Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shun-Fat Lau, Amy K. Y. Fu, Nancy Y. Ip
Summary: Genetic analyses have shown the significant role of microglial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, with cytokine-induced microglial responses being a potential target for therapeutic development. However, the transition of microglial states induced by cytokines is complex and not fully understood, along with the mechanisms of how different functional states within this transition regulate AD pathology remaining unclear. This review summarizes the impact of various cytokine signaling pathways on microglial functions in AD and discusses the potential beneficial outcomes of modulating these pathways for therapeutic purposes.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nandini Ghosh, Amitava Das, Nirupam Biswas, Sanskruti P. Mahajan, Amit K. Madeshiya, Savita Khanna, Chandan K. Sen, Sashwati Roy
Summary: Fermented Papaya Preparation (FPP) enhances the host defense mechanisms of macrophages and improves wound healing outcomes. Myo-inositol in FPP is identified as a key factor that improves macrophage function, specifically respiratory burst and phagocytosis. Myo-inositol transporters also play a significant role in this activity.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jingjiao Guan
Summary: This study developed a theoretical model to investigate the relationship between the phagocytic capacity of phagocytes and the geometries of both phagocytes and phagocytic objects. The model was applied to different types of objects and experimental data, resulting in an explicit equation that describes the phagocytic capacity as a function of other parameters.
ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Irina Balazs, Vanessa Stadlbauer
Summary: Neutrophil dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis impairs their ability to fight bacterial infections, leading to negative prognosis and survival. The causes of neutrophil function changes in cirrhosis are not completely understood, hindering the development of effective therapeutic strategies.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jifei Miao, Xiaoming Liu, Yuanpin Liao, Yiwen Li, Yingyan Kuang, Juanxia Zheng, Zigang Li, Jiao Lan
Summary: This study investigates the roles of P53 and TREM2 in regulating macrophage lipid metabolism and phagocytic function. The findings reveal that P53 upregulates the expression of TREM2, promoting macrophage lipid metabolism, metabolic activity, and phagocytic capacity. The study also confirms the interaction between P53 and the TREM2 promoter.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Klaudia Szymczak, Margery G. H. Pelletier, James M. Mackay, DeAnne Reid, Peter C. W. Gaines
Summary: Neutrophils are important regulators of innate immunity, and a small molecule antagonist called RIST4721 can effectively inhibit their chemotaxis in ex vivo-cultured mouse bone marrow cells stimulated by KC. RIST4721-treated neutrophils exhibited enhanced phagocytosis and reactive oxygen species production, confirming the specificity of the drug. These findings suggest that RIST4721 could be a potential treatment for various inflammatory conditions mediated by neutrophils.
Review
Cell Biology
Smita Eknath Desale, Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by abnormal protein deposits that disrupt signal transduction, affecting phosphatidylinositols and cellular cytoskeleton, and impairing microglial signaling pathways.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Ying Yang, Daniel J. Klionsky
Summary: This study reveals that under glucose starvation, AMPK activates ULK1 to regulate the phosphorylation of PIKFYVE, leading to increased formation of PtdIns5P-containing autophagosomes and upregulation of autophagy. This novel discovery not only expands our understanding of autophagy but also provides insights into potential therapeutic strategies for glucose-related disorders.
Article
Neurosciences
Rebeca Caires, Briar Bell, Jungsoo Lee, Luis O. Romero, Valeria Vasquez, Julio F. Cordero-Morales
Summary: Research demonstrates that TRPV1 activity is enhanced when phosphoinositide lipid content is reduced, and the C-terminal domain is crucial in determining agonist response in vivo.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Serena Li-Sue Yan, Il-Young Hwang, Olena Kamenyeva, Juraj Kabat, Ji Sung Kim, Chung Park, John H. Kehrl
Summary: This study demonstrates the critical role of RGS protein/G alpha(i) interactions in shaping neutrophil responses to chemoattractant receptor activation. Mutant neutrophils with disabled RGS protein-G alpha(i2) interactions show impaired trafficking and inflammatory responses, providing insights into the importance of these interactions in normal neutrophil function.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Darshan M. Sivaloganathan, Mark P. Brynildsen
Summary: The interactions between phagosomes and bacteria play a crucial role in infection outcomes and are potential targets for next-generation antibiotics. Understanding these interactions can be achieved through top down or bottom up approaches, which can increase knowledge for developing effective therapies. Interdisciplinary collaboration between immunology, microbiology, and engineering can enhance understanding in this area.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CHEMICAL AND BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING, VOL 12, 2021
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Melina Michael, Barry McCormick, Karen E. Anderson, Utsa Karmakar, Matthieu Vermeren, Stephane Schurmans, Augustin Amour, Sonja Vermeren
Summary: Neutrophils, the most abundant circulating leukocytes in humans, play key roles in host defense and inflammation. The study reveals the important regulatory function of the phosphatase SHIP2 in neutrophil chemotaxis and directionality, offering insights into the complexity of PI3K signaling in neutrophils.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sean P. Giblin, Sashini Ranawana, Shyreen Hassibi, Holly L. Birchenough, Kyle T. Mincham, Robert J. Snelgrove, Tomoko Tsuchiya, Shiro Kanegasaki, Douglas Dyer, James E. Pease
Summary: In this study, the structural and chemoattractant credentials of CXCL17 were evaluated, revealing its difference from chemokines but its ability to bind GAGs and modulate chemotactic responses to another chemokine.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yonggang Ma, Scott S. Kemp, Xiaoyuan Yang, Mack H. Wu, Sarah Y. Yuan
Summary: Phagocytosis and clearance of dying cells by macrophages, known as efferocytosis, play crucial roles in maintaining homeostasis and promoting tissue repair. Defects in efferocytosis are implicated in various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This review highlights the signaling and metabolic processes of macrophage efferocytosis, its importance in tissue homeostasis and repair, and the mechanisms underlying efferocytotic abnormalities in disease or injury conditions. Potential molecular targets for enhanced efferocytosis in animal models of disease are also discussed.
IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jia Yu, Barbara Leibiger, Shao-Nian Yang, Stephen B. B. Shears, Ingo B. B. Leibiger, Per-Olof Berggren, Christopher J. J. Barker
Summary: MINPP1 is an enzyme responsible for metabolizing inositol hexakisphosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5,6 pentakisphosphate in mammalian cells. Our study shows that cytosolic expression of MINPP1 reduces cell growth and lowers the concentration of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate. These findings highlight the importance of MINPP1's confinement to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Glenn F. W. Walpole, Sergio Grinstein, Johannes Westman
Article
Cell Biology
Roni Levin-Konigsberg, Fernando Montano-Rendon, Tal Keren-Kaplan, Ren Li, Braeden Ego, Sivakami Mylvaganam, Jessica E. DiCiccio, William S. Trimble, Michael C. Bassik, Juan S. Bonifacino, Gregory D. Fairn, Sergio Grinstein
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Cell Biology
Glenn F. W. Walpole, Jonathan D. Plumb, Daniel Chung, Brandon Tang, Benoit Boulay, Douglas G. Osborne, Joshua T. Piotrowski, Sergio D. Catz, Daniel D. Billadeau, Sergio Grinstein, Valentin Jaumouille
Article
Microbiology
Johannes Westman, Glenn F. W. Walpole, Lydia Kasper, Bessie Y. Xue, Osama Elshafee, Bernhard Hube, Sergio Grinstein
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Sharon Eisenberg, Ehud Haimov, Glenn F. W. Walpole, Jonathan Plumb, Michael M. Kozlov, Sergio Grinstein
Summary: Anionic phospholipids on biological membranes can affect the electric charge distribution and ion concentration, but little is known about the electrostatic properties of different organellar membranes. Research shows that various organelles have different surface charges, with the inner leaflet of cell membranes being the most negative, while the endoplasmic reticulum has the most positive surface potential.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Glenn F. W. Walpole, Jonathan Pacheco, Neha Chauhan, Jonathan Clark, Karen E. Anderson, Yazan M. Abbas, Danielle Brabant-Kirwan, Fernando Montano-Rendon, Zetao Liu, Hongxian Zhu, John H. Brumell, Alexander Deiters, Len R. Stephens, Phillip T. Hawkins, Gerald R. Hammond, Sergio Grinstein, Gregory D. Fairn
Summary: Phosphoinositides play a central role in membrane traffic and signalling. Pathogenic microorganisms have developed means to subvert phosphoinositide metabolism. The Salmonella effector SopB generates PtdIns(3,4)P2 independently of phosphoinositide 3-kinases and ATP, via a phosphotransferase/phosphoisomerase mechanism.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Fernando Montano-Rendon, Glenn F. W. Walpole, Matthias Krause, Gerald R. V. Hammond, Sergio Grinstein, Gregory D. Fairn
Summary: PI 3-kinase is crucial for phagocytosis, with PI3,4P2, Lamellipodin, and VASP playing essential roles in actin-driven pseudopod extension and particle engulfment. Phosphoinositides are key regulators of vesicular traffic and signaling during phagocytosis, with locally generated PtdIns(3,4)P-2 influencing pseudopod progression and phagocytosis. Lamellipodin and VASP are important actin-regulatory proteins involved in phagosome formation downstream of PtdIns(3,4)P-2.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Yanqi Yu, Zihan Zhang, Glenn F. W. Walpole, Yan Yu
Summary: Using engineered RotSensors, we discovered that the degradation kinetics of individual phagosomes are not random, but rather linked to their intracellular motion. Faster and more rotational phagosomes are more likely to fuse with lysosomes, resulting in more efficient cargo degradation. This suggests that the motion of phagosomes plays a crucial role in controlling the progression of cargo degradation.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
G. Walpole