Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gabriela P. Finkielstain, Ana Vieites, Ignacio Bergada, Rodolfo A. Rey
Summary: Disorders of Sex Development (DSD) refer to anomalies in fetal sexual differentiation resulting in discordance between chromosomal sex and gonadal or genitalia sex. DSD can be associated with adrenal disorders in both 46,XX and 46,XY individuals, with different pathogenic mechanisms. The pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of these disorders are reviewed, focusing on biomarkers and therapeutic development.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chuin Hau Teo, Ally Chai Hui Wong, Rooba Nair Sivakumaran, Ishwar Parhar, Tomoko Soga
Summary: Stress has a significant impact on mental health, and there are gender differences in stress response and mental disorders. However, there is limited research on the neuronal mechanisms of these gender differences. Recent clinical studies have discussed the role of gender and cortisol in depression, as well as the differences in glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) and mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) between males and females in stress-associated mental disorders. The functional heterogeneity and imbalance of GRs and MRs in the brain may explain the gender differences in mental disorders. Understanding these mechanisms can contribute to the development of gender-specific diagnostic markers for depression involving GRs and MRs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hedi L. Claahsen-van der Grinten, Phyllis W. Speiser, S. Faisal Ahmed, Wiebke Arlt, Richard J. Auchus, Henrik Falhammar, Christa E. Fluck, Leonardo Guasti, Angela Huebner, Barbara B. M. Kortmann, Nils Krone, Deborah P. Merke, Walter L. Miller, Anna Nordenstrom, Nicole Reisch, David E. Sandberg, Nike M. M. L. Stikkelbroeck, Philippe Touraine, Agustini Utari, Stefan A. Wudy, Perrin C. White
Summary: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a group of autosomal recessive disorders affecting cortisol biosynthesis, with the most common form caused by steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency due to mutations in CYP21A2. Recent developments include advancements in understanding steroidogenic pathways, improvements in diagnostic measurements, and exploration of alternative medications and treatments for CAH patients.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Benjamin Bonnard, Soumaya El Moghrabi, Kohei Ueda, Lionel Lattenist, Matthieu Soulie, Natalia Lopez-Andres, Constance Xhaard, Tatsuo Shimosawa, Patrick Rossignol, Frederic Jaisser
Summary: Our study highlights the correlation between NGAL/lcn2 with blood pressure and urinary sodium excretion, and its important role in salt-sensitive hypertension. NGAL/lcn2 modulates the activity of the renal sodium transporter NCC, thereby affecting sodium balance and blood pressure control.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marie-Pierre Moisan
Summary: Chronic stress has negative effects on human health, and there are gender differences in glucocorticoid stress responses, especially in the impact of early life stress on long-term glucocorticoid stress responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiara Sabbadin, Carlo Saccardi, Alessandra Andrisani, Amerigo Vitagliano, Loris Marin, Eugenio Ragazzi, Luciana Bordin, Guido Ambrosini, Decio Armanini
Summary: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is associated with pelvic pain, infertility, and increased cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of aldosterone and cortisol, as well as blood pressure values, in women with endometriosis. The results showed that there was increased biological aldosterone activity and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in early stages of endometriosis. These findings suggest new therapeutic targets for aldosterone receptor blockers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Anna Gromotowicz-Poplawska, Piotr Szoka, Agnieszka Zakrzeska, Patrycjusz Kolodziejczyk, Natalia Marcinczyk, Janusz Szemraj, Piotr Tutka, Ewa Chabielska
Summary: The study found that aldosterone can enhance arterial thrombosis in rats, especially under diabetic and hyperglycemic conditions. Aldosterone shortens bleeding time, increases levels of tissue factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor in plasma, decreases levels of nitric oxide metabolites, and increases oxidative stress. Aldosterone induces a prothrombotic phenotype in endothelial cells, particularly under hyperglycemic conditions, by impacting primary hemostasis, the TF-dependent coagulation cascade, fibrinolysis, NO bioavailability, and oxidative stress balance.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carol Best, Erin Faught, Mathilakath M. Vijayan, Kathleen M. Gilmour
Summary: The formation of dominance hierarchies in juvenile rainbow trout results in chronically elevated plasma cortisol levels in subordinate individuals. The mechanisms contributing to this chronic cortisol elevation during social stress are not well established, but the study found that negative feedback and clearance mechanisms appear unaffected. However, subtle regulatory changes in the pituitary may alter negative feedback, contributing to the observed cortisol elevation during social subordination.
GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Gates B. Colbert, Mohamed E. Elrggal, Anna Gaddy, Hector M. Madariaga, Edgar V. Lerma
Summary: Hypertension is a key factor in the progression of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease, particularly diabetic kidney disease. Controlling hypertension can delay the progression of diabetic kidney disease. Several medications have been proven effective in real-world use, and new drugs are emerging.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Patricio Araos, Cristian A. Amador
Summary: Recent studies have identified primary aldosteronism as a common cause of endocrine hypertension, leading to cardiovascular and renal damage. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) plays a significant role in regulating immune cell activation and may be associated with hypertension and elevated aldosterone levels. The involvement and mechanisms of the immune system in endocrine hypertension are still not fully understood.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aderonke E. Igbekele, George Jia, Michael A. Hill, James R. Sowers, Guanghong Jia
Summary: Systemic insulin resistance is characterized by reduced insulin signaling and glucose intolerance. Mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) play a role in regulating renal sodium handling and blood pressure, and recent studies show their presence in tissues outside the kidney. Risk factors like excessive salt intake, hypertension, and obesity can activate vascular MRs, leading to inflammation, oxidative stress, remodeling, fibrosis, cardiovascular stiffening, and microcirculatory impairment. These changes contribute to vascular insulin resistance and reduced glucose uptake. Pharmacological inhibition of MR activation could potentially improve vascular function, glucose uptake, and insulin sensitivity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Daigoro Hirohama, Mitsuhiro Nishimoto, Nobuhiro Ayuzawa, Wakako Kawarazaki, Wataru Fujii, Shigeyoshi Oba, Shigeru Shibata, Takeshi Marumo, Toshiro Fujita
Summary: The study revealed that the activation of the Rac1-MR pathway contributes to the progression of DKD by causing hypertension and podocyte injury, highlighting MR antagonism and Rac1 inhibition as a novel strategy for DKD treatment.
Article
Physiology
Catalina Sierra-Ramos, Silvia Velazquez-Garcia, Ayse G. Keskus, Arianna Vastola-Mascolo, Ana E. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Sergio Luis-Lima, Guadalberto Hernandez, Juan F. Navarro-Gonzalez, Esteban Porrini, Ozlen Konu, Diego Alvarez de la Rosa
Summary: The study suggests that increased activity of SGK1 could be a risk factor for accelerated renal damage, leading to mild renal dysfunction, increased proteinuria, and exacerbated glomerular hypertrophy and fibrosis. SGK1 expression may serve as a marker for rapid progression towards chronic kidney disease and a potential therapeutic target to slow down the process.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaoqing Zhang, Xiaolin Yang, Bing Chen, Kaifeng Shen, Guolong Liu, Zhongke Wang, Kaixuan Huang, Gang Zhu, Tingting Wang, Shengqing Lv, Chunqing Zhang, Hui Yang, Zhi Hou, Shiyong Liu
Summary: Glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) play an important role in epilepsy in focal cortical dysplasia II (FCDII) and GR activation may have protective and antiepileptic effects in FCDII.
EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Argen Mamazhakypov, Lutz Hein, Achim Lother
Summary: Pulmonary hypertension is a devastating condition that causes severe damage to the cardiovascular system. Research has found that aldosterone and the mineralocorticoid receptor play a key role in the development of pulmonary hypertension. Pharmacological blockade of the mineralocorticoid receptor has been shown to reduce pulmonary hypertension and prevent right ventricular failure in experimental models. However, the effectiveness of using mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension is controversial in clinical practice and further research is needed.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eric Pussard, Simon Travers, Claire Bouvattier, Qiong-Yao Xue, Claudine Cosson, Say Viengchareun, Laetitia Martinerie, Marc Lombes
JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Simon Travers, Claire Bouvattier, Jerome Fagart, Laetitia Martinerie, Say Viengchareun, Eric Pussard, Marc Lombes
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laurence Dumeige, Melanie Nehlich, Say Viengchareun, Julie Perrot, Eric Pussard, Marc Lombes, Laetitia Martinerie
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Florian Le Billan, Julie Perrot, Elena Carceller, Simon Travers, Say Viengchareun, Peter Kolkhof, Marc Lombes, Jerome Fagart
Summary: The study analyzed the effects of two MRAs on the aldosterone-induced transcriptome in a human renal cell line, revealing the regulation of hundreds of genes by aldosterone and the quantitative efficiency of finerenone on certain aldosterone-induced genes. The data provides insights into the mechanisms of MR signaling pathway and potential therapeutic targets for renal dysfunction.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeremie Canonica, Min Zhao, Tatiana Favez, Emmanuelle Gelize, Laurent Jonet, Laura Kowalczuk, Justine Guegan, Damien Le Menuet, Say Viengchareun, Marc Lombes, Eric Pussard, Yvan Arsenijevic, Francine Behar-Cohen
Summary: Glucocorticoids are commonly used drugs to treat retinal diseases, but the transcriptional regulations induced by GR and MR activation in RPE cells are not well understood. The study found that in the human eye, cortisol is the main ligand for GR and MR, and genes regulated by aldosterone and cortisol + RU-486 can mimic an imbalance toward MR activation. This activation in RPE cells may contribute to retinal pathology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Say Viengchareun, Eric Pussard, Mireille Castanet, Laurent M. Sachs, Thi An Vu, Pascal Boileau, Marc Lombes, Laetitia Martinerie
Summary: At birth, mammals transition from aquatic to terrestrial life, leading to significant changes in sodium and water homeostasis. The mineralocorticoid signaling pathway plays a crucial role during this critical developmental period, with aldosterone likely being one of the main hormones regulating this transition.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Thi An Vu, Ingrid Lema, Imene Hani, Lydie Cheval, Laura Atger-Lallier, Vilayvane Souvannarath, Julie Perrot, Melanie Souvanheuane, Yannick Marie, Sylvie Fabrega, Anne Blanchard, Jerome Bouligand, Peter Kamenicky, Gilles Crambert, Laetitia Martinerie, Marc Lombes, Say Viengchareun
Summary: Under hypertonicity, miR-324-5p and miR-30c-2-3p are recruited to regulate MR expression and signaling, affecting renal function and sodium retention.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Ly Tu, Raphael Thuillet, Julie Perrot, Mina Ottaviani, Emy Ponsardin, Peter Kolkhof, Marc Humbert, Say Viengchareun, Marc Lombes, Christophe Guignabert
Summary: Research showed that MR is overexpressed in preclinical models and human PAH, with inhibition by finerenone attenuating proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and partially reversing established pulmonary hypertension. The treatment also reduced total pulmonary vascular resistance and vascular remodeling, as well as decreasing inflammatory cell infiltration and vascular cell proliferation in rat lungs. This suggests that finerenone could be a potential therapy for PAH, warranting further investigation for clinical use alongside current treatments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Carceller-Zazo, Lisa M. Sevilla, Omar Pons-Alonso, Alvaro Chiner-Oms, Larbi Amazit, Thi An Vu, Geraldine Vitellius, Say Viengchareun, Inaki Comas, Yan Jaszczyszyn, Montserrat Abella, Andrea Alegre-Marti, Eva Estebanez-Perpina, Marc Lombes, Paloma Perez
Summary: Glucocorticoids exert therapeutic effects on skin diseases through binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). The MR has an impact on the genomic binding and transcriptional response of GR, affecting the specificity and magnitude of gene expression in keratinocytes.
