Population Dynamics, Fecundity and Fatty Acid Composition of Oithona nana (Cyclopoida, Copepoda), Fed on Different Diets

Simple Summary Marine larval production is the most critical stage in the life of the marine aquacultured species, which depends on the use of different zooplanktonic organisms as live feed. Copepods are high-quality live prey that could be efficiently used to overcome the transition period from live food to weaning with an artificial diet in the post-larval stages. The main culture systems of copepods use microalgae as uni-food, nevertheless for the more sustainable and cost-efficient production of copepods, the development of artificial diets is the core of its production techniques. The present study was conducted to improve the production and nutritional quality of copepod, Oithona nana, using different diets (soybean, yeast, rice bran, and corn starch). Among all diets, corn starch revealed the highest population growth. Meanwhile, animals nourished by rice bran showed the highest percent of copepodite, nauplii, and fecundity. The nutritional quality of copepods referred to fatty acids profile showed a high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids in copepods fed on rice bran. In conclusion, the dry feeds are very applicable, more economic, and simply alternative diets to substitute microalgae and maximize the fecundity and population of O. nana in fish hatcheries. The marine copepod species Oithona nana is considered as one of the most successfully mass cultured Cyclopoida species in marine hatcheries. This study investigated the effects of four feed diets (soybean, yeast, rice bran, and corn starch) on the population growth, growth rate, population composition, fecundity, and fatty acid composition of native isolated Cyclopoida copepod species O. nana. The experiment was continued for 15 days and the copepods were fed on one of the four diets with a concentration of 1 g 10(-6) individual day(-1). The results revealed that corn starch was found to be the most supportive diet for population growth and population growth rate. For nutritional value, copepods fed on rice bran were detected to have the highest content of MUFA, PUFA, and the lowest SFA and SFA/UFA ratio; more importantly, the rice bran diet was the only treatment that showed C20:5 omega 3. Moreover, copepods fed on rice bran showed the highest significant female fecundity, copepodite, and nauplii percent. Finally, the protocols described in the current study concluded that the dry feeds, especially corn starch, are very useful and applicable in hatcheries for maximizing the fecundity and density of Cyclopoida copepod species, O. nana.

Automated summary

The study aimed to improve the production and nutritional quality of copepod, Oithona nana, using different diets (soybean, yeast, rice bran, and corn starch). Among all diets, corn starch revealed the highest population growth, while animals nourished by rice bran showed the highest percent of copepodite, nauplii, and fecundity. Overall, dry feeds, especially corn starch, are very useful and applicable in hatcheries for maximizing the fecundity and density of Cyclopoida copepod species, O. nana.