4.7 Article

Ultimate jumping of coalesced droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces

Journal

JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
Volume 587, Issue -, Pages 429-436

Publisher

ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.007

Keywords

Superhydrophobic surface; Coalescence-induced droplet jumping; Machine learning; ADAM; Enhanced jumping; Energy transfer efficiency

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [51976098]

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The study proposed enhanced jumping methods for droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces, which achieved a nearly theoretical limit of energy transfer efficiency through more orderly flow inside the droplets enabled by a designed structure. The ultimate jumping improved the application of water droplet jumping and enabled other low surface energy fluids to jump.
Hypothesis: Jumping of coalesced droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs) is widely used for enhanced condensation, anti-icing/frosting, and self-cleaning due to its superior droplet transport capability. However, because only a tiny fraction (about 5%) of the released excess surface energy during coalescence can be transformed into jumping kinetic energy, the jumping is very weak, limiting its application. Methods: We experimentally propose enhanced jumping methods, use machine learning to design structures that achieve ultimate jumping, and finally combine experiments and simulations to investigate the mechanism of the enhanced jumping. Finding: We find that a more orderly flow inside the droplets through the structure is the key to improve energy transfer efficiency and that the egg tray-like structure enables the droplet to jump with an energy transfer efficiency 10.6 times higher than that of jumping on flat surfaces. This energy transfer efficiency is very close to the theoretical limit, i.e., almost all the released excess surface energy is transformed into jumping kinetic energy after overcoming viscous dissipation. The ultimate jumping enhances the application of water droplet jumping and enables other low surface energy fluid such as R22, R134a, Gasoline, and Ethanol, which cannot jump on a flat surface, to jump. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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