Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Francesco Fiorentino, Nicola Mautone, Martina Menna, Francesca D'Acunzo, Antonello Mai, Dante Rotili
Summary: Sirtuins, NAD(+)-dependent protein enzymes, are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, playing crucial roles in various biological processes. They have been recognized for their potential therapeutic applications in treating diseases.
FUTURE MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ludan Yue, Xueyang Zhang, Chenchen Zhao, Rongchang Chen, Xiaoyuan Chen, Lang Rao
Summary: Inhaled drug delivery is an emerging route for the treatment of lung diseases, with advantages over oral and intravenous routes. However, there are physiological barriers that affect delivery efficacy in the respiratory tract. This review provides an overview of inhaled drug delivery methods, highlighting non-invasive strategies for treating lung diseases.
Review
Oncology
Annalisa Chianese, Biagio Santella, Annalisa Ambrosino, Debora Stelitano, Luca Rinaldi, Massimiliano Galdiero, Carla Zannella, Gianluigi Franci
Summary: Cancer rates have been increasing significantly, leading to a need for new treatments. Combining oncolytic viruses with epigenetic modulators shows promise in enhancing immune response and viral effectiveness. Clinical trials and research continue to explore novel therapies for cancer treatment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Davide Bassani, Stefano Moro
Summary: The use of computational approaches in drug discovery, known as computer-aided drug design (CADD), has become a crucial component in pharmaceutical discovery pipelines. CADD techniques have significantly improved the efficiency of early discovery steps, facilitating the selection of appropriate compounds from a vast chemical space. Furthermore, CADD methods rationalize the biochemical and interactive processes at the molecular level, allowing for rational 3D design and optimization of chemical entities. This review provides an overview of CADD methods, highlighting their potential applications, benefits, limitations, and weaknesses in various scenarios of pharmaceutical and biological interest.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
N. Gupta, P. Kodan, K. Baruah, M. Soneja, A. Biswas
Summary: Zika virus is a flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes, causing acute febrile illness. Besides Africa, there have been major outbreaks in the Asia-Pacific region in recent years. Although evidence of Zika virus in India existed as early as the 1950s, the first confirmed cases were not reported until 2017. The outbreaks in India that year did not result in neurological complications. These outbreaks highlighted the spread of Zika virus beyond geographical barriers, driven by globalization and the ubiquitous presence of its mosquito vector.
QJM-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Brett Hale, Alison M. R. Ferrie, Sreekala Chellamma, J. Pon Samuel, Gregory C. Phillips
Summary: Androgenesis is widely used in plant breeding programs to redirect cell fate and study cell cycle regulation, meiotic recombination, and embryogenesis. The focus has shifted from protocol development to understanding how protocols work in order to extend their application to other genotypes and species. Transcriptomic and epigenetic analyses have revealed cellular and molecular responses associated with androgenesis, and gene transfer and genome editing technologies show promise for enhancing the genetic composition of microspores used in breeding.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Peter M. Irving, Krisztina B. Gecse
Summary: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is an optimization strategy in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, aiming to achieve maximal treatment benefits by monitoring drug concentrations. There are variations in optimal drug concentrations based on treatment targets, disease phenotypes, inflammatory burden, and sampling timing. This review discusses the role of TDM in biologic and oral small molecule therapies, the differences between reactive and proactive TDM, and the areas where evidence is lacking. Future adaptations in TDM usage may contribute to personalized treatment for patients with IBD.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Oscar Lucia, Joao Martins, Yousef Ibrahim, Kazuhiro Umetani, Luis Gomes, Eiji Hiraki, Houcine Zeroug, Milos Manic
Summary: Industrial electronics covers a wide range of technologies and applications, playing a key role in various industries, households, and biomedical fields. IE education has become a challenging topic for society and industry. This article discusses the evolution and state-of-the-art methodologies of IE education, providing an overview of its global status and exploring future trends and challenges.
IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS MAGAZINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irini Doytchinova
Summary: Drug design is a complex pharmaceutical science that has transformed into a coherent and well-organized discipline with solid theoretical foundations. Its goal is to discover effective, specific, non-toxic, safe, and well-tolerated drugs. It is one of the most rapidly developing modern sciences, with advancements driven by the application of artificial intelligence.
Review
Microbiology
Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu, Elena Georgiana Dobre, Irina Gheorghe, Ilda Barbu, Roxana Elena Cristian, Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
Summary: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are among the most threatening antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, causing significant therapeutic challenges, particularly in hospitalized, immunocompromised, and intensive care unit patients. Enzymatic resistance to carbapenems is conferred by various beta-lactamases, with CRE spreading beyond clinical settings to environmental sectors worldwide. This review aims to provide insights into current and future treatment perspectives for CRE-associated infections.
Review
Forestry
Magdalena Broda, Callum A. S. Hill
Summary: This paper examines degradation, preservation, and conservation techniques for waterlogged archaeological wood, including the effects of bacteria and fungi in oxygenated and anoxic conditions, consolidants for post-excavation preservation, and the merits and risks of reburial and in situ preservation as alternatives to traditional conservation methods.
Review
Pediatrics
A. J. Chitkara, S. Balasubramanian, Jaydeep Choudhury, Nabaneeta Dash, Kevin Forsyth, Ulrich Heininger, Daniela Flavia Hozbor, Rudzani Muloiwa, Tina Tan, Carl Heinz Wirsing von Koenig
Summary: While vaccines have reduced pertussis, a resurgence has occurred in many countries, including India. The Global Pertussis Initiative (GPI) Annual Meeting in 2020 addressed the underestimated cases in India and the need to improve prevention and surveillance. The meeting recommended studies to assess the prevalence of pertussis infection and enhance vaccination coverage, emphasizing the importance of active surveillance and engagement with nongovernmental organizations for pregnancy immunization.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Carmine D'Amico, Flavia Fontana, Ruoyu Cheng, Helder A. Santos
Summary: The ongoing pandemic has brought vaccines into focus again, with traditional vaccines facing challenges in immunogenicity, stability, and storage. Research delves into past, present, and future vaccine formulations, highlighting the use of nanoparticles and microneedle patches as alternative options. The analysis compares injectable solutions, nanovaccines, and microneedles in terms of efficacy, stability, and patient-friendly design.
DRUG DELIVERY AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ke Li, Craig M. Crews
Summary: PROTACs are a type of molecules with novel event-driven mechanism, offering multiple advantages over traditional inhibitors, such as catalytic nature and targeted protein degradation, which may lead to improved therapeutic outcomes with reduced toxicity. However, further research and development efforts are needed to fully explore their potential.
CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Avadh Biharee, Sudha Bhartiya, Arpita Yadav, Suresh Thareja, Akhlesh Kumar Jain
Summary: Microsponges are polymeric delivery devices made of porous microspheres used for targeted drug delivery, transdermal drug delivery, anticancer drug delivery, and bone substitutes. This study analyzes the recent developments and prospects of microsponge-based drug delivery systems, including their preparation methods and therapeutic applications. Various techniques for developing microsponges, such as liquid-liquid suspension polymerization and ultrasound-assisted microsponge, are summarized. Microsponges can reduce side effects, increase drug stability, and deliver hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs to specific targets.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Rajmohan Seetharaman, Jitesh R. Rane, Niraj S. Dingre
Summary: Organ donation is a crucial treatment option for patients with organ damage, but the low availability of viable organs poses a challenge. Increasing awareness and addressing misconceptions among the general population can improve organ donation rates. Healthcare workers play a key role in influencing public willingness to donate organs, but their knowledge and attitudes toward organ donation in India need improvement. The study highlights the need for better education and trust-building efforts in the medical community to promote organ donation.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rajmohan Seetharaman, Sudhir Pawar, Manjari Advani
Summary: The discovery and commercial availability of insulins revolutionized the treatment of diabetes mellitus. With the increasing prevalence of the disease, there is ongoing research and development of new drugs targeting novel mechanisms to improve efficacy and reduce adverse effects. Some of these newer drugs have shown promising results in recent clinical trials and may potentially change the landscape of diabetes treatment.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Zarrin Ansari, Sudhir Pawar, Rajmohan Seetharaman
Summary: This narrative review summarizes the main findings on neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in patients with Schizophrenia, highlighting them as potential key etiopathological markers for the disease and suggesting opportunities for developing novel pharmacotherapies.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE
(2022)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rajmohan Seetharaman
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rajmohan Seetharaman
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rajmohan Seetharaman
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Ethics
Yashashri C. Shetty, Sudha Ramalingam, Paresh Koli, Karthikeyan Shanmugam, Rajmohan Seetharaman
Summary: Research ethics committees (RECs) have played a crucial role in expediting the review of research protocols amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. A multicentric study in India aimed to evaluate the preparedness of Indian RECs and understand the challenges they encountered during the COVID-19 outbreak. The study found that RECs in India faced difficulties in conducting risk-benefit analysis, reviewing informed consent documents (ICDs), and dealing with COVID-19 protocols. They suggested training to address these challenges.
DEVELOPING WORLD BIOETHICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Manjari Advani, Rajmohan Seetharaman, Manish Pawar, Bakul Naik
Summary: This study evaluated the cost variation of different brands of prescribed drugs for diabetic nephropathy. The results showed that many drugs had significant price variations and cost ratios. The study suggests the need for stricter monitoring of drug price fluctuations and encourages physicians to select more affordable medications to alleviate the burden on patients.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
R. Seetharaman, M. Advani, S. Mali, S. Pawar
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zarrin Ansari, Akanksha Togra, Rajmohan Seetharaman, Abhilasha Rashmi, Sudhir Pawar, Manish Pawar
Summary: This study aimed to validate a questionnaire and measure the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the general population and healthcare professionals regarding dementia. The results showed that participants had moderate knowledge of dementia, with some misconceptions about its symptoms and prevention.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)