Review
Microbiology
Xinyu Lu, Jinlu Miao, Danyu Shen, Daolong Dou
Summary: Anthracnose caused by plant pathogenic Colletotrichum fungi results in significant economic losses in global field crop production. Understanding the effector proteins of Colletotrichum pathogens is crucial for resistance breeding and disease management strategies. Genomic and bioinformatics tools have identified a large repertoire of putative effectors in Colletotrichum genomes.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yue Wang, Wei-Teng Xu, Rui-Sen Lu, Min Chen, Jia Liu, Xiao-Qin Sun, Yan-Mei Zhang
Summary: In this study, a C. gloeosporioides strain named CgDa01 was isolated from Dioscorea alata and its genome was sequenced using Oxford Nanopore technology and the Illumina sequencing platform. The genome of CgDa01 had a size of 62.78 Mb and 15,845 predicted protein-coding genes. Among the annotated genes, 55 were predicted to be potential virulence genes. This study provides valuable information for understanding the pathogenic mechanism of C. gloeosporioides on yam hosts.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Teresa Garcia-Lopez, M. Socorro Serrano, Boris X. Camiletti, Ana Gordon, Cristina Estudillo, Antonio Trapero, Concepcion M. Diez, Juan Moral
Summary: Olive anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum species, is a critical disease affecting olive fruit quality. This study investigates the competition between C. godetiae, dominant in Spain, and C. nymphaeae, prevalent in Portugal, to understand the cause of this disparity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Thais R. Boufleur, Nelson S. Massola Junior, Isis Tikami, Serenella A. Sukno, Michael R. Thon, Riccardo Baroncelli
Summary: Colletotrichum is an important plant pathogenic genus of fungi that causes soybean anthracnose, two independent lineages have acquired the capability to infect soybean.
Article
Immunology
Mohamed Juvad Najeer Ahamed, Ranjani Soundharajan, Hemalatha Srinivasan
Summary: In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized from the aqueous extract of endophytic fungi Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (CgAgNPs) and their antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli was evaluated. The results showed that CgAgNPs reduced biofilm formation in E. coli by inducing oxidative stress, interfering with antioxidant enzymes, cell content leakage, and downregulating the expression of virulence genes.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Vasilissa Manova, Zornitsa Stoyanova, Rossitza Rodeva, Irina Boycheva, Helena Korpelainen, Eero Vesterinen, Helena Wirta, Georgi Bonchev
Summary: The study aimed to identify and characterize 26 pathogenic Colletotrichum isolates threatening solanaceous crops based on morphological, pathogenic, and molecular data, enriching the knowledge of their biodiversity and specific features.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Darcy A. B. Jones, Paula M. Moolhuijzen, James K. Hane
Summary: Fungal plant diseases are typically initiated by molecular interactions between effector molecules released by pathogens and receptor molecules on or within the plant host cell, with these interactions directly determining host resistance or susceptibility. A novel comparison method called RemEff is capable of identifying protein families with greater sensitivity than traditional homology-inference methods, enabling the prediction of novel fungal effector candidates through protein family association.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Taiki Ogawa, Jinlian Chen, Kazuyuki Mise, Yoshitaka Takano
Summary: Fungal plant pathogens secrete effector proteins to facilitate infection, with Colletotrichum species exhibiting conserved effector secretion traits despite differences in hosts. This study investigated effector localization during host infection in different Colletotrichum species, confirming effector secretion patterns in all tested strains.
PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Christopher B. Nelson, Taghreed M. Alturki, Jared J. Luxton, Lynn E. Taylor, David G. Maranon, Keiko Muraki, John P. Murnane, Susan M. Bailey
Summary: The study reveals that telomeric double-strand breaks in human G1 cells activate early DNA damage responses, but do not show localization of important recombination regulator 53BP1 and lack evidence of classical non-homologous end-joining and homologous recombination. Instead, telomeric DSBs in G1 cells lead to extensive tracks of resected 5' C-rich telomeric single-stranded DNA, indicating potential involvement of alternative lengthening of telomere pathway.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jingfan Liu, Tian Zheng, Dandan Chen, Junjiu Huang, Yong Zhao, Wenbin Ma, Haiying Liu
Summary: Telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) is transcribed from subtelomeres to telomeres and prone to form R-loop structures at telomeres. This study reveals that the RNA binding protein RBMX is a novel regulator of TERRA level and telomere integrity. RBMX depletion results in elevated TERRA expression, enhanced telomere R-loop formation, replication stress, and telomere instability. RBMX promotes TERRA degradation by regulating its transportation to the nuclear exosome. These findings highlight the importance of RBMX in TERRA regulation and telomere maintenance, and suggest it as a potential target for cancer therapy.
Article
Plant Sciences
Daniel Monino-Lopez, Maarten Nijenhuis, Linda Kodde, Sophien Kamoun, Hamed Salehian, Kyrylo Schentsnyi, Remco Stam, Anoma Lokossou, Ahmed Abd-El-Haliem, Richard G. F. Visser, Jack H. Vossen
Summary: This study cloned 16 allelic variants of the Rpi-chc1 gene from Solanum chacoense and other Solanum species, identified the cognate P. infestans RXLR effectors, and revealed distinct patterns of effector recognition and co-evolution among functional and non-functional alleles of Rpi-chc1. The study showed that these alleles evolved to recognize distinct members of the same effector family via the leucine-rich repeat domain, providing insights for breeding resistant varieties.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Boyoung Kim, Wenjia Yu, Haseong Kim, Qian Dong, Sera Choi, Maxim Prokchorchick, Alberto P. Macho, Kee Hoon Sohn, Cecile Segonzac
Summary: This study reveals the recognition and response mechanism between the RipY effector and the RRS-Y receptor, which is of great significance for further understanding of CNL activation in plants.
PLANT COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Beatrice Manser, Teresa Koller, Coraline Rosalie Praz, Anne C. Roulin, Helen Zbinden, Sanu Arora, Burkhard Steuernagel, Brande B. H. Wulff, Beat Keller, Javier Sanchez-Martin
Summary: Plant NLR receptors play a crucial role in triggering immune responses upon detecting pathogen effector proteins. This study identified new alleles of the wheat NLR Pm2 and natural haplotypes of the fungal effector AvrPm2, and demonstrated that specific amino acid variations are responsible for variant-specific hypersensitive response (HR).
Article
Microbiology
Cong Liu, Yunqian Wang, Yanfeng Wang, Yuanyuan Du, Chao Song, Ping Song, Qian Yang, Fuxin He, Xingxuan Bai, Lili Huang, Jia Guo, Zhensheng Kang, Jun Guo
Summary: In this study, a new glycine-serine-rich effector, PstGSRE4, was identified, which exhibits unusual biochemical properties and is highly induced during early stages of infection. PstGSRE4 targets the ROS-associated regulatory factor TaCZSOD2 and inhibits its enzyme activity, compromising the host immune systems and facilitating pathogen infection.
Article
Plant Sciences
Kyrylo Schenstnyi, Annett Strauss, Angela Dressel, Robert Morbitzer, Markus Wunderlich, Ana Gabriela Andrade, Trang-Thi-Thu Phan, Paloma de los Angeles Aguilera, Caterina Brancato, Kenneth Wayne Berendzen, Thomas Lahaye
Summary: The TALE proteins AvrBs3 and Bs4 trigger HR through different signaling pathways, and the Bs4 protein in tomato can suppress the virulence function of both TALE proteins.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ken-ichi Kurotani, Chaokun Huang, Koji Okayasu, Takamasa Suzuki, Yasunori Ichihashi, Ken Shirasu, Tetsuya Higashiyama, Masaki Niwa, Michitaka Notaguchi
Summary: In this study, it was discovered that solanaceous plants, including not only Nicotiana but also Petunia, have a high capacity for interfamily grafting. The gene GH9B3 plays a crucial role in this process, and its altered regulatory mechanisms allow tissue fusion between solanaceous plants and other species.
HORTICULTURE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yee Jia Kee, Satoshi Ogawa, Yasunori Ichihashi, Ken Shirasu, Satoko Yoshida
Summary: Strigolactones (SLs) are root-secreted molecules that have diverse functions in the rhizosphere. They act as germination stimulants and branching factors for mycorrhizal fungi, as chemoattractants for parasitic plants, and as sensors and regulators of the rhizosphere microbiome. Different plant species have structurally diverged SLs, suggesting that different molecules play different roles in planta and the rhizosphere. D14/KAI2 receptors have evolved to perceive various SLs or SL-like compounds, highlighting the complex interactions between plants and their rhizosphere environment.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shuta Asai, Volkan Cevik, Jonathan D. G. Jones, Ken Shirasu
Summary: A translating ribosome affinity purification system is used to analyze gene expression in pathogen-infected host cells and identify host genes whose expression is induced in infected cells. The study found that host genes are specifically induced during infection by the pathogen. This method can help us better understand the interaction between plants and pathogens.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeremy Berthelier, Leonardo Furci, Shuta Asai, Munissa Sadykova, Tomoe Shimazaki, Ken Shirasu, Hidetoshi Saze
Summary: TE-gene transcripts are generated in thousands of gene loci in Arabidopsis thaliana, with TE sequences often associated with transcription start or termination sites. The epigenetic state of intragenic TEs affects the production of TE-gene transcripts, as well as RNA stability and environmental responses.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Mingming Chen, Naoyoshi Kumakura, Hironori Saito, Ryan Muller, Madoka Nishimoto, Mari Mito, Pamela Gan, Nicholas T. Ingolia, Ken Shirasu, Takuhiro Ito, Yuichi Shichino, Shintaro Iwasaki
Summary: A parasitic fungus has been found to overcome the toxicity of antimicrobial compounds produced by plants through a specific amino acid substitution. This study reveals the molecular mechanisms of fungal resistance against plant defense mechanisms.
Article
Plant Sciences
Katsuma Yonehara, Naoyoshi Kumakura, Takayuki Motoyama, Nobuaki Ishihama, Jean-Felix Dallery, Richard O'Connell, Ken Shirasu
Summary: Researchers have developed an efficient method for studying the factors involved in the pathogenicity of Colletotrichum higginsianum, a hemibiotrophic pathogen causing anthracnose disease on crucifer hosts. By combining CRISPR/Cas9 and a URA3-based marker recycling system, they successfully targeted two melanin biosynthesis genes, resulting in mutants with deficient melanization and loss of pathogenicity.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yukihisa Goto, Noriko Maki, Jan Sklenar, Paul Derbyshire, Frank L. H. Menke, Cyril Zipfel, Yasuhiro Kadota, Ken Shirasu
Summary: This study reveals a novel negative regulator, PB1CP, for RBOHD and elucidates its possible regulatory mechanisms involving the removal of phosphorylated BIK1 from RBOHD and the promotion of RBOHD endocytosis.
Article
Plant Sciences
Liangliang Chen, Alicia M. M. Cochran, Jessica M. M. Waite, Ken Shirasu, Shannon M. M. Bemis, Keiko U. U. Torii
Summary: Plants perceive signals through cell-surface receptors to coordinate their development and environmental response. PUB30 and PUB31, two closely related ubiquitin E3 ligases, regulate ERECTA signaling by promoting its degradation, thereby ensuring optimal signaling outputs for inflorescence/pedicel growth and stomatal development.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Satoshi Ogawa, Ken Shirasu
Summary: Phtheirospermum japonicum, a facultative hemiparasitic plant, can germinate and grow in the presence or absence of the host, depending on the ambient nitrogen conditions and host-derived strigolactones (SLs).
PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Virology
Chaerim Shin, Dongjin Choi, Ken Shirasu, Yoonsoo Hahn
Summary: This study identified the genome sequences of fourteen dicistro-like viruses in plant species, including two newly identified viruses in Striga asiatica. These plant-associated dicistro-like viruses are novel members of the Dicistroviridae family, with five of them belonging to Aparavirus and Cripavirus genera, which primarily infect insects. The other nine plant dicistro-like viruses form clades with unclassified dicistroviruses.
Article
Virology
Dongjin Choi, Chaerim Shin, Ken Shirasu, Yasunori Ichihashi, Yoonsoo Hahn
Summary: A novel plant-infecting rhabdovirus, Artemisia capillaris nucleorhabdovirus 1 (AcNRV1), was identified in the transcriptome data of Artemisia capillaris root tissue. AcNRV1 is a member of the genus Alphanucleorhabdovirus and is closely related to wheat yellow striate virus and rice yellow stunt virus. Conserved regulatory sequences involved in transcription termination/polyadenylation and transcription initiation were identified in the AcNRV1 genome.
Article
Biology
Nobuaki Ishihama, Anuphon Laohavisit, Kaori Takizawa, Ken Shirasu
Summary: This method describes the expression and purification of the ectodomain of a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase from Nicotiana benthamiana apoplastic fluid. The method utilizes Agroinfiltration for protein expression and Ni2+-affinity chromatography for purification.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Momoko Takagi, Suzuna Nagai, Hironori Kaminaka, Kazuya Akimitsu, Ken Shirasu, Kazuya Ichimura
Summary: Disruption of the MEKK1 pathway in Arabidopsis leads to dwarf and autoimmune phenotypes, and activates NLRB, TNL SMN1, and CNL SUMM2. The mpk4smn1summ2 triple mutant shows full suppression of the dwarf and autoimmune phenotypes, indicating that SMN1 and SUMM2 constitute a robust surveillance system against pathogen infection.
PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR
(2022)