Article
Environmental Sciences
Jinzhao Liu
Summary: The study showed that δ H-2(wax) values can be reliably used as a proxy for reconstructing paleoelevation in arid conditions. However, it will be necessary to identify other proxies to supplement δ H-2(wax) values under a dual-isotope approach in future research.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hu Liu, Sizhuang Wang, Huanye Wang, Yunning Cao, Jing Hu, Weiguo Liu
Summary: Knowledge of hydrogen isotopic fractionation of plant leaf waxes is crucial for using hydrogen isotope values in environmental reconstructions. This study systematically investigated the fractionation values between plant n-alkane 82H and various water sources, and found that the values are influenced by evapotranspiration and climatic conditions. The results emphasize the importance of considering evapotranspiration effects when using leaf wax 82H values to trace environmental changes.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Xiaolong Zhang, Baiqing Xu, Franziska Guenther, Gerd Gleixner
Summary: By conducting isotopic analyses of two plant species in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, it was found that the isotopic variations in plants are related to precipitation, with potential time lags in different plant species. Climate variables play a significant role in driving plant isotopic variations, providing important implications for paleoclimate reconstructions in global monsoonal regions.
GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Dina A. Ronzhina
Summary: The leaf pigment complex traits of wetland plant species from the Middle Urals were studied. It was found that taxonomy and life forms influenced the variation of these traits. Dicots had higher chlorophyll content and a greater proportion of chlorophylls in the light-harvesting complex. Monocots showed a positive correlation between chlorophyll content, CO2 uptake rates, and plant height. The leaf area unit had a similar ability to absorb solar energy across different systematic groups and life forms.
Article
Plant Sciences
Pernell Tomasi, Hussein Abdel-Haleem
Summary: Brassica carinata is a renewable biofuel crop with high oil and polyunsaturated fatty acids contents. This study explores the variations in cuticular wax content and composition in B. carinata, revealing a wide range of wax content and various classes of wax. The study also suggests that modifying specific wax content can increase the overall wax content and enhance the composition of the cuticle. This research provides valuable insight into wax biosynthetic pathways and the development of drought-tolerant cultivars of B. carinata.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jing Wang, Xuefa Wen
Summary: The distribution of intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) in coexisting species along aridity gradients and its controlling factors were investigated in this study. It was found that iWUE variability was primarily controlled by species, sampling sites, and their interaction. The mean iWUE increased and the coefficient of variation decreased with increasing aridity, indicating conservative and convergent water use strategies. The distribution patterns of iWUE were primarily driven by the ratio of soil organic carbon to total nitrogen in the Losses Plateau and soil moisture in the Inner Mongolia Plateau. The interspecific variation in iWUE was positively correlated with stomatal conductance, suggesting that interspecific variation in iWUE was primarily regulated by gs. The study highlighted the importance of considering limiting resources and leaf functional traits in understanding plant adaptation strategies for iWUE at large regional scales.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Vanessa Perez, Andrea Arevalo, Lorena Villanueva-Almanza, Exequiel Ezcurra
Summary: The research indicates that leaf xeromorphism in Washingtonia palms increases with aridity. Palms in arid regions exhibit more xeromorphic traits in their leaves compared to those in tropical areas.
JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Cheng Yang, Jianglin Zhang, Geng Zhang, Jianwei Lu, Tao Ren, Rihuan Cong, Zhifeng Lu, Yangyang Zhang, Shipeng Liao, Xiaokun Li
Summary: This study investigated the effects of potassium deficiency on water use efficiency, leaf water status, osmotic adjustment, gas exchange traits, and stomatal characteristics of rice under water deficit conditions. The results indicated that potassium deficiency limited the water deficit tolerance of rice by reducing relative water content and water potential of the leaves, leading to decreased water use efficiency and grain yield.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zengqi Lu, Xiaolong Fu, Jiamao Li, Jingwei Hou, Guangming Ran, Chengjian Xiao, Xiaolin Wang
Summary: A hydrophobic microscopic reaction environment was constructed through the modification of mesoporous silica, which helped improve the catalytic activity of the LPCE reaction. The Pt@SBA-15-tetramethyldisilazane catalyst, prepared by modifying the SBA-15 carrier and loading metal Pt, exhibited a superhydrophobic structure with a water contact angle of 158 degrees. This structure enhanced the catalytic performance and prevented catalyst deactivation. Experimental results showed that the catalyst had good catalytic activity in tritium water and maintained high activity after 30 days.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xudong Mao, Xiaojun Hu, Weiyu Cui, Hiroyuki Matsuura, Fumitaka Tsukihashi, Kuochih Chou
Summary: A novel isotope exchange method is developed for measuring the rate constant of hydrogen production from water and steelmaking slag. The apparent rate constant of the reaction increases with temperature and the probable rate controlling steps of reaction are biased towards interfacial chemical reaction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaochong Xue, Mingjun Zhang, Fei Wei, Chaofei Liang, Jie Liang, Jinglin Li, Wenyu Cheng, Ke Deng, Wei Liu
Summary: The development of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) offers potential for efficient hydrogen isotope separation, although its separation factor is lower than traditional alkaline water electrolysis. This study proposes gold as a promising cathodic catalyst in PEMWE, achieving a high separation factor and comparable electrochemical performance to platinum catalysts. The separation mechanism in PEMWE is explained by the Volmer mechanism for gold, providing an effective strategy for improving hydrogen isotope separation efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Xiumei Li, Sutao Liu, Baowei Fan, Juzhi Hou, Mingda Wang
Summary: Paleoelevation reconstructions of the Himalayan mountains and Tibetan Plateau can improve our understanding of climate, biodiversity, and ecosystems. This study analyzes plant leaf wax delta 2H and brGDGTs-derived indices in soil along an elevation transect to verify their reliability for paleoelevation reconstructions. The coupled delta 2Hwax-MBT ' 5ME proxy shows greater potential for paleoelevation estimates.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Chan Woo Park, Sung-Wook Kim, Youngho Sihn, Hee-Man Yang, Ilgook Kim, Kwang Se Lee, Changhyun Roh, In-Ho Yoon
Summary: Protonated lithium metal compounds, prepared by acid treatment of lithium metal compounds, were found to effectively reduce deuterium concentration in water. The H+ in protonated lithium metal compounds can exchange more readily with hydrons in water compared to Li+ in pristine lithium metal compounds, and heavier isotopes are speculated to be more stably retained in the crystal structure. Protonated lithium manganese nickel cobalt oxide was observed to adsorb and retain twice as much tritium as protonated lithium manganese oxide and protonated lithium cobalt oxide in equilibrium state when reacted with tritiated water.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Alana R. O. Chin, Paula Guzman-Delgado, Lucy P. Kerhoulas, Maciej A. Zwieniecki
Summary: Water enters tree leaves through the cuticle and surface-trait acclimation can alter the water uptake process. Climatic variation can induce surface acclimations that reduce water-film formation over stomata, affecting the dry-season foliar uptake rates. The interaction of leaf-surface wax coverage and stomatal density is negatively associated with water uptake.
Review
Plant Sciences
Chiara Perico, Sovanna Tan, Jane A. Langdale
Summary: The organization and patterning of the vascular network in land plants vary depending on factors such as taxonomy, development, and environment. In leaves, the connectivity of vascular strands affects the plant's ability to capture light and CO2 as well as its hydraulic capacity. The development of leaf venation patterns is crucial for physiological performance and involves the specification, proliferation, and differentiation of procambial cells. The role of auxin in this process has been studied, but there are still unanswered questions. This review explores the diverse venation patterns in land plants from an evolutionary perspective, focusing on the developmental regulation of leaf venation patterns in angiosperms and the role of auxin in eudicots and monocots. The authors conclude that the developmental mechanisms identified in eudicots may not fully explain the elaboration of parallel venation patterns in monocot leaves.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Toshimi Nakajima, Mao Kuragano, Makoto Yamada, Ryo Sugimoto
Summary: This study compared the contribution of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) to river nutrient budgets at nearshore and embayment scales, and found that SGD-derived nutrients become more important at larger spatial scales.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fan Liu, Lei Zhang, Chongyang Zhang, Ziguang Chen, Jingguang Li
Summary: NO2 emissions from wall-mounted gas stoves used for household heating have become a significant source of indoor pollution in Chinese urban areas. The high indoor concentration of NO2 poses potential health risks to residents. It is urgently necessary to establish relevant regulations and implement emission reduction technologies to reduce NO2 emissions from wall-mounted gas stoves.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Letter
Environmental Sciences
Hans Peter H. Arp, Raoul Wolf, Sarah E. Hale, Sivani Baskaran, Juliane Gluege, Martin Scheringer, Xenia Trier, Ian T. Cousins, Harrie Timmer, Roberta Hofman-Caris, Anna Lennquist, Andre D. Bannink, Gerard J. Stroomberg, Rosa M. A. Sjerps, Rosa Montes, Rosario Rodil, Jose Benito Quintana, Daniel Zahn, Herve Gallard, Tobias Mohr, Ivo Schliebner, Michael Neumann
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Philomina Onyedikachi Peter, Binessi Edouard Ifon, Francois Nkinahamira, Kayode Hassan Lasisi, Jiangwei Li, Anyi Hu, Chang-Ping Yu
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between dissolved organic matter (DOM) and Rare Earth Elements (REEs) in sediments from Yundang Lagoon, China. The results show four distinct fluorescent components, with protein-like substances being the most prevalent. Additionally, the total fluorescence intensity and LREE concentrations exhibit a synchronized increase from Outer to Inner to Songbai Lake core sediments. The findings demonstrate a strong correlation between DOM content and pollution levels.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Surya Gupta, Pasquale Borrelli, Panos Panagos, Christine Alewell
Summary: The objective of this study is to incorporate soil hydraulic properties into the erodibility factor (K) of USLE-type models. By modifying and improving the existing equations for soil texture and permeability, the study successfully included information on saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) into the calculation of K factor. Using the Random Forest machine learning algorithm, two independent K factor maps with different spatial resolutions were generated. The results show that the decrease in K factor values has a positive impact on the modeling of soil erosion rates.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jesmin Akter, Wendy J. M. Smith, Yawen Liu, Ilho Kim, Stuart L. Simpson, Phong Thai, Asja Korajkic, Warish Ahmed
Summary: The choice of workflow in wastewater surveillance has a significant impact on SARS-CoV-2 concentrations, while having minimal effects on HF183 and no effect on HAdV 40/41 concentrations. Certain components in the workflow can be interchangeable, but factors such as buffer type, chloroform, and homogenization speed can affect the recovery of viruses and bacteria.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu Luo, Xueting Yang, Diwei Wang, Hongmei Xu, Hongai Zhang, Shasha Huang, Qiyuan Wang, Ningning Zhang, Junji Cao, Zhenxing Shen
Summary: Atmospheric PM2.5, which can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), is associated with cardiorespiratory morbidity and mortality. The study found that both the mass concentration of PM2.5 and the DTT activity were higher during the heating season than during the nonheating season. Combustion sources were the primary contributors to DTT activity during the heating season, while secondary formation dominated during the nonheating season. The study also revealed that biomass burning had the highest inherent oxidation potential among all sources investigated.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Erin L. Murphy, Leah R. Gerber, Chelsea M. Rochman, Beth Polidoro
Summary: Plastic pollution has devastating consequences for marine organisms. This study uses a trait-based framework to develop a vulnerability index for marine mammals, seabirds, and sea turtles in Hawai'i. The index ranks 63 study species based on their vulnerability to macroplastic pollution, providing valuable information for species monitoring and management priorities.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kenji Maurice, Amelia Bourceret, Sami Youssef, Stephane Boivin, Liam Laurent-Webb, Coraline Damasio, Hassan Boukcim, Marc-Andre Selosse, Marc Ducousso
Summary: Growing pressure from climate change and agricultural land use is destabilizing soil microbial community interactions. Little is known about microbial community resistance and adaptation to disturbances, hindering our understanding of recovery latency and implications for ecosystem functioning. This study found that anthropic disturbance and natural disturbance have different effects on the topology and stability of soil microbial networks.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yunhao Li, Yali Feng, Haoran Li, Yisong Yao, Chenglong Xu, Jinrong Ju, Ruiyu Ma, Haoyu Wang, Shiwei Jiang
Summary: Deep-sea mining poses a serious threat to marine ecosystems and human health by disturbing sediment and transmitting metal ions through the food chain. This study developed a new regenerative adsorption material, OMN@SA, which effectively removes metal ions. The adsorption mechanism and performance of the material for metal ion fixation were investigated.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Antonio Medici, Margherita Lavorgna, Marina Isidori, Chiara Russo, Elena Orlo, Giovanni Luongo, Giovanni Di Fabio, Armando Zarrelli
Summary: Valsartan, a widely used antihypertensive drug, has been detected in high concentrations in surface waters due to its unchanged excretion and incomplete degradation in wastewater treatment plants. This study investigated the degradation of valsartan and identified 14 degradation byproducts. The acute and chronic toxicity of these byproducts were evaluated in key organisms in the freshwater trophic chain.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiang Lin, Lianbao Chi, Qing Yuan, Busu Li, Mingbao Feng
Summary: This study investigated the photodegradation behavior and product formation of two representative pharmaceuticals in simulated estuary water. The study found that the formed transformation products of these pharmaceuticals have potential toxicity on marine organisms, including oxidative stress and damage to cellular components.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hua Fang, Dongdong Jiang, Ye He, Siyi Wu, Yuehong Li, Ziqi Zhang, Haoting Chen, Zixin Zheng, Yan Sun, Wenxiang Wang
Summary: This study revealed that exposure to lower levels of air pollutants led to decreased pregnancy rates, with PM10, NO2, SO2, and CO emerging as the four most prominent pollutants. Individuals aged 35 and above exhibited heightened susceptibility to pollutants.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ali Shaan Manzoor Ghumman, Rashid Shamsuddin, Amin Abbasi, Mohaira Ahmad, Yoshiaki Yoshida, Abdul Sami, Hamad Almohamadi
Summary: In this study, inverse vulcanized polysulfides (IVP) were synthesized by reacting molten sulfur with 4-vinyl benzyl chloride, and then functionalized using N-methyl D-glucamine (NMDG). The functionalized IVP showed a high mercury adsorption capacity and a machine learning model was developed to predict the amount of mercury removed. Furthermore, the functionalized IVP can be regenerated and reused, providing a sustainable and cost-effective adsorbent.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rita Bonfiglio, Renata Sisto, Stefano Casciardi, Valeria Palumbo, Maria Paola Scioli, Erica Giacobbi, Francesca Servadei, Gerry Melino, Alessandro Mauriello, Manuel Scimeca
Summary: This study investigated the presence of aluminum in human colon cancer samples and its potential association with biological processes involved in cancer progression. Aluminum was found in tumor areas of 24% of patients and was associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell death. Additional analyses revealed higher tumor mutational burden and mutations in genes related to EMT and apoptosis in aluminum-positive colon cancers. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of aluminum toxicity may improve strategies for the management of colon cancer patients.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)