Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maya Petersen, Joshua Schwab, Diane V. Havlir
Summary: There is a new and unprecedented opportunity in the United States to alleviate the suffering, death, and inequities caused by COVID-19 through the effective, rapid, and widespread deployment of vaccine boosters with simplified messaging to all eligible adults.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Stylianos Lefkopoulos
Summary: Daylon James and Arun Sharma are associate and assistant professors at Weill Cornell Medicine and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Regenerative Medicine Institute respectively. Their research focuses on reproductive biology, cell-based approaches for treating infertility, modelling cardiovascular diseases, and developing cell-based screening platforms for drug toxicity. They are also known as hosts of the Stem Cell Podcast, and in this interview, we discuss their views on the podcast, the stem cell field, and science communication.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Claudia Truppa, Beatriz Alonso, Kate Clezy, Carole Deglise, Carole Dromer, Silvia Garelli, Carolina Jimenez, Rupa Kanapathipillai, Mohamad Khalife, Ernestina Repetto
Summary: Fragile and conflict-affected settings face a disproportionate burden of antimicrobial resistance due to weak health policies, disrupted medical supply chains, and lack of knowledge and awareness about antibiotic stewardship. This paper presents the experiences of Médecins Sans Frontières and the International Committee of the Red Cross in responding to antimicrobial resistance and provides practical recommendations for including antimicrobial stewardship in primary healthcare in conflict settings.
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Biological
Adriana Rudling
Summary: Fieldwork-based research by non-local scholars is valued in social science, but the COVID-19 pandemic has brought attention to the exclusionary mechanisms and power differentials that sustain such research, calling for necessary changes.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2021)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Peyton Thompson, Jonathan B. Parr, Alix Boisson, Devin Razavi-Shearer, Oliver C. Ezechi, Su H. Wang, Joseph D. Tucker
Summary: Less than 50% of infants worldwide receive the birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine (HBV), which is crucial in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HBV and subsequent liver cancer. It is imperative to increase access to this vaccine for infants born in low-resource settings.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
Pim Cuijpers, Manasi Kumar, Eirini Karyotaki
Summary: This Viewpoint highlights the insufficient research on the impacts of climate events on mental health, the inequalities related to climate change in low- and middle-income countries, and the urgent need for immediate action.
Editorial Material
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Philip Alberti, Malika Fair, David J. Skorton
Summary: The traditional tripartite mission of academic medicine is no longer enough to achieve health justice for all. Collaborating with diverse communities, appreciating community assets, and working in partnership to address needs while bridging medical care and public health concepts is essential for academic medicine to better serve communities.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Manousos E. E. Kambouris
Summary: Global Catastrophic Biological Risks (GCBRs) are unprecedented or catastrophic disasters caused by biological agents that exceed the collective response capabilities of nation-states and global governance institutions. This article aims to rethink GCBRs after COVID-19 and develop new hypotheses to better prepare for future pandemics and ecological crises. Improving the theorization of GCBRs by determining their spatiotemporal contexts, defining causality and impacts, and differentiating between risk and event can lead to enhancements in preparedness, response, resource allocation, and deterrence, while discouraging negligence in biosecurity. Critical governance of GCBRs, considering the political power dynamics, is valuable as future global catastrophic events may differ in quality, scale, and actors. Theorizing GCBRs remains an important task in the 21st century, drawing from field experiences and integrating flexibility, versatility, and critical responses to GCBRs.
OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ala'a B. Al-Tammemi
Summary: Despite global trends showing a decrease in smoking prevalence rates, Jordan still faces challenges with high tobacco use rates, largely influenced by cultural factors and interference from the tobacco industry. Efforts to strengthen anti-tobacco measures are necessary to prevent a public health crisis.
GLOBAL HEALTH PROMOTION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Anuja Dokras
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors, which may lead to cardiovascular disease. Guidelines have recommended screening and management of cardiometabolic risk factors in women with PCOS.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Georgina V. Long, Alexander M. Menzies, Richard A. Scolyer
Summary: The role of neoadjuvant therapy is shifting in oncology, from reducing surgical morbidity to a life-saving treatment with curative promise. Recent studies suggest that checkpoint inhibitors administered in the neoadjuvant setting may have greater clinical efficacy compared to the adjuvant setting.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lu Qi
Summary: Precision nutrition is a rapidly growing field in nutrition research that focuses on understanding the individual variability in response to diets. It has been found that gene-diet interactions and the gut microbiome play important roles in determining health outcomes such as obesity and weight loss. Incorporating multiple omics factors such as the genome, epigenome, metabolome, proteome, and microbiome in predictive algorithms can further enhance precision nutrition research. The evidence gathered from precision nutrition research will be crucial in developing personalized dietary recommendations for precision health in the future.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jickky Palmae Sarathy, Courtney C. Aldrich, Mei-Lin Go, Thomas Dick
Summary: This article introduces a new method for the discovery of novel antibiotics, targeting protein degradation. The authors discovered the first monofunctional target-degrading antibiotic, demonstrating the feasibility of this approach. They also designed the first bifunctional antibacterial target degrader, providing a strategy for applying this method to bacteria.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DISCOVERY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Steven A. Abrams, Christopher P. Duggan
Summary: An acute shortage of infant formulas in the United States, especially specialized formulas for infants and children with specific medical conditions, has caused distress for numerous families. Interventions are proposed to prevent future occurrences and restore confidence in the safety and reliability of infant formulas.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Mathieu Maltais
Summary: Over the past two decades, systematic reviews and meta-analyses have yielded conflicting results regarding the impact of exercise on fall reduction in individuals with dementia. A recent systematic review published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease identified positive outcomes in only two studies, suggesting insufficient data to support the effectiveness of exercise interventions in reducing falls. This commentary highlights the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in reducing falls among this vulnerable population.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Clinical
Terence W. H. Chong, Edmond Chiu
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Shaun J. Markovic, Sarah C. Hellewell, Vincent Dore, Ying Xia, Brendan R. Scott, Jeremiah J. Peiffer, Melinda Fitzgerald, Belinda M. Brown
Summary: The study found that a history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) may lead to alterations in grey matter volume in the aging brain. However, variations in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) level did not influence the differences in brain volume found based on mTBI exposure status.
Article
Psychiatry
Alissa Westphal, Stephanie Perin, Chris Harrison, Tanya Cottrell, Terence W. H. Chong
Summary: This study evaluated the MaP pilot program in metropolitan Melbourne in 2020. Results showed that 35 consumers aged 66 to 101 received support from the program, with significant improvements in psychological distress and symptoms of mental illness. The program's strengths included a single referral pathway and services for those who did not meet criteria for tertiary mental health support. Recommendations for improvement included longer duration of care and greater integration of community and primary care.
AUSTRALASIAN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Kelsey R. Sewell, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Victor L. Villemagne, Jeremiah Peiffer, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Kevin Taddei, David Ames, Vincent Dore, Paul Maruff, Simon M. Laws, Colin L. Masters, Christopher C. Rowe, Ralph N. Martins, Kirk Erickson, Belinda M. Brown
Summary: The study suggests that physical activity may play a moderating role in the relationship between sleep, cognitive function, and brain A beta burden.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Lidia Engel, Bianca Brijnath, Terence W. H. Chong, Danny Hills, Larissa Hjorth, Samantha Loi, Ishani Majmudar, Cathrine Mihalopoulos, Katrin Gerber
Summary: Older people have higher rates of bereavement compared to other age groups. A national survey in Australia found that 21% of bereaved adults aged 65+ met the criteria for prolonged grief. These individuals had lower quality of life and higher levels of loneliness compared to the general older population. Being female, experiencing the death of a partner, and being the full-time carer of the deceased were risk factors for poor quality of life and high loneliness after bereavement. Time since bereavement, expectedness, and cause of death did not significantly affect quality of life and loneliness.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Frances M. De Blasio, Sapphire Love, Robert J. Barry, Katherine Wassink, Adele E. Cave, Mike Armour, Genevieve Z. Steiner-Lim
Summary: This study assessed the differences in resting electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillatory amplitudes between women with endometriosis and healthy controls, and explored the relationship with chronic pelvic pain. The results showed that women with endometriosis had higher amplitudes in the Delta and Beta frequency bands, and lower amplitudes in the Alpha frequency band. Delta and Beta amplitudes were positively associated with pain severity, but only Beta amplitude maintained this association after controlling for Delta-Beta amplitude coupling.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Psychology, Biological
G. Z. Steiner-Lim, F. M. De Blasio
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Psychology, Biological
A. E. Cave, F. M. De Blasio, D. H. Chang, G. W. Muench, G. Z. Steiner-Lim
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jessica Dumble, Paul Sadler, Tanya Cottrell, Antonia Planinic, Stephanie Perin, Chris Harrison, Francine Moss, Shama Aradhye, Terence W. H. Chong
Summary: This paper describes the development of an innovative mental health service in Northern and Eastern Melbourne, Australia, for people over 65 years old. The Healthy Ageing Service (HAS) aims to provide care for individuals with mild-to-moderate mental health concerns, utilizing a prevention and early intervention model. It offers primary consultation, brief intervention, secondary consultation, and capacity building for the primary healthcare sector. This service acts as a bridge between primary and specialist mental health care, filling the gap in services and potentially providing a model for mental health care in Victoria and Australia.
AUSTRALASIAN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Nibras Jasim, Darsiha Balakirishnan, Han Zhang, Genevieve Z. Steiner-Lim, Diana Karamacoska, Guo-Yan Yang
Summary: Tai Chi may have some benefits for people with early-stage dementia, but the effects on neurocognitive outcomes are still inconclusive. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of Tai Chi and how it can be applied as an intervention to delay the progression of dementia.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Adele E. Cave, Dennis H. Chang, Gerald W. Munch, Genevieve Z. Steiner-Lim
Summary: This review investigated the efficacy and safety of herbal and nutritional medicines for older adults with and without subjective cognitive impairment (SCI). The review found a low quality of evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of these medicines, mainly due to a high risk of bias in the included studies.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Gerontology
Eman Shatnawi, Genevieve Z. Steiner-Lim, Diana Karamacoska
Summary: The aim of this study was to identify the barriers and facilitators of cultural inclusivity in order to inform the development of a multicultural dementia friendly community. The results showed that the barriers to cultural inclusivity were mainly related to the accessibility of services, sociocultural factors, and the environment, while leveraging cultural leaders and social structures was a key facilitator.
DEMENTIA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Genevieve Z. Steiner-Lim, Alan Bensoussan, Elana R. Andrews-Marney, Mahmoud A. Al-Dabbas, Adele E. Cave, Christine L. Chiu, Katerina Christofides, Frances M. De Blasio, Lauren S. Dewsbury, Naomi L. Fagan, Jack S. Fogarty, Lena C. Hattom, Mark I. Hohenberg, Deyyan Jafar, Diana Karamacoska, Chai K. Lim, Jianxun Liu, Najwa-Joelle Metri, D. Vincent Oxenham, Holly Ratajec, Nikita Roy, Danielle G. Shipton, David Varjabedian, Dennis H. Chang
Summary: This study evaluated the cognitive efficacy and safety of SaiLuoTong (SLT) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The results showed that SLT may be useful in supporting memory retrieval and executive function in MCI patients.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA-TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robert J. Barry, Genevieve Z. Steiner-Lim, Adele E. Cave, Frances M. De Blasio, Brett MacDonald
Summary: This study compares the skin conductance response (SCR) and the P300 event-related potential (ERP) as measures of Sokolov's Orienting Reflex (OR). The SCR showed a pattern consistent with the expected phasic OR, while the components of the P300 reflected different aspects of stimulus processing involved in OR elicitation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael G. Slee, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Victor L. Villemagne, James D. Doecke, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Kevin Taddei, David Ames, Vincent Dore, Paul Maruff, Simon M. Laws, Colin L. Masters, Christopher C. Rowe, Ralph N. Martins, Kirk I. Erickson, Belinda M. Brown
Summary: The study found no significant relationship between habitual physical activity and brain amyloid beta levels in cognitively unimpaired older adults, nor did apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carrier status moderate this relationship.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
