Journal
SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS
Volume 47, Issue 3, Pages 295-307Publisher
THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1725063
Keywords
syndecans; glypicans; glycocalyx shedding; circulating HSPGs; disease biomarkers
Categories
Funding
- Regione Autonoma della Sardegna [10.5.12-C.U.P.J86C18000270002]
- Programma Operativo Nazionale (PON) Ricerca e Innovazione 2014-2020-Asse I Capitale Umano, Azione I.2-A.I.M. Attraction and International Mobility, Linea 1 Mobilita dei ricercatori [AIM1874325-3, CUP: J54I18000110001]
- University of Sassari
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Cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) play crucial roles in regulating cell behavior and signaling, with their soluble forms potentially serving as diagnostic and prognostic markers and targets for immunotherapy. This comprehensive review critically surveys clinical findings from the past 20 years and discusses the involvement of HSPGs in various pathologies, highlighting their potential diagnostic and therapeutic value.
Cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) play key roles in regulating cell behavior, cell signaling, and cell matrix interactions in both physiological and pathological conditions. Their soluble forms from glycocalyx shedding are not merely waste products, but, rather, bioactive molecules, detectable in serum, which may be useful as diagnostic and prognostic markers. In addition, as in the case of glypican-3 in hepatocellular carcinoma, they may be specifically expressed by pathological tissue, representing promising targets for immunotherapy. The primary goal of this comprehensive review is to critically survey the main findings of the clinical data from the last 20 years and provide readers with an overall picture of the diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating HSPGs. Moreover, issues related to the involvement of HSPGs in various pathologies, including cardiovascular disease, thrombosis, diabetes and obesity, kidney disease, cancer, trauma, sepsis, but also multiple sclerosis, preeclampsia, pathologies requiring surgery, pulmonary disease, and others will be discussed.
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