Article
Optics
Robin Mevert, Yuliya Binhammer, Christian M. Dietrich, Luise Beichert, Jose R. Cardoso de Andrade, Thomas Binhammer, Jintao Fan, Uwe Morgner
Summary: This paper demonstrates a broadband, high-power, rapidly tunable femtosecond optical parametric oscillator with a wide signal tuning range and high output power.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Jiayang Zhang, Zhelin Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Tianhao Xia, Linzheng Wang, Chen Wang, Liming Chen, Yanping Chen
Summary: This study demonstrates that the continuous redshift of terahertz radiation can be achieved by increasing the length of the plasma filament. A theoretical model is proposed to interpret this spectral tuning effect using a Lorentz distribution of plasma density. This finding not only provides an approach to spectral tuning, but also offers a gentle way of diagnosing the distribution of plasma density inside the plasmas.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyle J. McCulloch, Aide Macias-Munoz, Ali Mortazavi, Adriana D. Briscoe
Summary: The evolution of color vision is often studied in terms of receptor gain and loss. This study examines the visual systems of butterflies that have either retained or lost a specific photoreceptor subtype, known as UV2. The researchers identify various mechanisms through which these butterflies modulate their color vision, such as chromatin reorganization and gene truncation. They also find that species lacking the UV2 receptor shift the peak sensitivity of their UV1 receptor cells to longer wavelengths. Additionally, the widespread use of filtering pigments and co-expression of two opsins in the same photoreceptor cells contribute to the diversity and adaptability of the visual systems in Heliconius butterflies.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dmitrii Pavlov, Alexey Zhizhchenko, Lei Pan, Aleksandr A. Kuchmizhak
Summary: Direct ablation-free irradiation of Si-supported thin Au film by nanojoule-energy femtosecond laser pulses is demonstrated as a scalable technology for realizing plasmonic metasurfaces supporting collective resonances. By controlling the aperture size, the fabricated nanostructures exhibit high-Q collective plasmonic response within an expanded spectral range. Vacuum deposition of thin films enables fine tuning of the resonance position and expands the choice of available materials.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Wu Wang, Jie Zhou, Boqun Liu, Xu Wang
Summary: A new approach to excite the isomeric Th-229 nuclear state is proposed, using laser-driven electron recollision process which does not require precise knowledge of the energy of the isomeric state. The well timed excitation can be exploited to control the coherence of the isomeric state, with experimental realization within reach using tabletop laser systems.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. Bartnik, W. Skrzeczanowski, P. Wachulak, T. Fok, M. Szczurek, H. Fiedorowicz
Summary: This work investigated low-temperature plasmas induced in gaseous CO2 by intense extreme ultraviolet (EUV) pulses, aiming to determine their composition and properties through spectroscopic measurements and numerical simulations. The results showed that plasmas created in experimental systems driven by Nd:YAG lasers with different parameters exhibited distinct temperatures and spectral characteristics.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Optics
H. T. Olgun, W. Tian, G. Cirmi, K. Ravi, C. Rentschler, H. Cankaya, M. Pergament, M. Hemmer, Y. Hua, D. N. Schimpf, N. H. Matlis, F. X. Kaertner
Summary: In this study, a novel laser source was used to achieve efficient conversion of light to terahertz (THz) radiation, with a record efficiency of 0.9%. The generation of THz radiation in magnesium-doped periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) crystals was explored under different conditions. This work addresses the problem of low optical-to-THz radiation conversion efficiencies, which has limited the demand for high-field THz radiation pulses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dong-gu Kang, Kyung Chul Woo, Do Hyung Kang, Chanho Park, Sang Kyu Kim
Summary: The use of second-order diffraction in the double-pass grating filter technique has enabled the construction of a high-resolution FSRS setup in this study, leading to the observation of improved Raman spectra of excited trans-stilbene. The spectral resolution of the new FSRS system is estimated to be the lowest ever reported, with Δv = 2.5 cm(-1).
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Alan Omar, Tim Vogel, Martin Hoffmann, Clara J. Saraceno
Summary: Multi-pass cell (MPC) based temporal pulse compressors have been developed as a solution for long pulses from Yb-based ultrafast lasers. Spectral broadening has only been achieved in gas-filled MPCs, but these setups are complex and costly. In this study, we demonstrate spectral broadening of 2-mJ pulses in a simple and compact multi-pass cell operated in ambient air. The results show the potential for compressing these pulses to a duration of 134 fs and have significant impact in the ultrafast laser community.
Article
Optics
Valdemar Stankevic, Gediminas Raciukaitis, Paulius Gecys
Summary: Femtosecond laser pulses were used to create internal modifications inside fused silica for selective chemical etching. Burst-mode processing with two-pulse bursts showed advantages in KOH solution, leading to more regular nanostructures and stable etching initiation. The etching rate was increased by over 35% compared to single-pulse processing, and the highest reported selectivity of 1:2000 was achieved.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
He Zhang, Yun Zhang, Shuang Lin, Yunfeng Zhang, Anmin Chen, Yuanfei Jiang, Suyu Li, Mingxing Jin
Summary: This study investigates the spectral broadening effect during the interaction of intense femtosecond laser pulses with air, finding that pressure and pulse energy both affect spectral intensity, with pressure causing a noticeable blue shift. Numerical simulations reveal the importance of plasma-induced self-phase modulation in the blue shift of the spectrum, with pressure promoting laser pulse energy transfer.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Vanthan Nguyen, Lihe Yan, Na Zhao, Nguyen Van Canh, Nguyen Thi Nhat Hang, Phuoc Huu Le
Summary: The study presents a facile method to synthesize and functionalize boron nitride quantum dots (BNQDs) with tunable photoluminescence (PL) properties from ultraviolet to green region using femtosecond laser ablation in organic solution. The emission colors of BNQDs can be redshifted by increasing the carboxyl group content on the carbene zigzag edges. This work shows a promising strategy for the synthesis and functionalization of BNQDs and provides a deeper understanding of their PL mechanism.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Simon Yves, Matheus Inguaggiato Nora Rosa, Yuning Guo, Mohit Gupta, Massimo Ruzzene, Andrea Alu
Summary: The twist angle between stacked 2D materials has been shown to control various phenomena, such as superconductivity and topological phases. However, these discoveries have been limited to atomically thin systems and photonic systems. This work demonstrates the application of twistronics in a macroscopic elastic metasurface made of LEGO pillar resonators, allowing for highly tailored anisotropy and strong tunability of waves. The findings show the potential for observing extreme phenomena in a variety of wave systems without the need for multilayered fabrication.
Article
Optics
Yitan Gao, Yabei Su, Siyuan Xu, Xiaoxian Zhu, Kun Zhao, Shaobo Fang, Jiangfeng Zhu, Zhiyi Wei
Summary: Femtosecond few-cycle pulses with annular shape are generated by propagating 40fs laser pulses through 6 solid thin plates in numerical simulations and experiments. The generation of such pulses relies on the conical emission caused by plasma effect, inducing negative dispersion leading to self-compression of the pulse and formation of an annular beam. By adjusting input pulse energy and the position of thin plates relative to laser focus, control over plasma density can be achieved, modifying the ratio between ionization and positive dispersion effects to regulate laser intensity and plasma density, thereby managing the negative dispersion experienced by the pulse during propagation.
Review
Optics
Nan Lin, Yunyi Chen, Xin Wei, Wenhe Yang, Yuxin Leng
Summary: This paper reviews the key technologies and developments of the spectral purity systems for extreme ultraviolet lithography. It also discusses the main challenges and developing trends, with a focus on practical applications and further improvement.
HIGH POWER LASER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Geoffrey Roger Sherwood, Dimitrios Chronopoulos, Andrea Marini, Francesco Ciampa
Summary: Utilizing phononic crystal waveguide transducers can enhance the damage sensitivity of nonlinear ultrasound methods for detecting material micro-cracks by filtering out unwanted second harmonic waves, improving the accuracy of signal measurements.
NDT & E INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Alfredo Tartarone, Vittoria Lapadula, Concetta Di Micco, Gemma Rossi, Carlotta Ottanelli, Andrea Marini, Roberta Giorgione, Katia Ferrari, Martina Catalano, Luca Voltolini, Enrico Mini, Giandomenico Roviello
Summary: Targeted therapies against oncogenic drivers have significantly improved the survival of NSCLC patients, and genetic testing is essential for diagnosis and treatment. Various novel druggable oncogenic drivers have been identified for potential targeted therapy.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Martina Catalano, Andrea Marini, Katia Ferrari, Luca Voltolini, Fabio Cianchi, Camilla Eva Comin, Francesca Castiglione, Giandomenico Roviello, Enrico Mini
Summary: This article reports a rare case of colonic and gastric metastasis in a patient with NSCLC and analyzes the effectiveness of surgical resection for metastatic lesions. Surgery may provide advantages in symptom control and survival.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carino Ferrante, Giorgio Di Battista, Luis E. Parra Lopez, Giovanni Batignani, Etienne Lorchat, Alessandra Virga, Stephane Berciaud, Tullio Scopigno
Summary: Van der Waals heterostructures composed of graphene and monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides show potential for various optoelectronic applications. However, the interlayer interactions in these structures are still poorly understood. This study uses a time-resolved Raman scattering experiment to investigate the electronic temperature profile and suggests a dominant energy transfer process occurring within 4 picoseconds.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Ashis Paul, Andrea Marini, Samudra Roy
Summary: In this study, we investigate dissipative nonlinear dynamics in graphene-based active metamaterials. We observe that graphene saturable nonlinearity can produce a subcritical bifurcation of nonlinear modes, enabling self-organization of the emitted radiation into dissipative soliton structures with distinct topological charges. Our findings show that soliton vortices are unstable, leading to self-organization into single dissipative structures with vanishing topological charge, regardless of the shape of the graphene nanoflakes.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Optics
Alejandro De la Cadena, Federico Vernuccio, Andrea Ragni, Giuseppe Sciortino, Renzo Vanna, Carino Ferrante, Natalia Pediconi, Carlo Valensise, Luca Genchi, Sergey P. P. Laptenok, Andrea Doni, Marco Erreni, Tullio Scopigno, Carlo Liberale, Giorgio Ferrari, Marco Sampietro, Giulio Cerullo, Dario Polli
Summary: Spontaneous Raman microscopy can reveal the chemical composition of a sample in a non-invasive manner but suffers from slow imaging speed. Stimulated Raman scattering amplifies the signal and enables high-speed imaging. Researchers have developed a broadband stimulated Raman scattering microscope that simultaneously measures signals at 32 frequencies, allowing for high-resolution mapping of spectrally congested samples.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Federico Bianchi, Stefano Speziali, Andrea Marini, Massimiliano Proietti, Lorenzo Menculini, Alberto Garinei, Gabriele Bellani, Marcello Marconi
Summary: In this paper, we present a detailed description of how Deep Learning and Computer Vision techniques can be used to detect fault events in the AirTender system, a component of aftermarket motorcycle damping system. Real-time images are used to detect AirTender in the suspension system, and a binary classifier is employed to determine whether there is oil spillage or not. The Yolo5 architecture is used for detection, while a specially designed Convolutional Neural Network, OilNet40, is used for classification. To enhance the detection of oil leaks, a fluorescent dye with an excitation wavelength peak of approximately 390 nm is added to the oil in AirTender and illuminated with suitable UV LEDs. The entire system aims to be a low-cost detection setup, with an on-board device, such as a mini-computer, placed near the suspension system and connected to a full HD camera for capturing AirTender. The on-board device, through our Neural Network algorithm, is then capable of localizing and classifying AirTender as either functioning normally (non-leak image) or exhibiting an anomaly (leak image).
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emily Schifano, Giorgia Conta, Adele Preziosi, Carino Ferrante, Giovanni Batignani, Patrizia Mancini, Alberta Tomassini, Fabio Sciubba, Tullio Scopigno, Daniela Uccelletti, Alfredo Miccheli
Summary: High levels of 2-HIBA were found in the urine of patients with obesity and hepatic steatosis, indicating a potential involvement of this metabolite in clinical conditions. The study investigated the effects of 2-HIBA on the physiology of Caenorhabditis elegans, and found that it could extend lifespan, delay ageing, stimulate oxidative stress resistance, and reduce lipid accumulation.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Veronica Gazzola, Scira Menoni, Paolo Ghignatti, Andrea Marini, Roberto Mauri, Giovanni Oldani
Summary: The increasing use of Information Technology (IT) worldwide demands better infrastructures for processing, storing, and transferring large amounts of data. Data centers, as critical infrastructures, need to ensure high levels of security, reliability, and efficiency. The authors propose an analytical methodology to assess territorial risk factors for data centers by considering recent cases of failure and damage, as well as international and European regulation and standards. This approach allows the identification of vulnerable components and the implementation of protection measures at different territorial levels to ensure business continuity.
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
Massimiliano Proietti, Andrea Marini, Alberto Garinei, Gianluca Rossi, Federico Bianchi, Marcello Marconi, Silvia Discepolo, Maria Teresa Calcagni, Paolo Castellini, Milena Martarelli, Giacomo Zeni, Stefano Speziali
Summary: Black Soldier flies are bred to treat organic waste and produce insect proteins and oils. This study explored non-contact measurements and analysis methodologies to identify significant features of the different stages of the flies' life cycle, which can be automated in production lines.
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON METROLOGY FOR AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY (METROAGRIFOR)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Quantum Science & Technology
Stefano Speziali, Federico Bianchi, Andrea Marini, Lorenzo Menculini, Massimiliano Proietti, Loris F. Termite, Alberto Garinei, Marcello Marconi, Andrea Delogu
Summary: Quantum annealing has emerged as a promising approach for solving large-scale combinatorial optimization problems, with sensor placement on a Water Distribution Network being a key application. The problem is formulated as a QUBO or Ising model, and solved by minimizing its Hamiltonian to detect and isolate fault events.
2021 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON QUANTUM COMPUTING AND ENGINEERING (QCE 2021) / QUANTUM WEEK 2021
(2021)
Article
Optics
Ambaresh Sahoo, Andrea Marini, Samudra Roy
Summary: In this study, a theoretical model for infrared pulse propagation in graphene-covered hybrid waveguides is developed based on first principles. Electron dynamics in graphene and radiation propagation are described by Bloch equations and a generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation, respectively. Numerical simulations show that Kerr solitons accelerate and experience a strong self-induced spectral blueshift, which is fully explained by semianalytical predictions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lorenzo Menculini, Andrea Marini, Massimiliano Proietti, Alberto Garinei, Alessio Bozza, Cecilia Moretti, Marcello Marconi
Summary: Setting sale prices correctly is crucial for firms. The study and forecast of prices time series is important from both data science and economic perspectives. Different techniques for forecasting sale prices are examined in this paper, with results showing similar performance between ARIMA models and LSTM neural networks, while the combination of CNNs and LSTMs achieves the best overall accuracy, albeit requiring more tuning time. Prophet, on the other hand, is quick and easy to use but less accurate.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rossella Rubino, Andrea Marini, Giandomenico Roviello, Elena Margherita Presotto, Isacco Desideri, Isabella Ciardetti, Marco Brugia, Nicola Pimpinelli, Lorenzo Antonuzzo, Enrico Mini, Lorenzo Livi, Mario Maggi, Alessandro Peri
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of the anti-PD-1 drugs nivolumab and pembrolizumab on endocrine toxicity and patient outcome, finding that thyroid dysfunction is the most common endocrine toxicity, with no direct association with patient outcome but significant association with progression-free survival and overall survival when considering all toxicities.