Pivoting by food industry firms to cope with COVID-19 in developing regions: E-commerce and copivoting delivery intermediaries

Coronavirus disease 2019 and related lockdown policies in 2020 shocked food industry firms' supply chains in developing regions. Firms pivoted to e-commerce to reach consumers and e-procurement to reach processors and farmers. Delivery intermediaries copivoted with food firms to help them deliver and procure. This was crucial to the ability of the food firms to pivot. The pandemic was a crucible that induced this set of fast-tracking innovations, accelerating the diffusion of e-commerce and delivery intermediaries, and enabling food industry firms to redesign, at least temporarily, and perhaps for the long term, their supply chains to be more resilient, and to weather the pandemic, supply consumers, and contribute to food security. We present a theoretical model to explain these firm strategies, and then apply the framework to classify firms' practical strategies. We focus on cases in Asia and Latin America. Enabling policy and infrastructural conditions allowed firms to pivot and copivot fluidly.

Automated summary

The 2019 coronavirus disease and lockdown policies in 2020 had a significant impact on food industry firms in developing regions, leading to a shift towards e-commerce and e-procurement. The pandemic accelerated the diffusion of e-commerce and delivery intermediaries, allowing food industry firms to redesign their supply chains to be more resilient. Theoretical models were used to explain firm strategies, with a focus on Asia and Latin America.