Article
Cell Biology
Sebastian Baenfer, Sophie Kutscher, Fenja Fleck, Martina Dienst, Christian Preusser, Elke Pogge von Strandmann, Ralf Jacob
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate that E-cadherin can be recruited into the membrane of extracellular vesicles through a specific domain in its cytoplasmic tail that interacts with Tsg101. This finding contributes to a better understanding of the formation and function of extracellular vesicles.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Raudenska, Jan Balvan, Michal Masarik
Summary: Autophagy plays a crucial role in organelle turnover, protein quality control, metabolism, and unconventional secretory pathways. The clinical results of autophagy inhibitors are encouraging, but their non-specific effects, such as impacts on endosome-related secretory pathways and extracellular vesicle secretion, need to be further explored. Modulation of autophagy can significantly impact the quantity and content of extracellular vesicles, which is important for both pro-tumourigenic or anticancer effects in cancer treatment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dongmei Liu, Muriel Mari, Xia Li, Fulvio Reggiori, Susan Ferro-Novick, Peter Novick
Summary: This study discovered a process called ER-phagy, which selectively delivers fragments of the endoplasmic reticulum to the lysosome or vacuole in response to starvation or the accumulation of misfolded proteins. The loss of specific genes and proteins blocks the association between the autophagy receptor and the assembly scaffold protein, and a membrane contact site module is also found to be involved in ER-phagy.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Mohadeseh Nemati, Bipin Singh, Rakeeb Ahmad Mir, Mahdieh Nemati, Azadeh Babaei, Mahdi Ahmadi, Yousef Rasmi, Afsaneh Gholinejad Golezani, Jafar Rezaie
Summary: Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (P-EVs) have multiple functions in plant physiology and can be isolated from various plant species. P-EVs have potential applications in cell-free therapy and drug-delivery systems, but clinical translation faces challenges.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Valeria Barreca, Zaira Boussadia, Deborah Polignano, Lorenzo Galli, Valentina Tirelli, Massimo Sanchez, Mario Falchi, Lucia Bertuccini, Francesca Iosi, Massimo Tatti, Massimo Sargiacomo, Maria Luisa Fiani
Summary: This study presents an effective methodology for labelling small extracellular vesicles and provides new insights into the characteristics and protein markers of these labelled exosomes, offering new avenues for investigating exosome biogenesis and functional properties.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Urszula Szwedowicz, Zofia Lapinska, Agnieszka Gajewska-Naryniecka, Anna Choromanska
Summary: Until 30 years ago, extracellular vesicles (EVs) were believed to be used for removing unnecessary compounds from cells. However, their enormous potential for diagnosing and treating diseases has now been recognized. EVs play a crucial role in intercellular communication by transferring bioactive molecules between cells. Compared to lab-created drug nanocarriers, EVs are more stable in physiological conditions and have lower immunogenicity and cytotoxicity. EVs can deliver cargo to specific cells due to their membrane proteins and lipids. New strategies have been developed to create tailor-made therapeutic EVs. However, there are significant challenges in applying EVs as drug-delivery agents in clinical settings.
Article
Biology
Dmitry Ter-Ovanesyan, Tal Gilboa, Bogdan Budnik, Adele Nikitina, Sara Whiteman, Roey Lazarovits, Wendy Trieu, David Kalish, George M. Church, David R. Walt, Marcio L. Rodrigues
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are challenging to separate from abundant free proteins and lipoproteins. We developed a digital ELISA assay to measure ApoB-100, a protein component of lipoproteins, and combined it with other assays to quantify the separation of EVs from lipoproteins and free proteins. We compared EV separation using different pore sizes in size exclusion chromatography and developed improved methods for EV isolation using multiple types of chromatography resins. Our approach allows quantitative measurement of impurities in EV isolation and enables novel methods for enriching EVs from human plasma.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sedighe Khaksari, Khalil Abnous, Farzin Hadizadeh, Mohammad Ramezani, Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi, Seyed Ali Mousavi Shaegh
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed vesicles secreted from mammalian cells, which act as multi-component delivery vehicles for intercellular communications. Probing circulating EVs has great potential for early diagnostics of diseases, and biosensors have attracted attention in the identification of EVs due to their simplicity and portability. Amplification strategies, including various detection modalities and microfluidic systems, are essential for detecting the extremely low concentrations of EVs in bodily fluids at early stages of a disease.
Review
Cell Biology
Lana Ginini, Salem Billan, Eran Fridman, Ziv Gil
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial heterogenous lipid structures secreted by cells for cell-to-cell communication. EVs primarily enter cells through endocytosis, a process that may depend on proteins and lipids on the surfaces of both vesicles and target cells.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tingting Chen, Fang Wang, Jiayi Wei, Le Feng
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by almost all cell types and present in almost all biological fluids. They have been found to have potential roles in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Changes in EVs' quantity and content can function as biomarkers for the pathological status of DR, such as inflammation, neovascularization, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In addition, as natural, safe, and efficient drug carriers, EVs play crucial roles in intercellular communication by delivering essential cell-specific information to target cells. This review summarizes the roles of EVs secreted by various cell types and involved in various biological processes in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of DR.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Denis Voronin, Benjamin L. Makepeace
Summary: This study compared the development of Drosophila species with systemic or restricted infections and found that the restricted pattern is determined by an autophagic process, which has important implications for evolution and control of Wolbachia infections.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lok Wai Cola Ho, Cecilia Ka Wing Chan, Ruifang Han, Yolanda Fong Yung Lau, Huize Li, Yi-Ping Ho, Xiaohong Zhuang, Chung Hang Jonathan Choi
Summary: Understanding the mechanism of nanoparticle exocytosis from cells is important for designing nanoparticles with desirable cellular retention for nanomedicine applications. This study investigates the exocytosis mechanism of dodecyl-terminated, polyethylene glycol-coated gold nanoparticles and finds that the presence of alkyl chains promotes cellular uptake and improves exocytosis efficiency.
Article
Biology
Dovydas Gecys, Arunas Kazlauskas, Emilija Gecyte, Neringa Pauziene, Deimante Kulakauskiene, Indre Lukminaite, Aiste Jekabsone
Summary: This study explores the potential of genetically engineered extracellular vesicles to improve drug delivery in glioblastoma cells. The results show that introducing the RGD ligand significantly increases the internalisation of extracellular vesicles by GBM cells, leading to improved drug delivery efficacy.
Article
Cell Biology
Tom G. Keulers, Sten F. Libregts, Joel E. J. Beaumont, Kim G. Savelkouls, Johan Bussink, Hans Duimel, Ludwig Dubois, Marijke Zonneveld, Carmen Lopez-Iglesias, Karel Bezstarosti, Jeroen A. Demmers, Marc Vooijs, Marca Wauben, Kasper M. A. Rouschop
Summary: GABARAPL1 is essential for cargo loading and secretion of extracellular vesicles, with GABARAPL1(+)EVs being detectable and targetable for blocking pro-angiogenic effects. Silencing GABARAPL1 results in impaired early endosomal pathway and secretion of EVs with pro-angiogenic properties, affecting tumor growth and therapy efficacy.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hang Li, Shuya Zhao, Mian Jiang, Tong Zhu, Jinjian Liu, Guoxing Feng, Lu Lu, Jiali Dong, Xin Wu, Xin Chen, Yu Zhao, Saijun Fan
Summary: This study found that exosomes derived from mice exposed to total body irradiation can protect recipient mice against radiation-induced gut injury. MiR-142, highly expressed in exosomes, plays a key role in mediating the protective effect against radiation enteritis by improving the intestinal microenvironment. Biomodification of exosomes through enhancing miR-142 expression and intestinal specificity can further improve the protection against radiation enteritis.
Article
Cell Biology
Dong Lin, Venu Reddy, Hanadi Osman, Adriana Lopez, Ali Riza Koksal, Sadeq Mutlab Rhadhi, Srikanta Dash, Yucel Aydin
Summary: Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), even though DAA treatment can lower the risk, some patients still develop HCC after DAA therapy. Research found that Wnt/β-catenin signaling remains active in chronic HCV-infected patients after DAA treatment, but metformin may reverse this pathway to treat HCV-associated HCC.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Venu Reddy, Sri Ramulu Torati, Rajeswari Dhanikonda, Sudha Mohan Reddy Satti, Sanjay Bandi
Summary: A protein-assisted method using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a stabilizing agent is presented for the synthesis of Cobalt sulfide (CoS) nanostructures with various morphologies. By adjusting the volume ratio of Cobalt (Co) to Sulfur (S) and the amount of BSA, different shapes of CoS nanostructures can be obtained.
COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
K. Raghu Babu, J. Jeevan Kumar, G. Suseela Bai, Jay Singh, Venu Reddy
Summary: A biomolecule assisted method was developed for synthesizing PbS nanocrystals in aqueous phase using CMC as the capping/stabilizing agent. The morphology of the nanocrystals varied depending on the amount of CMC used. The resulted PbS nanocrystals showed good catalytic activity for chemical reduction.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Keisuke Abe, Rutuja Kibe, Kurahara David, Venu Reddy, Bridget Allard, Marissa Fakaosita
Summary: Scurvy, a condition resulting from vitamin C deficiency, typically presents with dermatological issues and tooth loss, but cardiac symptoms can also occur. Symptoms of scurvy can rapidly improve with vitamin C supplementation.
PAEDIATRICS AND INTERNATIONAL CHILD HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mehmet Bayram, Ozgur Yildirim, Raye S. Ozmen, Beyza Soylu, Ahmet S. Dundar, Ali R. Koksal, Iskender Ekinci, Murat Akarsu, Omur Tabak
Summary: The study showed that the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and the CRP, age, platelet count, albumin level (CAPA) score are effective in predicting mortality and ICU admission in COVID-19 patients. The CAPA score performed better in predicting death and ICU admission.
BIOMARKERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Mehmet Bayram, Kader Irak, Sami Cifci, Ali Riza Koksal, Cemal Kazezoglu, Zuat Acar, Halil Onur Ozari, Huseyin Alkim
Summary: This study found that serum FGF 19 and SHP levels were significantly higher in pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). High SHP levels were effective in predicting the need for neonatal intensive care unit (ICU) and showed negative correlation with birth week and birth weight.
JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Narayanam Phani Satyanarayana Acharyulu, Arya Sohan, Pravallika Banoth, Srinivasu Chintalapati, Sejal Doshi, Venu Reddy, Chella Santhosh, Andrews Nirmala Grace, Luis De Los Santos Valladares, Pratap Kollu
Summary: This study prepared nickel ferrite nanoparticles and nickel/nickel ferrite graphene oxide nanocomposites and evaluated their toxic effects on E. coli cells. The results showed that the nanocomposites induced cell death in E. coli through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and oxidative stress.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
B. S. Diwakar, D. Rajeswari, Jay Singh, P. Haritha, S. Srinivasa Rao, V. Swaminadham, B. Tirupathi Rao, Venu Reddy
Summary: We have developed a method for preparing cobalt sulfide nanoparticles using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a stabilizing agent. The shape and aggregation of the nanoparticles can be controlled by varying the concentration of CMC. The stabilized nanoparticles exhibit good catalytic activity for chemical reduction.
JOURNAL OF CLUSTER SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Zaid Khreefa, Mallory T. T. Barbier, Ali Riza Koksal, Gordon Love, Luis Del Valle
Summary: The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has rapidly spread worldwide, causing a global pandemic. In addition to respiratory symptoms, the virus can also affect the gastrointestinal system. GI symptoms such as anorexia, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea have been reported. The virus can potentially be transmitted through the fecal-oral route, and viral RNA has been detected in blood samples of infected patients, indicating hematologic dissemination.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Lalitha Ammadu Kolahalam, Bhagavatula S. Diwakar, I. V. Kasi Viswanath, Venu Reddy, N. Krishna Jyothi, Jaya Singh
Summary: The research paper discusses the synthesis and characterization of silver and copper doped nano lanthanum ferrites using the sol-gel method. The study investigates the dielectric properties, magnetic properties, and catalytic applications of the synthesized materials. The results show that the doping of silver and copper decreases the dielectric properties and influences the magnetic properties. The doped LaFeO3 nanomaterials exhibit improved catalytic performance.
JOURNAL OF NANOSTRUCTURES
(2022)