Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Udaya Bhaskar Gunturu, Vinay Kumar
Summary: The study shows that the formation and persistence of winter fog in the Indo-Gangetic Plain is influenced by the activity of western disturbances, radiative cooling, and human activities. The critical role of deep subsidence in stable stratification and turbulence modulation is also highlighted.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pratika Chawala, R. Shanmuga Priyan, S. M. Shiva Nagendra
Summary: The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) in India are highly polluted, and understanding the impact of landscape factors on air pollution is crucial for sustainable development. Satellite data analysis from 2005 to 2019 showed an overall increase in aerosol and sulfur dioxide levels, with the lower IGP experiencing the highest rate of enhancement. However, nitrogen dioxide levels decreased after 2012, except in the middle IGP.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
D. Ray, S. Raha
Summary: This paper analyzed data from 27 urban sites in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) and found that during the lockdown, the concentrations of primary emission products decreased while the concentration of secondary photochemical product O3 increased. The O3 concentration increased in the upper and central regions, but decreased in the lower region of the IGP. The decline in NO/NO2 ratio in the upper and central regions could be attributed to the intrusion of polluted continental air mass, while the decrease in sunlight and temperature in the lower region may have suppressed O3 formation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yu Lei, Kai Wu, Xiaoling Zhang, Ping Kang, Yunsong Du, Fumo Yang, Jin Fan, Jingwen Hou
Summary: Due to the complex meteorological dynamics, topography, and pollutants emissions, the Chengdu Plain experiences excessive ozone (O3) pollution in the warm season. In this study, a combination of trace gases data and a high-resolution chemical transport model was used to analyze a continuous O3 episode that occurred in August 2019. The results showed that advection of O3-rich air masses, regional transport, and vertical mixing effects all contributed to the elevated O3 levels in the region. Additionally, the study identified the main sources and sinks of O3, with O3 transport by boundary condition being the largest contributor to urban O3 concentrations. This research provides valuable insights into the regional transport mechanism and causes of O3 pollution in the Chengdu Plain.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Fabien Paulot, Vaishali Naik, Larry W. Horowitz
Summary: This study analyzes the relationship between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and meteorology in winter in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). It is found that the concentration of PM2.5 increases with decreasing surface wind speed in most cities considered. The study estimates that the reduction in surface wind speed caused by increasing CO2 levels will lead to higher PM2.5 concentrations and more frequent high-pollution events. Additionally, the study suggests that the reduction in frequency and intensity of western disturbances with increasing CO2 may contribute to the decrease in surface wind in the IGP.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sonal Kumari, Nidhi Verma, Anita Lakhani, K. Maharaj Kumari
Summary: In recent years, frequent haze events in the Indo-Gangetic Plain during crop residue burning period have led to reduced atmospheric visibility and deteriorated air quality. Analysis of a haze event observed in November 2017 revealed increased PM2.5 concentrations and deteriorated air quality at monitoring sites in the central IGP. Meteorological conditions, including high-pressure systems and low winds, were found to favor stagnant conditions during the haze event.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Anshumala Sharma, Puja Khare, Nahar Singh, Suresh Tiwari, D. M. Chate, Ranjit Kumar
Summary: This study investigated the concentration and sources of heavy metals in rainwater in a semi-arid region of the Indo-Gangetic basin. The study found that during the monsoon period, sea salt components were the dominant source of heavy metals, while during the non-monsoon period, crustal components were the main source. The study also highlighted the significant influence of wind direction and scavenging ratio on the concentration of heavy metals in rainwater.
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sanhita Ghosh, Shubha Verma, Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath, Laurent Menut
Summary: Improving the prediction of modelled BC distribution, particularly in regions with high BC concentration like the Indo-Gangetic Plain, is crucial for reducing uncertainty in global and regional aerosol-climate model simulations. Simulations using observational constrained BC emissions showed more efficient distribution of BC pollution over the Indo-Gangetic Plain, with significant impacts on major cities in India.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sachin D. Ghude, R. K. Jenamani, Rachana Kulkarni, Sandeep Wagh, Narendra G. Dhangar, Avinash N. Parde, Prodip Acharja, Prasanna Lonkar, Gaurav Govardhan, Prafull Yadav, Akash Vispute, Sreyashi Debnath, D. M. Lal, D. S. Bisht, Chinmay Jena, Pooja Pawar, Surendra S. Dhankhar, V. Sinha, D. M. Chate, P. D. Safai, N. Nigam, Mahen Konwar, Anupam Hazra, T. Dharmaraj, V. Gopalkrishnan, B. Padmakumari, Ismail Gultepe, Mrinal Biswas, A. K. Karipot, Thara Prabhakaran, Ravi S. Nanjundiah, M. Rajeevan
Summary: Persistent heavy fog in northern India during winter disrupts transportation systems and affects the lives of about 400 million people. The causes and predictability of the fog in this region are not yet fully understood. The WiFEX initiative aims to develop a fog forecasting capability through extensive research and field observations.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Manisha Mishra, Umesh Chandra Kulshrestha
Summary: Limited information is available about the magnitude and environmental impacts of inorganic and organic nitrogen wet deposition in India. During the monsoon period of 2017, molar concentrations of inorganic and organic nitrogen in rainwater were monitored at different land use sites in the Indo-Gangetic Plain. The study found that dissolved organic nitrogen significantly contributes to total dissolved nitrogen, with varying levels of dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations in urban and rural sites. Wet deposition fluxes of atmospheric total dissolved nitrogen were observed to be higher in urban areas due to various local sources.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Madhvi Rana, Susheel K. Mittal, Gufran Beig
Summary: The study developed a methodology based on ensemble approach to predict surface ozone concentration with high accuracy of 95.5% using both linear and nonlinear behaviors.
ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Preeti Gunwani, Gaurav Govardhan, Chinmay Jena, Prafull Yadav, Santosh Kulkarni, Sreyashi Debnath, Pooja V. Pawar, Manoj Khare, Akshara Kaginalkar, Rajesh Kumar, Sandeep Wagh, Dilip Chate, Sachin D. Ghude
Summary: This study investigates the sensitivity of PM2.5 predictions to different boundary conditions and planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterization schemes using the WRF-Chem model. The results show that the model performs best when using initial/boundary conditions from ERA and GDAS datasets, and when using local PBL parameterization schemes MYJ and MYNN. It was found that PM2.5 concentrations are less sensitive to changes in boundary conditions but more sensitive to changes in the PBL scheme.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shubha Verma, Sanhita Ghosh, Olivier Boucher, Rong Wang, Laurent Menut
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of black carbon (BC) on population exposure, morbidity, and mortality in the Indo-Gangetic plain. The results show a significant population exposure to BC, with more than 60 million people living in high-concentration areas. In terms of cardiovascular disease mortality, 62% of the burden is attributable to BC exposure in the megacity and 49% in the semiurban area. By implementing emission reduction strategies, over 400,000 lives can potentially be saved from cardiovascular disease mortality annually.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Behrooz Roozitalab, Gregory R. Carmichael, Sarath K. Guttikunda
Summary: The Indo-Gangetic Plain experienced severe air pollution in November 2017. Modeling results showed that agricultural fires were the major source of extremely polluted days in Delhi, and the aerosol composition in the model significantly contributed to PM2.5 concentration.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muhammed Shabin, Ashish Kumar, Haseeb Hakkim, Yinon Rudich, Vinayak Sinha
Summary: Night-time oxidation has a significant impact on the atmospheric concentration of air pollutants over South Asia, but little is known about its effects in the region. This study investigates the chemistry and abundance of Stabilized Criegee Intermediates (SCI) using comprehensive measurements in the summertime air of the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). The study reports the first summertime levels of various alkenes and their roles in SCI chemistry.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bhagyashree Verma, Rajendra Prasad, Prashant K. Srivastava, Prachi Singh, Anushree Badola, Jyoti Sharma
Summary: In this study, a hyperspectral image was simulated using a spectral reconstruction method, and its applicability in estimating leaf chlorophyll content was validated using ground based measurements. The simulated image achieved high accuracy when classified, indicating its usefulness for vegetation parameter retrieval.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Samriti, Komal Shukla, Rajeev Gupta, Raju Kumar Gupta, Jai Prakash
Summary: This study reports the synthesis and characterization of highly efficient TiO2 nanorods (NRs) and Ta-doped TiO2 NRs (Ta-TiO2 NRs) for multifunctional applications. The NRs showed promising optical properties and exhibited excellent photocatalytic activities and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance. Ta-TiO2 NRs showed enhanced response due to the additional defects introduced by Ta doping, which resulted in improved visible light absorption and charge transfer properties.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Dileep Kumar Gupta, Prashant K. Srivastava, Dharmendra Kumar Pandey, Sumit Kumar Chaudhary, Rajendra Prasad, Peggy E. O'Neill
Summary: The present study aims to parameterize the single channel soil moisture active passive (SMAP) passive soil moisture (SM) retrieval algorithm for Indian conditions. MODIS data products and soil texture data were used to improve the parameterization of the algorithm. The algorithm was calibrated using vegetation and roughness parameters to minimize the error between the model retrieved and ground measured SM. The performance of the new parameterized model was evaluated and compared with other SM products, showing significant improvements.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Swati Maurya, Prashant K. K. Srivastava, Lu Zhuo, Aradhana Yaduvanshi, R. K. Mall
Summary: Climate change significantly affects the hydrological regime, and the integration of climate models with physical based models is crucial for accurate measurement of surface water changes. The study found that the INMCM-4 and MRI-CGCM3 models, as well as their ensemble mean, performed well in predicting rainfall and temperature in the Mahi River basin, India. The findings indicate that there will be an increase in average annual streamflow in the near future.
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Juby Thomas, Manika Gupta, Prashant K. Srivastava, Dharmendra K. Pandey, Rajat Bindlish
Summary: This study proposes a new method to estimate high-resolution Soil Hydraulic Parameters (SHPs) and provide high-resolution rootzone soil moisture (RZSM) products. The method consists of three phases: downsampling satellite soil moisture to estimate surface soil moisture, using downscaled soil moisture to estimate SHPs, and simulating surface soil moisture and RZSM using the derived SHPs.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ayushi Gupta, Manika Gupta, Prashant K. Srivastava, George P. Petropoulos, Ram Kumar Singh
Summary: This study compared the potassium predictions in surface and sub-surface soil layers under Boro rice cultivation using different meteorological datasets and validated the use of satellite-based meteorological data for simulating potassium concentration in soil in the absence of ground station data. The model was found most suitable for the 0-30 cm depth on all days and for all treatment variations.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Somaya Falah, Fadi Kizel, Tirthankar Banerjee, David M. Broday
Summary: A new method is developed to predict surface PM2.5 concentrations by utilizing information on aerosol type retrieved from satellite observations. The method uses Random Forest and eXtreme Gradient Boosting models with input of widely available satellite aerosol products and surface meteorological data, resulting in improved risk assessment of PM2.5 exposure and more accurate radiative forcing calculations.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Neelam Agrawal, Himanshu Govil, Gaurav Mishra, Manika Gupta, Prashant K. Srivastava
Summary: This study evaluates the potential of the PRISMA dataset for mapping hydrothermally altered and weathered minerals using machine learning algorithms. The spectral angle mapper technique was used to generate distribution maps for minerals such as kaolinite, talc, and montmorillonite, which were verified through field validation surveys. The results demonstrate that the stochastic gradient descent and artificial neural network-based multilayer perceptron classifiers outperformed other algorithms in accuracy.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Pawan Kumar Chaubey, Rajesh Kumar Mall, Prashant K. Srivastava
Summary: Globally, changes in hydroclimate extremes, such as extreme precipitation events, have various impacts on water resources, natural environments, and human health and safety. In recent decades, India has experienced a significant increase in rainfall extremes during the summer monsoon season. However, there is considerable uncertainty regarding future extreme rainfall events at the regional scale. Therefore, this study focuses on evaluating extreme rainfall events at a regional river basin level using observed gridded datasets and climate model projections from CMIP. The results indicate a significant rise in precipitation extremes in the first half of the 21st century, with an increase in accumulated precipitation and precipitation maxima at different return periods. Moreover, the study predicts a 23.37% increase in events exceeding the 90th percentile in the middle of the 21st century.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nitesh Awasthi, Jayant Nath Tripathi, George P. Petropoulos, Dileep Kumar Gupta, Abhay Kumar Singh, Amar Kumar Kathwas, Prashant K. Srivastava
Summary: Extreme climate events are increasing due to global climate change. This study investigates the association between climate variables and vegetation dynamics in the Indian state of Haryana from 2010 to 2020. The analysis reveals a strong correlation between NDVI and LAI with climate variables during cropping months, while the relationship weakens but remains significant during non-cropping months. Rainfall and relative humidity show a positive relationship with NDVI and LAI, while other climatic variables exhibit negative trends. The findings highlight the significant usefulness of satellite-derived vegetation indices in understanding the relationship between climate variables and vegetation dynamics.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Juby Thomas, Manika Gupta, Prashant K. Srivastava, George P. Petropoulos
Summary: Shallow landslides have become more frequent due to changes in rainfall frequency and intensity. This study evaluated a slope stability model called TRIGRS in Idukki district, Kerala, Western Ghats. The study compared the impact of hydrogeomechanical parameters derived from different soil texture data sets on the simulation of landslide distribution and timing. The results indicate that the model simulations using parameters from either data set can identify the location of landslide events, but there is a need for high-spatial-resolution hydrogeomechanical parameter data to improve the timing of landslide event modeling.
ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Brandon M. Lewis, William H. Battye, Viney P. Aneja, Honghyok Kim, Michelle L. Bell
Summary: This study investigated the exposure to pollutants from hog farms and found disparities in exposure based on race/ethnicity, educational attainment, language proficiency, and socioeconomic status. Low-income individuals, people of color, those with low educational attainment, and the linguistically isolated are more likely to be exposed to high levels of pollutants.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kumari Aditi, Abhishek Singh, Tirthankar Banerjee
Summary: The retrieval accuracy and stability of two aerosol retrieval algorithms, Deep Blue (DB) and Dark Target (DT), applied on VIIRS on-board S-NPP satellite over South Asia, were evaluated. The results showed that DB efficiently retrieved fine aerosol features over bright arid surfaces and smoke/dust dominating events, while DT was better at identifying small fire events under dark vegetated surfaces. However, both algorithms showed unsatisfactory retrieval accuracy against AERONET, with a low percentage of valid retrievals and high RMSE and bias. Further refinement is required for the accuracy of both algorithms to continue the MODIS AOD legacy over South Asia.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mangesh M. Goswami, Milind Mujumdar, Bhupendra Bahadur Singh, Madhusudan Ingale, Naresh Ganeshi, Manish Ranalkar, Trenton E. Franz, Prashant Srivastav, Dev Niyogi, R. Krishnan, S. N. Patil
Summary: This study investigates the soil water dynamics in the core monsoon zone of India by analyzing the observations of soil moisture. The research reveals that lower soil moisture is associated with depleted convective activity and higher temperatures during the pre-monsoon season, while monsoon rains increase soil moisture. The study highlights the importance of surface-subsurface soil moisture observations in unraveling the complexity of soil water dynamics.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nandita Singh, Abhishek Singh, Tirthankar Banerjee, Abhishek Chakraborty, Karine Deboudt, Mahesh Mohan
Summary: This study systematically investigated the health risks of exposure to particulate-bound metals of different sizes and analyzed their sources. The results showed that resuspensions of crustal and road dust were the main sources of metals, and industrial emissions and biomass/waste burning were the major contributors to health risks. Metal-contaminated food ingestion posed non-carcinogenic risks, while inhalation of carcinogenic metals increased the risk of cancer. The health risks associated with exposure to size-segregated airborne metals were within the tolerable level but exceeded the safe level of exposure.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)