4.7 Article

Lignin-Based Phenolic Foam Reinforced by Poplar Fiber and Isocyanate-Terminated Polyurethane Prepolymer

Journal

POLYMERS
Volume 13, Issue 7, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/polym13071068

Keywords

polyurethane prepolymer; hybrid reinforcement; phenolic foam; anti-pulverization

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [31890773]
  2. National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFD0601003]
  3. Beijing Forestry University Outstanding Young Talent Cultivation Project [2019JQ03004]

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Phenolic foams are lightweight, high-quality, and inexpensive thermal insulation materials with superior heat and fire resistance compared to other foam plastics. This study focuses on modifying lignin-based phenolic foams using an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer and poplar powder to enhance abrasion resistance and reduce pulverization, resulting in improved thermal insulation and flame-retardant properties.
Phenolic foams (PFs) are lightweight (<200 kg/m(3)), high-quality, and inexpensive thermal insulation materials whose heat and fire resistance are much better than those of foam plastics such as polyurethane and polystyrene. They are especially suitable for use as insulation in chemical, petroleum, construction, and other fields that are prone to fires. However, PFs have poor mechanical properties, poor abrasion resistance, and easy pulverization. In this paper, a polyurethane prepolymer was treated with an isocyanate, and then the isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer and poplar powder were used to prepare modified lignin-based phenolic foams (PUPFs), which improved the abrasion resistance and decreased the pulverization of the foam. The foam composites were comprehensively evaluated by characterizing their chemical structures, surface morphologies, mechanical properties, thermal conductivities, and flame-retardant properties. The pulverization ratio was reduced by 43.5%, and the thermal insulation performance and flame-retardancy (LOI) were improved. Compared with other methods to obtain lignin-based phenolic foam composites with anti-pulverization and flame-retardant properties, the hybrid reinforcement of foam composites with an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer and poplar powder offers a novel strategy for an environmentally friendly alternative to the use of woody fibers.

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