4.5 Review

Regulatory Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on T Cell Phenotypes in Autoimmune Diseases

Journal

STEM CELLS INTERNATIONAL
Volume 2021, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

HINDAWI LTD
DOI: 10.1155/2021/5583994

Keywords

-

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [32000903]
  2. Project of Zhenjiang Key Research and Development Plan (social development) [SH2019025]
  3. Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of High Technology Research on Exosomes Foundation and Transformation Application [SS2018003]
  4. Scientific Research Project of Health Commission of Jiangsu Province [Z2019036]
  5. Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions

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Research has shown that MSCs have potential therapeutic effects in autoimmune diseases. In addition to treating fractures and tissue repair, MSCs can help restore immune homeostasis by regulating T cell subsets.
Research on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) starts from the earliest assumption that cells derived from the bone marrow have the ability to repair tissues. Several scientists have since documented the crucial role of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) in processes such as embryonic bone and cartilage formation, adult fracture and tissue repair, and immunomodulatory activities in therapeutic applications. In addition to BM-MSCs, several sources of MSCs have been reported to possess tissue repair and immunoregulatory abilities, making them potential treatment options for many diseases. Therefore, the therapeutic potential of MSCs in various diseases including autoimmune conditions has been explored. In addition to an imbalance of T cell subsets in most patients with autoimmune diseases, they also exhibit complex disease manifestations, overlapping symptoms among diseases, and difficult treatment. MSCs can regulate T cell subsets to restore their immune homeostasis toward disease resolution in autoimmune conditions. This review summarizes the role of MSCs in relieving autoimmune diseases via the regulation of T cell phenotypes.

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