Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pedro R. Pereira, Joao Pereira, Patricia C. Braga, Sofia S. Pereira, Mario Nora, Marta Guimaraes, Mariana P. Monteiro, Anabela Rodrigues
Summary: Obesity surgery candidates are at a higher risk of kidney injury, but pre-operative evaluation often ignores kidney function assessment. This study aimed to identify renal dysfunction in candidates for bariatric surgery. The results showed that a significant proportion of these candidates had clinically relevant albuminuria and proteinuria along with renal hyperfiltration.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Guneive Mangat, Nikhil Nair, Oren Barat, Brian Abboud, Priya Pais, Sumedha Bagga, Rupesh Raina
Summary: Obesity is a global pandemic that is associated with an increase in related comorbidities. Obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) is a lesser-known condition that involves podocyte damage and other contributing factors. Weight loss and reduction of proteinuria are key in treating ORG, and management methods include lifestyle modifications, pharmacological interventions, and surgery.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alessio Basolo, Guido Salvetti, Domenico Giannese, Susanna Bechi Genzano, Giovanni Ceccarini, Riccardo Giannini, Gianluca Sotgia, Paola Fierabracci, Paolo Piaggi, Ferruccio Santini
Summary: This study compared various prediction formulas with measured creatinine clearance in obese patients and found that existing formulas had inaccuracies in this population. To improve accuracy, a new formula was developed and a BMI cut-off point was identified for its use in obese patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rachel Forrest, Leena Awawdeh, Fiona Esam, Maria Pearson, Natalie Waran
Summary: This study aims to investigate the attitudes of dog owners in New Zealand and the factors contributing to canine obesity. The survey results show that many dog owners provide various types of food to their dogs, making it challenging to determine the appropriate amount. It is also found that there is disagreement among dog owners regarding the correct body condition, which may negatively impact the welfare of dogs.
Article
Transplantation
Paola Romagnani, A. Richard Kitching, Nelson Leung, Hans-Joachim Anders
Summary: Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a diverse group of immune-mediated disorders, which cannot be properly classified or treated based on histological patterns alone. To overcome this problem, a new classification system is proposed that considers disease category, immunological activity, and chronicity, which will guide the therapeutic approach.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Evan M. Zeitler, J. Charles Jennette, Jennifer E. Flythe, Ronald J. Falk, John S. Poulton
Summary: This study on zebrafish shows that a high-calorie diet, regardless of fat content, can lead to kidney pathology, but these changes can be reversed after 4 weeks of calorie restriction.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Nobuo Tsuboi, Yusuke Okabayashi
Summary: Obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) is a kidney disease associated with obesity, characterized by glomerulomegaly and glomerulosclerosis. The condition is believed to be caused by single-nephron glomerular hyperfiltration, leading to issues such as glomerular hyperfiltration, hypertension, and podocyte dysfunction.
SEMINARS IN NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Daofei Song, Aijie Zhang, Xu Hu, MingXing Zeng, Huimin Zhou
Summary: This study aimed to explore the potential effect of Wen-Shen-Jian-Pi-Hua-Tan decoction (WSHT) on obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) and reveal its mechanisms. The results showed that WSHT can improve renal lesions in ORG rats, including reducing fat accumulation, decreasing proteinuria, and suppressing inflammation and fibrosis.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kan Yu, Yushu Qiu, Yi Shi, Xiaogang Yu, Baosong Zhou, Tong Sun, Yuhang Wu, Shanshan Xu, Lei Chen, Qiang Shu, Lisu Huang
Summary: In this study, zebrafish larvae were exposed to environmental concentrations of the antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC) to investigate its effects on neurobehavior and gut microbiota. OTC exposure led to hyperactivity in larvae and a decrease in midbrain neurons. The expression of neural function-related genes changed and the composition of gut microbiota was altered. Adult fish exposed to OTC showed depressive and impulsive behavior, fewer neurons, and no recovery of gut bacteria composition even after 104 days post-OTC exposure cessation. The study suggests that early-life OTC exposure can cause persistent neurobehavioral abnormalities in adulthood through dysbiosis in the gut microbiota.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Paul J. J. Dunn, Rodney A. A. Lea, Neven Maksemous, Robert A. A. Smith, Heidi G. G. Sutherland, Larisa M. M. Haupt, Lyn R. R. Griffiths
Summary: CADASIL is a disease caused by mutations in NOTCH3, resulting in recurrent strokes, vascular dementia, and migraines. The molecular mechanisms underlying CADASIL pathology are not well understood. Whole exome sequencing identified novel genetic variants in CADASIL-like cerebral small-vessel disease (CSVD), and analysis revealed overrepresentation of cell-cell adhesion genes and the involvement of 15 novel candidate genes in CADASIL-related pathology.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Avishai M. Tsur, Inbal Akavian, Estela Derazne, Dorit Tzur, Asaf Vivante, Ehud Grossman, Ran S. Rotem, Boris Fishman, Arnon Afek, Josef Coresh, Gabriel Chodick, Gilad Twig
Summary: The study found an association between blood pressure above 130/80 mm Hg in adolescence and the risk of early kidney damage in young adulthood, especially for overweight and obese adolescents.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Michal Herman-Edelstein, Talia Weinstein, Avry Chagnac
Summary: Obesity-related kidney diseases, including obesity-related glomerulopathy, pose a challenge to nephrologists, with treatment strategies focusing on weight loss, pharmacotherapy, and surgical intervention.
SEMINARS IN NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Enrique Morales, Esteban Porrini, Marina Martin-Taboada, Sergio Luis-Lima, Rocio Vila-Bedmar, Ignacio Gonzalez de Pablos, Pilar Gomez, Elias Rodriguez, Lucia Torres, Borja Lanzon, Ana Elena Rodriguez, Maria Maiz, Gema Medina-Gomez, Manuel Praga
Summary: Bariatric surgery is shown to be an effective option for preventing kidney damage in obese subjects with chronic kidney disease by improving glomerular hyperfiltration, reducing adipocyte cytokines metabolic and inflammatory parameters. Studies on the evolution of renal function, adipose tissue-derived molecules, and inflammatory parameters in patients with CKD after BS demonstrate significant improvements in various aspects of kidney health post-surgery.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Justo Sandino, Marina Martin-Taboada, Gema Medina-Gomez, Rocio Vila-Bedmar, Enrique Morales
Summary: Obesity is an independent risk factor for kidney disease and can lead to obesity-related glomerulopathy. Besides glomerular changes, obesity also affects renal tubules, including tubule hypertrophy, lipid deposition, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. The harmful effects of obesity on the kidney may be mediated by different mechanisms, with alterations in adipose tissue playing an important role. Non-invasive options, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists or SGLT2 inhibitors, are being considered for the treatment of obesity-related kidney disease. Additionally, bariatric surgery is an effective option for weight loss and improvement of kidney outcomes in obese patients with chronic kidney disease.
Article
Ecology
Ran Tian, Han Guo, Zhihong Jin, Fan Zhang, Junpeng Zhao, Inge Seim
Summary: Vision plays an essential role in the life of animals. This study investigates the molecular evolution of vision-related genes in marsupials and finds evidence of redundancy in genes involved in retinal phototransduction and rapid evolution and positive selection of bright-light vision genes in kangaroos. This research provides a foundation for future studies on functional genetics and understanding the visual repertoire of marsupials.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Matus Sotak, Joanne Marks, Robert J. Unwin
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Physiology
Grace J. Lee, Lina Mossa-Al Hashimi, Edward S. Debnam, Robert J. Unwin, Joanne Marks
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2017)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Davide Viggiano, Carsten A. Wagner, Gianvito Martino, Maiken Nedergaard, Carmine Zoccali, Robert Unwin, Giovambattista Capasso
NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY
(2020)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Robert J. Unwin
Summary: Toxic nephropathy, a growing concern, is often caused by new drugs and polypharmacy. Patients' lack of knowledge about their medications and the prevalence of unapproved drugs contribute to the problem. Early detection, drug withdrawal, and supportive care are crucial for effective treatment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Transplantation
Pedro H. Imenez Silva, Robert Unwin, Ewout J. Hoorn, Alberto Ortiz, Francesco Trepiccione, Rikke Nielsen, Vesna Pesic, Gaye Hafez, Denis Fouque, Ziad A. Massy, Chris De Zeeuw, Giovambattista Capasso, Carsten A. Wagner
Summary: Metabolic acidosis, a common consequence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), is associated with cognitive dysfunction in CKD patients, potentially contributing to cognitive impairment. In addition to acidosis, CKD may also lead to impaired motor function and loss of muscle strength.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Review
Transplantation
Boris Bikbov, Maria Jose Soler, Vesna Pesic, Giovambattista Capasso, Robert Unwin, Matthias Endres, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Norberto Perico, Ron Gansevoort, Francesco Mattace-Raso, Annette Bruchfeld, Andreja Figurek, Gaye Hafez
Summary: Increased albuminuria may play a potential role in the development of mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The similarities in microvascular structure between the kidney and the brain make them sensitive to the effects of albuminuria. Further research is needed to explore interventions that could prevent cognitive decline.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Robert Unwin
Summary: A study reveals a previously unreported transport pathway for gold nanoparticles in the kidney nephron.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Carsten A. Wagner, Robert Unwin, Sergio C. Lopez-Garcia, Robert Kleta, Detlef Bockenhauer, Stephen Walsh
Summary: This review discusses the underlying genetic and acquired causes of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA), a condition characterized by the failure to acidify urine below pH 5.5. Inherited forms of dRTA are caused by variants in specific genes such as SLC4A1 and ATP6V1B1, while acquired forms can result from autoimmune diseases or adverse drug effects. Incomplete dRTA, which is frequently found in patients with or without kidney stone disease, may represent an intermediate state in the ability to excrete acids. Untreated or unrecognized dRTA can lead to various complications such as rickets, osteomalacia, nephrolithiasis, and electrolyte disorders, and increase the risk of chronic kidney disease development.
NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Sophie Liabeuf, Vesna Pesic, Goce Spasovski, Romaldas Maciulaitis, Mickael Bobot, Ana Farinha, Carsten A. Wagner, Robert J. Unwin, Giovambattista Capasso, Inga Arune Bumblyte, Gaye Hafez
Summary: People with CKD often suffer from mild cognitive impairment and other neurocognitive disorders. Adverse drug reactions may contribute to cognitive impairment in CKD, especially due to polypharmacy and the impact of reduced kidney function and dialysis. Understanding and managing these risks is important for improving patient outcomes.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Hong Sun, Zilin Sun, Zac Varghese, Yinfeng Guo, John F. Moorhead, Robert John Unwin, Xiong Z. Ruan
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Physiology
Gregory Jacquillet, Edward S. Debnam, Robert J. Unwin, Joanne Marks
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2018)
