Review
Clinical Neurology
Jeffrey J. Rakofsky, Michael J. Lucido, Boadie W. Dunlop
Summary: This study aimed to determine if there were sufficient differences in the inclusion/exclusion criteria and baseline severity scores of clinical trials to justify their consideration in treatment guidelines. The results revealed significant differences among the studies, indicating that severity of the enrolled patient sample and treatment resistance should be considered when ranking medications in bipolar depression treatment guidelines.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stefan P. Haider, Adnan I. Qureshi, Abhi Jain, Hishan Tharmaseelan, Elisa R. Berson, Tal Zeevi, Shahram Majidi, Christopher G. Filippi, Simon Iseke, Moritz Gross, Julian N. Acosta, Ajay Malhotra, Jennifer A. Kim, Lauren H. Sansing, Guido J. Falcone, Kevin N. Sheth, Seyedmehdi Payabvash
Summary: This study aimed to determine radiomics signature correlates of clinical severity and medium-term outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) using the ATACH-2 trial dataset. The radiomics signatures were found to have a stronger association with admission clinical scores and 3-month outcome compared to hematoma volume, suggesting potential for improving prognostication and treatment triage of ICH patients using imaging biomarkers.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrea Morotti, Gregoire Boulouis, Jawed Nawabi, Qi Li, Andreas Charidimou, Marco Pasi, Frieder Schlunk, Ashkan Shoamanesh, Aristeidis H. Katsanos, Federico Mazzacane, Giorgio Busto, Francesco Arba, Laura Brancaleoni, Sebastiano Giacomozzi, Luigi Simonetti, Andrew D. Warren, Michele Laudisi, Anna Cavallini, M. Edip Gurol, Anand Viswanathan, Andrea Zini, Ilaria Casetta, Enrico Fainardi, Steven M. Greenberg, Alessandro Padovani, Jonathan Rosand, Joshua N. Goldstein
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of hematoma expansion on the prognosis of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage and found a correlation between the degree of hematoma expansion and poor outcome. The association between hematoma expansion and outcome was particularly significant in patients with smaller initial volume.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marius Keute, Meghan T. Miller, Michelle L. Krishnan, Anjali Sadhwani, Stormy Chamberlain, Ronald L. Thibert, Wen-Hann Tan, Lynne M. Bird, Joerg F. Hipp
Summary: The study found that different genetic subtypes of Angelman Syndrome present with different clinical severity, with individuals with UBE3A pathogenic variants and imprinting defects being less affected, while those with uniparental paternal disomy are more severely affected. Individuals with truncating mutations in UBE3A are more impaired than those with missense mutations. Genomic regions beyond UBE3A also contribute to the AS phenotype.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Zhewu Wang, Zachary D. Zuschlag, Ursula S. Myers, Mark Hamner
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of atomoxetine as an adjunctive treatment for Veterans with comorbid ADHD/PTSD. The results showed that atomoxetine demonstrated modest efficacy for ADHD symptoms, but had no impact on quality of life measures and PTSD symptoms.
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Benjamin Maier, Benjamin Gory, Bertrand Lapergue, Igor Sibon, Sebastien Richard, Maeva Kyheng, Julien Labreuche, Jean-Philippe Desilles, Raphael Blanc, Michel Piotin, Mikael Mazighi, Jean-Michel Halimi
Summary: This study investigates the impact of prestroke antihypertensive treatments (AHT) on baseline stroke severity and neurological outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. The results suggest that AIS patients treated with RAS inhibitor agents before stroke exhibited less severe stroke, had fewer occurrences of intracranial hemorrhage, and showed a trend towards better NIHSS scores at 24 hours compared to those under non-RAS inhibitor treatments.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Vural ozdemir, Laszlo Endrenyi
Summary: This article discusses the examples of variability science, such as pharmacogenomics, nutrigenomics, vaccinomics, and plant omics, within the framework of personalized medicine. It also highlights the importance of understanding the placebo response and the nocebo effect in clinical trials and personalized healthcare, as well as the potential impact of social movements on these effects.
OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Steffen Berweck, Marcin Bonikowski, Heakyung Kim, Michael Althaus, Birgit Flatau-Baque, Daniela Mueller, Marta Dagmara Banach
Summary: The study confirmed the efficacy and safety of repeated injections of incobotulinumtoxinA for treatment of chronic sialorrhea associated with neurologic disorders in children and adolescents.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Lucas A. McLindon, Gabriel James, Michael M. Beckmann, Julia Bertolone, Kassam Mahomed, Monica Vane, Teresa Baker, Monique Gleed, Sandra Grey, Linda Tettamanzi, Ben Willem J. Mol, Wentao Li
Summary: In women with threatened miscarriage, progesterone supplementation until the completion of the first trimester of pregnancy does not increase the probability of live birth.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Anthony Lembo, John M. Kelley, Judy Nee, Sarah Ballou, Johanna Iturrino, Vivian Cheng, Vikram Rangan, Jesse Katon, William Hirsch, Irving Kirsch, Kathryn Hall, Roger B. Davis, Ted J. Kaptchuk
Summary: In the study on irritable bowel syndrome, open-label placebo (OLP) treatment was found to be superior to no-pill control (NPC) and had similar efficacy to double-blind placebo (DBP).
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Yuen-Siang Ang, Gerard E. Bruder, John G. Keilp, Ashleigh Rutherford, Daniel M. Alschuler, Pia Pechtel, Christian A. Webb, Thomas Carmody, Maurizio Fava, Cristina Cusin, Patrick J. McGrath, Myrna Weissman, Ramin Parsey, Maria A. Oquendo, Melvin G. McInnis, Crystal M. Cooper, Patricia Deldin, Madhukar H. Trivedi, Diego A. Pizzagalli
Summary: This study investigated whether neurocognitive variables could predict the response to antidepressant treatment. The results suggest that quick and non-invasive behavioral tests may have substantial clinical value in predicting antidepressant treatment response.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xue-Jun Kong, Jun Liu, Kevin Liu, Madelyn Koh, Hannah Sherman, Siyu Liu, Ruiyi Tian, Piyawat Sukijthamapan, Jiuju Wang, Michelle Fong, Lei Xu, Cullen Clairmont, Min-Seo Jeong, Alice Li, Maria Lopes, Veronica Hagan, Tess Dutton, Suk-Tak (Phoebe) Chan, Hang Lee, Amy Kendall, Kenneth Kwong, Yiqing Song
Summary: The combination therapy of probiotics PS128 and oxytocin has shown significant therapeutic effects on individuals with ASD, including improvements in social behavior and overall clinical outcomes. Additionally, positive changes in gut microbiome were observed after combination therapy, which may be closely related to the improvement in social cognition in patients.
Article
Neurosciences
Pascal Roullet, Guillaume Vaiva, Etienne Very, Axel Bourcier, Antoine Yrondi, Laetitia Dupuch, Pierre Lamy, Claire Thalamas, Laurence Jasse, Wissam El Hage, Philippe Birmes
Summary: The study demonstrated that using propranolol during traumatic memory reactivation can reduce PTSD symptoms, especially for patients with severe symptoms. However, the post-treatment effect may be influenced by the severity of baseline PTSD symptoms.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gregor S. Reiter, Luca Schwarzenbacher, Daniel Schartmueller, Veronika Roeggla, Christina Leydolt, Rupert Menapace, Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth, Stefan Sacu
Summary: This study investigated the impact of age-related lens opacities and advanced cataract on quantitative autofluorescence (qAF) measurements before and after cataract surgery. Results showed a significant increase in qAF values post-surgery, with LOCS III grading being closely associated with post-surgical qAF values, especially in elderly patients with retinal diseases.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Developmental
Erin Henneberry, Martine Lamy, Kelli C. Dominick, Craig A. Erickson
Summary: Drug treatment research in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has made significant progress in recent decades, particularly in improving the ability to treat behavioral challenges. However, there are still unmet medical needs, such as the lack of approved drug therapies for the core symptoms of autism.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Yael Travis-Lumer, Arad Kodesh, Yair Goldberg, Sophia Frangou, Stephen Z. Levine
Summary: This study aims to investigate the association between COVID-19 pandemic exposure and suicide attempt rates. The findings suggest that there is a negative association between the interval exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic and the risk of suicide attempts. However, the projections indicate that the suicide attempt rate may increase 10 months after lifting social mitigation policies.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Sayuri Nakane, Sachiko Tanaka-Mizuno, Chika Nishiyama, Kenji Kochi, Madoka Yamamoto-Sasaki, Masato Takeuchi, Yusuke Ogawa, Yuko Doi, Masaru Arai, Yosuke Fujii, Toshiyuki Matsunaga, Toshiaki A. Furukawa, Koji Kawakami
Summary: Little is known about the prescription patterns of antipsychotic drugs among children and adolescents in Japan, particularly in outpatient settings. This study investigated the prevalence and trends of antipsychotic prescription among outpatients aged <= 17 years from 2006 to 2012. The results showed that the most common prescription pattern was second-generation antipsychotic monotherapy, with risperidone being the most frequently prescribed drug.
CHILD PSYCHIATRY & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Felix Brandl, Franziska Knolle, Mihai Avram, Claudia Leucht, Igor Yakushev, Josef Priller, Stefan Leucht, Sibylle Ziegler, Klaus Wunderlich, Christian Sorg
Summary: Negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia are highly prevalent and debilitating. This study found that impaired model-free reward prediction influence is a mechanism for negative symptoms in schizophrenia, and it is associated with reduced associative striatum dopamine and executive dysfunction.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Myrto T. Samara, Stephen Z. Levine, Stefan Leucht
Summary: The study aims to understand and interpret the clinical significance of the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) scores by examining their linkages with the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) ratings. The results of the study provide clinicians with meaningful cutoff values to interpret YMRS scores, which can contribute to the definition of treatment targets, response, remission, and entry criteria in mania trials.
PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Letter
Psychology, Clinical
Yan Luo, Toshi A. Furukawa
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yusuke Tsutsumi, Yasushi Tsujimoto, Aran Tajika, Kenji Omae, Tomoko Fujii, Akira Onishi, Yuki Kataoka, Morihiro Katsura, Hisashi Noma, Ethan Sahker, Edoardo Giuseppe Ostinelli, Toshi A. Furukawa
Summary: The study examines the magnitude and variability of contextual effects (PCE) in placebo-controlled trials across various interventions. The results show that subjective outcomes are influenced more by specific intervention effects compared to objective or semiobjective outcomes. The study highlights the importance of considering each PCE individually in different clinical settings.
BMJ EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Tatsuo Akechi, Takuhiro Yamaguchi, Megumi Uchida, Fuminobu Imai, Kanae Momino, Fujika Katsuki, Naomi Sakurai, Tempei Miyaji, Tomoe Mashiko, Masaru Horikoshi, Toshi A. Furukawa, Akiyo Yoshimura, Shinji Ohno, Natsue Uehiro, Kenji Higaki, Yoshie Hasegawa, Kazuhisa Akahane, Yosuke Uchitomi, Hiroji Iwata
Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness of smartphone problem-solving therapy and behavioral activation applications in breast cancer survivors. The results showed that smartphone psychotherapy offers a promising way to reduce fear of cancer recurrence in this population.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Orestis Efthimiou, Jeroen Hoogland, Thomas P. A. Debray, Michael Seo, Toshiaki A. Furukawa, Matthias Egger, Ian R. White
Summary: When individual patient data from a randomized trial are available, statistical and machine learning methods can be used to develop models for predicting treatment effects and guide personalized treatment choices. This article proposes measures to evaluate personalized treatment effect predictions, including discrimination and calibration. The methods are applicable to different outcome types and prediction models.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Tasnim Hamza, Konstantina Chalkou, Fabio Pellegrini, Jens Kuhle, Pascal Benkert, Johannes Lorscheider, Chiara Zecca, Cynthia P. Iglesias-Urrutia, Andrea Manca, Toshi A. Furukawa, Andrea Cipriani, Georgia Salanti
Summary: In network meta-analysis (NMA), all relevant evidence about health outcomes with competing treatments is synthesized. The evidence can come from randomized clinical trials (RCT) or non-randomized studies (NRS) as individual participant data (IPD) or aggregate data (AD). A suite of Bayesian NMA and network meta-regression (NMR) models are introduced to allow for cross-design and cross-format synthesis. The models integrate a three-level hierarchical model for synthesizing IPD and AD into four approaches, accounting for differences in design and risk of bias (RoB) in the evidence.
RESEARCH SYNTHESIS METHODS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Leonie Reichelt, Orestis Efthimiou, Stefan Leucht, Johannes Schneider-Thoma
Summary: This study compares the risk of seizures between second-generation antipsychotics and placebo in randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs), and finds that there is no evidence to suggest that second-generation antipsychotics cause seizures in most diagnostic groups.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shimeng Dong, Johannes Schneider-Thoma, Irene Bighelli, Spyridon Siafis, Dongfang Wang, Angelika Burschinski, Kristina Schestag, Myrto Samara, Stefan Leucht
Summary: In this network meta-analysis, the efficacy and adverse events of different antipsychotics in treatment-resistant schizophrenia were examined. The results showed that clozapine and olanzapine were more effective in relieving symptoms compared to other drugs. Clozapine remains the gold standard for patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia, while olanzapine can be considered as an alternative option.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Hisashi Noma, Yasuyuki Hamura, Shonosuke Sugasawa, Toshi A. Furukawa
Summary: Network meta-analysis has been widely used in evidence-based medicine to evaluate the effectiveness of multiple treatments. The prediction interval, which incorporates uncertainties and heterogeneity, is an important output of network meta-analysis. However, current standard methods based on t-distribution have been found to underestimate uncertainty in realistic situations. In this study, we propose two new methods based on bootstrap and Kenward-Roger adjustment to construct more accurate prediction intervals.
RESEARCH SYNTHESIS METHODS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Toshi A. Furukawa, Susumu Iwata, Masaru Horikoshi, Masatsugu Sakata, Rie Toyomoto, Yan Luo, Aran Tajika, Noriko Kudo, Eiji Aramaki
Summary: This study investigated the potential use of artificial intelligence and natural language processing to facilitate cognitive restructuring in internet cognitive-behavior therapy. The language model T5 was used to predict thoughts and feelings, and the accuracy of the predictions was validated. The results showed that correctly predicted thought-feeling pairs led to more effective reduction of negative emotions in cognitive restructuring.
COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ryuhei So, Naoki Emura, Kozue Okazaki, Sakiko Takeda, Takashi Sunami, Kohei Kitagawa, Yoshitake Takebayashi, Toshi A. Furukawa
Summary: This study compared the effects of therapist-guided internet interventions with unguided ones on gambling behavior, cognition, and stage of change. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the guided and unguided groups in terms of improvement in gambling symptoms, behavior, and stage of change.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)