Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
Volume 23, Issue 12, Pages 12312-12322Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6445-3
Keywords
Erythrocytes; Metals; Teleost fish; Flow cytometry; Oxidative stress; Cell death
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Funding
- Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [AGL2011-30381-C03-01, AGL2013-43588-P]
- FEDER [AGL2011-30381-C03-01, AGL2013-43588-P]
- Fundacion Seneca de la Region de Murcia, Spain [04538/GERM/06]
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The in vitro use of fish erythrocytes to test the toxicity of aquatic pollutants could be a valuable alternative to fish bioassays but has received little attention. In this study, erythrocytes from marine gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) specimens were exposed for 24 h to Cd, Hg, Pb and As and the resulting cytotoxicity was evaluated. Exposure to metals produced a dose-dependent reduction in the viability, and mercury showed the highest toxicity followed by MeHg, Cd, As and Pb. Moreover, fish erythrocytes incubated with each one of the metals exhibited alteration in gene expression profile of metallothionein, superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxiredoxin, glutathione reductase, heat shock proteins 70 and 90, Bcl2-associated X protein and calpain1 indicating cellular protection, stress and apoptosis death as well as oxidative stress. This study points to the benefits for evaluating the toxicological mechanisms of marine pollution using fish erythrocytes in vitro.
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