Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 143, Issue 15, Pages 5786-5792Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00651
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Funding
- JSPS [KAKENHI JP19H05459]
- Japan Science and Technology Agency [SENTAN JPMJSN16B1]
- JSPS (MERIT program)
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Cyclodextrins recognize guests by size-sensitive binding using both rim and cavity binding, achieving high size-recognition precision. Electron microscopy provides direct evidence and reveals the process of size recognition.
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are doughnut-shaped cyclic oligosaccharides having a cavity and two rims. Inclusion binding in the cavity has long served as a classic model of molecular recognition, and rim binding has been neglected. We found that CDs recognize guests by size-sensitive binding using the two rims in addition to the cavity, using single-molecule electron microscopy and a library of graphitic cones as a solid-state substrate for complexation. For example, with its cavity and rim binding ability combined, gamma-CD can recognize a guest of radius between 4 and 9 angstrom with a size-recognition precision of better than 1 angstrom, as shown by structural analysis of thousands of individual specimens and statistical analysis of the data thereof. A 2.5 ms resolution electron microscopic video provided direct evidence of the process of size recognition. The data suggest the occurrence of the rim binding mode for guests larger than the size of the CD cavity and illustrate a unique application of dynamic molecular electron microscopy for deciphering the spatiotemporal details of supramolecular events.
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