Article
Physiology
Caio Victor Sousa, Samuel Aguiar, Rafael Reis Olher, Rafael Cunha, Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis, Elias Villiger, Thomas Rosemann, Beat Knechtle
Summary: The analysis found that the importance of each discipline in predicting overall performance varies across different triathlon distances. Swimming is the most important predictor in Sprint and Olympic distance, while running is the most important predictor in IM 140.6.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Luca Filipas, Antonio La Torre, Brian Hanley
Summary: This study analyzed the pacing profiles of Olympic and IAAF World Championship long-distance finalists and found that there were slight differences in pacing behavior between male and female athletes in different distance races, with faster finishers running closer to their historical best times.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Halama, Joao M. Oliveira, Silvio A. Filho, Muhammad Qasim, Iman W. Achkar, Sarah Johnson, Karsten Suhre, Tatiana Vinardell
Summary: The study provides an in-depth characterization of metabolic alterations in horses during endurance races. Significant changes were observed in metabolites involved in lipids and amino acid metabolism before and after the race, as well as metabolic differences between animals who completed the race and those who did not even before the race starts. Six metabolite predictors were identified as potential indicators of animal performance in endurance competition, with a high accuracy rate of 0.92.
Article
Physiology
Brett S. Kirby, Brad J. Winn, Brad W. Wilkins, Andrew M. Jones
Summary: The best possible finishing time of a runner in distance track events depends on their critical speed (CS) and the finite energy that can be expended above CS. The interaction between pacing strategies, initial CS, and D' balance predicts final race finishing positions. The D' balance model accurately predicts finishing positions in both slow and fast races, highlighting the impact of pacing strategy on race outcomes.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Craig W. Pickett, Chris Abbiss, James Zois, Anthony J. Blazevich
Summary: The study indicates that faster rates of acceleration and the ability to exhibit greater stroke lengths at relatively high stroke rates are determinants of 200-m kayak race performance.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Javier Olaya-Cuartero, Jose Fernandez-Saez, Ove Osterlie, Alberto Ferriz-Valero
Summary: The study found that performance in the cycling segment of triathlon is most closely related to overall performance, making it a potential indicator for predicting overall performance in the competition. In contrast, the swimming and running segments show lower consistency with overall performance.
Article
Sport Sciences
Romina Ledergerber, Mats Willem Jacobs, Ralf Roth, Moritz Schumann
Summary: This study aimed to determine the contribution of different strength factors to different phases of rowing ergometer performance. The start phase of rowing performance was mainly influenced by trunk extension strength and MTP force development, while the middle phase was influenced by maximal leg press strength, VO(2)max, and sitting height. The end phase was influenced by trunk flexion strength, leg press force development, body height, and sex, while the entire 2000m time trial was influenced by VO(2)max, trunk flexion strength, and sex.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Indre Poskiene, Renata Gruodyte, Jurgita Autukaite, Vida Juozaitiene, Ramunas Antanaitis
Summary: The study found significant changes in blood parameters of Arabian horses during endurance races, with faster speeds. The FEI considers equestrian endurance racing as the second largest discipline in the world. Arabian horses are recognized as the leading breed in endurance competitions with significant differences in muscle tissue structure.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuya Maruo
Summary: The study analyzed the takeoff and landing distances for the 3000m steeplechase water jump in participants with good and worse records. The results show that participants with higher records had longer takeoff and landing distances, indicating that a longer takeoff and a farther landing contribute to better performance. Therefore, athletes should aim to land as far away from the water pit as possible.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Jian Di, Shaofeng Chen, Pengfei Li, Xinghu Wang, Haibo Ji, Yu Kang
Summary: This article introduces a cooperative-competitive strategy based on the leader-wingman framework for autonomous multidrone racing. By using a game-theoretic method to compete against opponents and a line of sight-based cooperative method to support the leader, the win rate can be improved with lower computational cost. The strategy is validated through extensive simulation and real-world comparisons with state-of-the-art approaches.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Yun Hyeong Choi, Qingyuan Wei, Luyao Zhang, Seong-Jin Choi
Summary: This article explores the impact of cultural distance between participating and host countries on medal performance in international sports competitions. It finds that countries participating in the Summer Olympic Games hosted in a culturally distant country show poor medal performance.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hagen Deusch, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, Jose Ramon Alvero-Cruz, Thomas Rosemann, Beat Knechtle
Summary: In time-limited ultramarathons, male participants were more likely to compete in longer races and were older and faster than their female counterparts. Among the finishers, those in the 6-hour race were the fastest, while those in the 12-hour race were the oldest, and those in the 24-hour race displayed the most variable pacing. Additionally, faster running speeds were associated with more consistent pacing in the 12-hour and 24-hour races.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Doowon Lee, Ju-Yeon Son, Hyo-Myeong Ju, Ji-Hee Won, Seung-Bo Park, Woo-Hwi Yang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of low-intensity exercise of different durations on recovery ability in adults, with the findings suggesting that engaging in at least 1 hour of low-intensity exercise can improve recovery ability.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Karla Mihelic, Zoran Vrbanac, Krunoslav Bojanic, Tara Kostanjsak, Blanka Beer Ljubic, Jelena Gotic, Drazen Vnuk, Nika Brkljaca Bottegaro
Summary: This study investigates the acute phase response of endurance horses during races, showing that endurance racing induces acute phase response in horses and suggests the need for thorough monitoring.
Article
Physiology
Andrew J. Johnson, Emily E. Schmitt, Jeffrey R. French, Evan C. Johnson
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between pacing strategy and performance during uphill and downhill running. The results suggest that energy distribution is associated with participants' race finish times, and overly aggressive uphill pacing may lead to worse performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Kelly Kaulback, David B. Pyne, James H. Hull, Carolette Snyders, Nicola Sewry, Martin Schwellnus
Summary: Acute respiratory infections (ARinf) can have short-term and long-term effects on exercise and sports performance in athletes. Current research suggests that ARinf is associated with acute decrements in sports performance and pulmonary function, but minimal effects on cardiorespiratory endurance. Furthermore, long-term ARinf can have detrimental effects on sports performance, including training mileage, overall training load, standardized sports performance-dependent points, and match play. Future research should adopt a uniform approach to further explore the relationship between ARinf and exercise/sports performance.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Physiology
David B. Pyne, Julien D. Periard
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Inigo Mujika, Nicolas Bourdillon, Rafa Gonzalez De Txabarri, Gregoire P. Millet
Summary: This study compared the effects of two high-intensity interval training (HIIT) programs on rowing performance and VO(2)kinetics, and found that neither of the HIIT interventions led to significant improvements in performance or VO(2)kinetics. This suggests that factors such as training volume progression, training intensity distribution, and altitude training may be more important than the exact intensity and duration of HIIT sessions in developing aerobic qualities in endurance athletes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Jad Adrian Washif, Inigo Mujika, Matthew D. DeLang, Joao Brito, Alexandre Dellal, Thomas Haugen, Bahar Hassanmirzaei, Del P. Wong, Abdulaziz Farooq, Gurhan Donmez, Kwang Joon Kim, Juan David Pena Duque, Lewis MacMillan, Ryo Matsunaga, Alireza Rabbani, Mohamed Romdhani, Montassar Tabben, Yacine Zerguini, Piotr Zmijewski, David B. Pyne, Karim Chamari
Summary: The COVID-19 lockdown had a negative impact on the training practices of football players worldwide, particularly amateurs and semiprofessionals. The frequency, duration, and knowledge attitudes of training were affected during the lockdown. Amateurs and semiprofessionals had a more challenging training situation compared to professionals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Physiology
Oyvind Sandbakk, Mark Burnley, James Hopker, Athanasios Pappous, Samuele Maria Marcora, Gary Brickley
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Jad Adrian Washif, Lian-Yee Kok, Carl James, Christopher Martyn Beaven, Abdulaziz Farooq, David B. Pyne, Karim Chamari
Summary: This study evaluated the changes in training practices, recovery, mental health, and sleep patterns of athletes during the COVID-19 lockdown. The results showed that the lockdown significantly affected the intensity, frequency, and duration of training for athletes, and different levels of athletes had different training content and resource utilization. Lower-level athletes were more mentally vulnerable and anxious. The quality and quantity of sleep varied among athletes.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Physiology
Oyvind Sandbakk
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
J. M. Gonzalez-Rave, J. A. Castillo, F. Gonzalez-Mohino, D. B. Pyne
Summary: Periodization of sequential altitude training over a season can lead to significant improvements in performance and physiological measures for elite swimmers. Conducting 3-4 altitude training camps lasting 21-24 days each season, with the last camp ending 20-32 days before major competitions, can enhance international swimming performance, hematological parameters, and anthropometric characteristics.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Physiology
Oyvind Sandbakk
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Rodrigo Zacca, Flavio Antonio de Souza Castro, Ana Sofia Mottini Monteiro, David B. Pyne, Joao Paulo Vilas-Boas, Ricardo Jorge Pinto Fernandes
Summary: The purpose of this study was to compare the ventilatory and cardiorespiratory responses between the COSMED AquaTrainer coupled with the K4b2 and K5 wearable metabolic systems. The results showed that swimming speed was similar between all conditions, and the ventilatory and cardiorespiratory responses were highly comparable. This indicates that the AquaTrainer can be used with either of these two devices to measure physiological capacities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Inigo Mujika, David B. Pyne, Paul Pao-Yen Wu, Kwok Ng, Emmet Crowley, Cormac Powell
Summary: This study evaluated statistical models for predicting medal-winning performances in international swimming events and generated updated predictions for the Paris 2024 Olympic Games. The results showed that these models had high accuracy in predicting performances, providing an evidence-based framework for coaches, sport-science support staff, and athletes to develop and evaluate training plans, strategies, and tactics, as well as informing resource allocation based on athletes' potential for the Paris 2024 Olympic Games.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Oyvind Sandbakk, David B. Pyne, Kerry McGawley, Carl Foster, Rune Kjosen Talsnes, Guro Strom Solli, Gregoire P. Millet, Stephen Seiler, Paul B. Laursen, Thomas Haugen, Espen Tonnessen, Randy Wilber, Teun van Erp, Trent Stellingwerff, Hans-Christer Holmberg, Silvana Bucher Sandbakk
Summary: This commentary provides insights into current and future trends in world-class endurance training, focusing on the accessibility of scientific knowledge for coaches and athletes, integration of practical and scientific exchange, and utilization of new technological advances. Future improvements are expected in the extensive use of advanced technology for monitoring and prescribing training and recovery, more precise use of environmental and nutritional interventions, better understanding of athlete-equipment interactions, and greater emphasis on injury and illness prevention.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Georgia A. Scott, Ollie Edwards, Neil E. Bezodis, Mark Waldron, Eifion Roberts, David B. Pyne, Jocelyn Mara, Christian Cook, Laura Mason, M. Rowan Brown, Liam P. Kilduff
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness of isolated and relative performance indicators (PIs) in women's rugby union. The relative PIs were found to be more accurate in predicting match outcomes. Random forest classification was used to analyze the data sets and identify key PIs. The results showed that the relative data set had a slightly higher accuracy. Significant indicators associated with success in the relative reduced model included meters made, clean breaks, missed tackles, lineouts lost, carries, and kicks from hand. These findings can inform training and research in women's rugby.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Liam P. Kilduff, David B. Pyne, Christian J. Cook
Summary: This article discusses four key performance domains in rugby union, including overall understanding of game demands, training science, effective recovery strategies, and competition-day strategies. Evaluating a team's preparation for the Rugby Union World Cup can be achieved by mapping their performance plan based on these domains.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Diogo D. Carvalho, Ana Sofia Monteiro, Pedro Fonseca, Antonio J. Silva, J. Paulo Vilas-Boas, David B. Pyne, Ricardo J. Fernandes
Summary: Swimming performance is influenced by strength, and the differences between different swimming styles and expertise levels are unclear. Pearson correlation analysis showed that sprint times were negatively correlated with upper and lower limb strength and power, and elite swimmers had higher strength levels associated with specific stroke characteristics. The predictive model indicated that dry-land strength testing can distinguish between elite and non-elite swimmers.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2023)