Article
Cell Biology
Yu Fujita, Tokio Hoshina, Juntaro Matsuzaki, Yusuke Yoshioka, Tsukasa Kadota, Yusuke Hosaka, Shota Fujimoto, Hironori Kawamoto, Naoaki Watanabe, Kenji Sawaki, Yohei Sakamoto, Makiko Miyajima, Kwangyole Lee, Kazuhiko Nakaharai, Tetsuya Horino, Ryo Nakagawa, Jun Araya, Mitsuru Miyato, Masaki Yoshida, Kazuyoshi Kuwano, Takahiro Ochiya
Summary: The study identified EV COPB2 protein as a potential early predictive biomarker for severity of COVID-19, showing excellent predictive value in both discovery and validation cohorts.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jing Guo, Shuting Wang, He Xia, Ding Shi, Yu Chen, Shufa Zheng, Yanfei Chen, Hainv Gao, Feifei Guo, Zhongkang Ji, Chenjie Huang, Rui Luo, Yan Zhang, Jian Zuo, Yunbo Chen, Yan Xu, Jiafeng Xia, Chunxia Zhu, Xiaowei Xu, Yunqing Qiu, Jifang Sheng, Kaijin Xu, Lanjuan Li
Summary: This study identified a strong correlation between cytokine levels and disease severity in early-stage COVID-19 patients. Serum cytokines can be used as warning indicators for the progression and severity of COVID-19. Analysis of cytokines could predict the severity and progression of COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Ralph Wendt, Marie-Therese Lingitz, Maria Laggner, Michael Mildner, Denise Traxler, Alexandra Graf, Pavla Krotka, Bernhard Moser, Konrad Hoetzenecker, Sven Kalbitz, Christoph Luebbert, Joachim Beige, Hendrik Jan Ankersmit
Summary: Researchers have found that COVID-19 patients show increased levels of immune decay and immune suppressive proteins in their serum samples, which are associated with mortality, invasive ventilation, and oxygen support. These findings suggest that COVID-19 may cause immunological disintegration, indicating the need for cytoprotective therapeutic interventions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beate Heissig, Yousef Salama, Roman Iakoubov, Joerg Janne Vehreschild, Ricardo Rios, Tatiane Nogueira, Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild, Melanie Stecher, Hirotake Mori, Julia Lanznaster, Eisuke Adachi, Carolin Jakob, Yoko Tabe, Maria Ruethrich, Stefan Borgmann, Toshio Naito, Kai Wille, Simon Valenti, Martin Hower, Nobutaka Hattori, Siegbert Rieg, Tetsutaro Nagaoka, Bjoern-Erik Jensen, Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi, Bernd Hertenstein, Hideoki Ogawa, Christoph Wyen, Eiki Kominami, Christoph Roemmele, Satoshi Takahashi, Jan Rupp, Kazuhisa Takahashi, Frank Hanses, Koichi Hattori
Summary: This study compares the disease progression and risk factors of COVID-19 patients in Germany and Japan, finding that ethnicity, comorbidities, and biomarker expression may be associated with disease severity and progression.
Review
Cell Biology
Kailyn J. Wanhella, Carlos Fernandez-Patron
Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in over 3 million deaths worldwide in a year and a half. While most infected individuals show mild symptoms, some may develop severe illness and die. Biomarkers can help predict disease severity and outcomes, but socioeconomic factors also play a significant role.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Guillaume Chassagnon, Maria Vakalopoulou, Enzo Battistella, Stergios Christodoulidis, Trieu-Nghi Hoang-Thi, Severine Dangeard, Eric Deutsch, Fabrice Andre, Enora Guillo, Nara Halm, Stefany El Hajj, Florian Bompard, Sophie Neveu, Chahinez Hani, Ines Saab, Alienor Campredon, Hasmik Koulakian, Souhail Bennani, Gael Freche, Maxime Barat, Aurelien Lombard, Laure Fournier, Hippolyte Monnier, Teodor Grand, Jules Gregory, Yann Nguyen, Antoine Khalil, Elyas Mahdjoub, Pierre-Yves Brillet, Stephane Tran Ba, Valerie Bousson, Ahmed Mekki, Robert-Yves Carlier, Marie-Pierre Revel, Nikos Paragios
Summary: The study examines the use of medical imaging and artificial intelligence for disease quantification, staging, and outcome prediction of COVID-19. The approach relies on automatic deep learning-based disease quantification and a data-driven consensus for staging and outcome prediction of patients. Promising results and comparisons with expert human readers demonstrate the potentials of the approach.
MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Helena Enocsson, Cornelia Idoff, Annette Gustafsson, Melissa Govender, Francis Hopkins, Marie Larsson, Asa Nilsdotter-Augustinsson, Johanna Sjowall
Summary: Admission levels of suPAR were higher in patients with severe/critical COVID-19 and correlated with length of hospital stay. Additionally, suPAR functioned as an independent predictor of COVID-19 disease severity.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Zachary M. Holliday, Alexander P. Earhart, Mohammed M. Alnijoumi, Armin Krvavac, Lee-Ann H. Allen, Adam G. Schrum
Summary: The study found that dornase alfa can improve oxygenation and decrease lung DNA : MPO complexes in patients with ARDS secondary to COVID-19, showing potential benefits. However, these effects were only effective during the period of drug delivery.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mads Delbo Larsen, Erik L. de Graaf, Myrthe E. Sonneveld, H. Rosina Plomp, Jan Nouta, Willianne Hoepel, Hung-Jen Chen, Federica Linty, Remco Visser, Maximilian Brinkhaus, Tonci Sustic, Steven W. de Taeye, Arthur E. H. Bentlage, Suvi Toivonen, Carolien A. M. Koeleman, Susanna Sainio, Neeltje A. Kootstra, Philip J. M. Brouwer, Chiara Elisabeth Geyer, Ninotska I. L. Derksen, Gertjan Wolbink, Menno de Winther, Rogier W. Sanders, Marit J. van Gils, Sanne de Bruin, Alexander P. J. Vlaar, Theo Rispens, Jeroen den Dunnen, Hans L. Zaaijer, Manfred Wuhrer, C. Ellen van dDer Schoot, Gestur Vidarsson
Summary: This study reveals that afucosylated IgG antibodies are specifically formed against enveloped viruses, but not generally against other antigens. These antibodies enhance Fc gamma RIIIa responses, but also exacerbate cytokine storms and immune-mediated pathologies.
Article
Cell Biology
Sudarshan Krishnamurthy, Richard F. Lockey, Narasaiah Kolliputi
Summary: Soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (sACE2) is a potential therapeutic option for treating COVID-19 infection by competing with native ACE2 on cell surfaces for binding with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, thereby alleviating the inflammatory response.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ljubomir Buturovic, Hong Zheng, Benjamin Tang, Kevin Lai, Win Sen Kuan, Mark Gillett, Rahul Santram, Maryam Shojaei, Raquel Almansa, Jose Angel Nieto, Sonsoles Munoz, Carmen Herrero, Nikolaos Antonakos, Panayiotis Koufargyris, Marina Kontogiorgi, Georgia Damoraki, Oliver Liesenfeld, James Wacker, Uros Midic, Roland Luethy, David Rawling, Melissa Remmel, Sabrina Coyle, Yiran E. Liu, Aditya M. Rao, Denis Dermadi, Jiaying Toh, Lara Murphy Jones, Michele Donato, Purvesh Khatri, Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Timothy E. Sweeney
Summary: This study developed a blood-based host-gene-expression classifier for predicting the severity of viral infections and validated it in various viral infection settings, including COVID-19. The classifier showed good accuracy and predictive performance in identifying the severity of COVID-19 patients. It has the potential to assist in risk assessment and treatment decisions for COVID-19 and other acute viral infections.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Guojun Qian, Hongwei Fang, Anning Chen, Zhun Sun, Meiying Huang, Mengyuan Luo, Erdeng Cheng, Shengyi Zhang, Xiaokai Wang, Hao Fang
Summary: This study identified hub genes, shared pathways, molecular biomarkers, and candidate therapeutics for managing sepsis and sepsis-induced ARDS in the context of COVID-19 infection. The investigation revealed differentially expressed genes shared among COVID-19 and sepsis datasets, and key hub genes were validated using murine sepsis-ARDS models and blood samples from geriatric patients. The study provided insights into the immune response in geriatric patients with sepsis-induced ARDS, highlighted the association between sepsis/sepsis-ARDS and COVID-19, and proposed potential alternative pathways for targeted therapeutic interventions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Darakhshan Sohail Ahmed, Stephane Isnard, Carolina Berini, John Lin, Jean-Pierre Routy, Lena Royston
Summary: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism. It is produced in response to mitochondrial stress, tissue damage, or hypoxia, and is considered one of the strongest predictors of disease severity in inflammatory conditions, cancers, and infections. Although the exact mechanisms are still unclear, GDF-15 is believed to have tissue-protective effects through sympathetic and metabolic adaptation in the context of mitochondrial damage. This review discusses the emergence of GDF-15 as a distinct marker of viral infection severity, particularly in the context of COVID-19. It critically evaluates the role of GDF-15 as an inflammation-induced mediator of disease tolerance, involving metabolic and immune reprogramming. The review also explores potential mechanisms of GDF-15 elevation during COVID-19 cytokine storm and its limitations. Overall, GDF-15 appears to be involved in disease tolerance to viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2, and may serve as a target for novel therapeutic interventions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Filomena Napolitano, Gaetano Di Spigna, Maria Vargas, Carmine Iacovazzo, Biagio Pinchera, Daniela Spalletti Cernia, Margherita Ricciardone, Bianca Covelli, Giuseppe Servillo, Ivan Gentile, Loredana Postiglione, Nunzia Montuori
Summary: The study suggests soluble urokinase receptor (suPAR) as a serum biomarker for clinical severity and outcome in COVID-19 patients, prompting increased clinical attention on patients with high suPAR levels.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Vargovic, Neven Papic, Lara Samadan, Mirjana Balen Topic, Adriana Vince
Summary: This study found that serum semaphorin concentrations are associated with the severity and outcomes of COVID-19. SEMA3C, SEMA3F, and SEMA7A levels are increased in COVID-19 patients, while SEMA3A levels are decreased. Serum semaphorin levels have better predictive value than other markers for distinguishing COVID-19 severity.