethylpyrazine, α-limonene, and linalool. CSI was found to be safe for public health. Reducing particle size is an important step to enhance the functional properties of cocoa shell and improve the quality of CSI.
Review
Microbiology
Yeimmy Peralta-Ruiz, Chiara Rossi, Carlos David Grande-Tovar, Clemencia Chaves-Lopez
Summary: Fruits and vegetables are often affected by postharvest disease, such as anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Chemical fungicides have been the primary approach for control, but greener management using natural substances and microorganisms provides sustainable alternatives. This review presents various methods, including biopolymers, essential oils, and antagonistic microorganisms, as well as exploring climate change effects on the disease. Greener management has the potential to replace chemical fungicides and improve sustainability.
Article
Dermatology
Marco Ferrari, Matthew G. Donadu, Gabriele Biondi, Laura Saderi, Federica Sucato, Maria A. Montesu, Paola Ruggiu, Paola Merella, Carla Chessa, Angela Sias, Gabriella Carmelita, Vittorio Mazzarello, Giovanni Sotgiu, Satta Rosanna
Summary: Health care spending in Italy is high and continues to rise, making it crucial to evaluate the long-term health and economic outcomes of new therapies. This retrospective study examines the direct cost and adverse drug reactions of Dupilumab, a treatment for atopic dermatitis, as well as patients' clinical outcomes.
DERMATOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Francesca Maggio, Annalisa Serio, Chiara Rossi, Chiara Purgatorio, Francesco Buccioni, Clemencia Chaves-Lopez, Antonello Paparella
Summary: This study evaluated the antibiofilm activity of Thymbra capitata (TEO) and Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CEO) against a dual-species biofilm of L. monocytogenes and P. fluorescens, mimicking dairy process conditions. The results showed that CEO significantly reduced the biofilm cell counts of P. fluorescens and L. monocytogenes after 72 hours, but L. monocytogenes evaded CEO treatment and showed minimal reduction in biofilm cells.
ITALIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cristian Locci, Caterina Cenere, Giovanni Sotgiu, Mariangela Valentina Puci, Laura Saderi, Davide Rizzo, Francesco Bussu, Roberto Antonucci
Summary: Adenotonsillectomy (AT) has significant improvements in clinical and functional outcomes for children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), although residual OSAS may occur in severe cases. Long-term post-surgical follow-up is highly recommended.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
