Article
Environmental Sciences
Mark A. Cantu, Frank A. P. C. Gobas
Summary: The study investigated the bioaccumulation behavior of D6 in rainbow trout and found that the depuration of D6 in fish was mainly through biotransformation in the fish body, leading to a lack of biomagnification. The bioaccumulation capacity of D6 was markedly less than many hydrophobic organochlorines based on comparisons with similar profiles for other chemicals.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mark A. Cantu, Frank A. P. C. Gobas
Summary: The bioaccumulation behavior of three linear methyl-siloxanes in rainbow trout was investigated, revealing significant intestinal biotransformation rates for two of the compounds and distinct bioaccumulation profiles compared to other hydrophobic compounds in the environment.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dave T. F. Kuo, Dominic M. Di Toro
Summary: Technical challenges have hindered the characterization of biotransformation kinetics, which is crucial for understanding and predicting the toxicokinetics and ecotoxicology of organic compounds. A shortcut approach to characterize the in vivo biotransformation rate constant (k(M)) was proposed, which showed good agreement with rigorous fitting or toxicokinetic modeling. The simplified method can help advance interspecies comparison of chemical metabolism and support the development of ecological and health risk-assessment practices.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Markus Brinkmann, Jacob D. Ouellet, Markus Zennegg, Sebastian Buchinger, Georg Reifferscheid, Henner Hollert
Summary: A study developed a model combining sediment desorption and toxicokinetic models to predict concentrations of PCBs and PCDD/Fs in exposed fish muscle. Predictions generally differed less than 10-fold from measured values and showed good performance, with a global coefficient of determination of 0.95.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Valentina Andreea Petre, Florentina Laura Chiriac, Irina Eugenia Lucaciu, Iuliana Paun, Florinela Pirvu, Vasile Ion Iancu, Laura Novac, Stefania Gheorghe
Summary: The bioaccumulation and biotransformation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in carp were evaluated in this study. PFOA and its metabolites were found in various organs of the fish, with the highest concentrations detected in the gallbladder, kidneys, brain, liver, and gonads. This study highlights the importance of monitoring and risk assessment of new synthetic chemicals in aquatic resources.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qifan Liu, Li Li, Xianming Zhang, Amandeep Saini, Wenlong Li, Hayley Hung, Chunyan Hao, Kun Li, Patrick Lee, Jeremy J. B. Wentzell, Chunyan Huo, Shao-Meng Li, Tom Harner, John Liggio
Summary: Commercial chemicals are widely used in urban centers worldwide, potentially posing a risk to 4.2 billion people. Assessments of harmful chemicals are based on their environmental persistence and toxic properties, but existing regulations lack consideration for the transformation products in the atmosphere.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Judit Kalman, Mona Connolly, Fazel Abdolahpur-Monikh, Rocio Fernandez-Saavedra, Ana Cardona-Garcia, Estefania Conde-Vilda, Salome Martinez-Morcillo, Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg, Isabel Rucandio, Maria Luisa Fernandez-Cruz
Summary: The bioaccumulation potential of spherical and rod-shaped CuO nanomaterials in rainbow trout was evaluated. The shape and exposure route of the nanomaterials affected uptake and elimination. Despite higher dietary exposure concentrations, similar Cu body burdens were observed via water exposure for rod-shaped CuO nanomaterials. Therefore, careful consideration of the most relevant exposure route is needed when testing bioaccumulation of nanomaterials.
Article
Environmental Sciences
John W. W. Nichols, Patrick N. N. Fitzsimmons, Alex D. D. Hoffman, Kameron Wong
Summary: Computational models for predicting chemical bioaccumulation in fish often use an apparent first-order whole-body rate constant (k(B); d(-1)) to account for biotransformation. Estimating k(B) without exposing live animals is challenging. One possible method is to extrapolate in vitro intrinsic clearance (CLIN VITRO,INT) to the whole animal (in vitro-in vivo extrapolation, [IVIVE]). However, the accuracy of these predictions is difficult to assess due to uncertainties in extrapolation factors and fish mismatch between in vitro and in vivo experiments.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
M. Isabel Cadena-Aizaga, Sarah Montesdeoca-Esponda, Zoraida Sosa-Ferrera, Jose Juan Santana-Rodriguez
Summary: Organic UV filters, which are added to various products to absorb UV radiation, are continuously released into the aquatic environment, posing a potential hazard to marine organisms. This study analyzed the presence of organic UV filters in primary marine consumers and found the possibility of bioaccumulation and biomagnification for these compounds.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ling Zhang, Bryan W. Brooks, Fen Liu, Zhimin Zhou, Huizhen Li, Jing You
Summary: Chemicals with elevated bioaccumulation profiles pose potential risks to public health and the environment. Existing methods for bioaccumulation determination are not suitable for ionizable organic compounds (IOCs). By using the zebrafish embryo model, researchers elucidated the toxicokinetics and bioconcentration of eight IOCs with diverse traits. The results provide an understanding of the partitioning behavior of IOCs and improve predictive bioconcentration modeling.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ling Zhang, Bryan W. Brooks, Fen Liu, Zhimin Zhou, Huizhen Li, Jing You
Summary: This study investigates the toxicokinetics and bioconcentration of ionizable organic compounds (IOCs) using zebrafish embryos as a model. The results show that these compounds are rapidly taken up and cleared in zebrafish, indicating their readily bioavailability in ionized forms. Predictive bioaccumulation models were constructed based on the human pharmacokinetic proportionality factor, apparent volume of distribution (V-D), and validated using hydrophobicity-based parameters. The study highlights the utility of biologically based ''read-across'' approaches for predicting bioaccumulative potential of IOCs.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Leslie J. Saunders, John W. Nichols, Jon A. Arnot, James M. Armitage, Frank Wania
Summary: The study investigates the use of in vitro intrinsic clearance rates to estimate whole-body biotransformation rate constant for fish and its application in bioaccumulation prediction models. Existing models mainly focus on predicting bioconcentration in fish from aqueous exposure, with little attention paid to dietary exposures. The study presents an amended model that takes into account first pass clearance effects on dietary uptake, and examines the impact of biotransformation in the liver and intestinal epithelia on chemical accumulation during dietary exposure. The findings suggest that first pass clearance by the liver can greatly reduce dietary uptake, especially at rapid rates of in vitro biotransformation, but biotransformation in the intestinal epithelia is also important. However, these two processes cannot entirely explain the reduced dietary uptake reported in in vivo bioaccumulation tests, which is attributed to chemical degradation in the gut lumen. This underscores the need for further research on luminal biotransformation in fish.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dario Savoca, Andrea Pace
Summary: This review surveys recent advances in the impact of poly- and perfluorinated organic compounds on aquatic organisms, covering monitoring studies, bioaccumulative potential, bioindicators, biomolecular effects, and possible solutions to environmental threats posed by PFCs in the aquatic environment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Matthew Schultz, Sophia Krause, Markus Brinkmann
Summary: In vitro biotransformation assays combined with IVIVE models have been proposed as an alternative to live fish bioconcentration studies. The hepatic clearances of five chemicals were investigated using an isolated perfused trout liver model, and the measured rates were compared to intrinsic clearances for validation of IVIVE models. The results show that current IVIVE methods can reliably predict in vivo clearance rates and indicate that discrepancies from measured bioconcentration factors might be driven by other processes.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mehdi Moslemi-Aqdam, George Low, Mike Low, Brian D. Laird, Brian A. Branfireun, Heidi K. Swanson
Summary: The biomagnification of mercury in lake food webs was investigated in ten remote subarctic lakes in Northwest Territories, Canada. The study found significant biomagnification of mercury through the food webs of all lakes and identified forest cover as a key environmental driver of mercury biomagnification.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jenny Bytingsvik, Thomas F. Parkerton, Julien Guyomarch, Luca Tassara, Stephane LeFloch, W. Ray Arnold, Susanne M. Brander, Aswani Volety, Lionel Camus
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mathias Reininghaus, Thomas F. Parkerton, Gesine Witt
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rongfu Huang, Lingling Yang, Zuo Tong How, Zhi Fang, Asfaw Bekele, Daniel J. Letinski, Aaron D. Redman, Mohamed Gamal El-Din
Summary: This study demonstrated a novel application of APGC-TOF-MS combined with SPME for simultaneous analysis of hydrocarbons and NAs in OSPW, revealing significant differences in composition profiles at different extraction pH conditions and good correlation with results from UPLC-TOF-MS analysis.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thomas F. Parkerton, Daniel J. Letinski, Eric J. Febbo, Josh D. Butler, Cary A. Sutherland, Gail E. Bragin, Bryan M. Hedgpeth, Barbara A. Kelley, Aaron D. Redman, Philipp Mayer, Louise Camenzuli, Eleni Vaiopoulou
Summary: This study investigated aquatic toxicity of poorly soluble hydrocarbons using vapor and passive dosing methods, finding that chronic effects were not observed when hydrocarbons had an aqueous solubility below 5 μg/L. This data supports reliable risk evaluation and suggests the importance of understanding the role of biotransformation in chronic tests.
Article
Environmental Sciences
W. Christopher Carleton, Dave Campbell, Mark Collard
Summary: The study found that colder temperatures did not lead to more conflict in Europe between 1000 and 1980 CE. The impact of temperature on conflict is context dependent, and identifying mediating factors should be a priority.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roy Chih Chung Wang, David A. Campbell, James R. Green, Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf
Summary: High-throughput metabolomics is applicable in monitoring and optimizing cell growth across various fields. NMR metabolomics, a fast and reliable experimental method, is suitable for bioreactor monitoring.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daniel J. Letinski, Aaron D. Redman, Heidi Birch, Philipp Mayer
Summary: Water solubility is crucial for understanding the fate and effects of organic compounds in the environment, but testing extremely low solubility compounds remains a challenge. This study introduced a slow-stir method for measuring water solubility and conducted a ring trial across five laboratories to evaluate its performance. Results showed promising reproducibility for both volatile liquid and solid hydrophobic compounds using different methods.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Daniel J. Letinski, Asfaw Bekele, Martin J. Connelly
Summary: Biomimetic extraction using solid-phase microextraction is a passive sampling method that can predict aquatic toxicity of complex petroleum substances. It provides a non-animal alternative to traditional bioassays and has potential to reduce vertebrate and invertebrate aquatic toxicity testing. The method utilizes polydimethylsiloxane-coated fibers and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. It is critical to harmonize the application of the method in terms of extraction, analysis, and standardization parameters. The study presents results from a round robin program comparing the analysis of different water samples by 10 laboratories, demonstrating the reproducibility and importance of precise control in the extraction procedure.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aaron D. Redman, Thomas F. Parkerton, Daniel J. Letinski, Cary A. Sutherland, Josh D. Butler, Dominic M. Di Toro
Summary: Oil spill exposures are highly dynamic and require unique toxicity tests beyond standard laboratory exposures. The study analyzed data from 148 tests to estimate toxicity rates for different species across various hydrocarbons, finding limited influence of temperature, organism size, and substance characteristics on key parameters. A species sensitivity distribution approach was proposed to quantify parameter variability across taxa for future studies.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Thomas F. Parkerton, Deborah French-McCay, Benjamin de Jourdan, Kenneth Lee, Gina Coelho
Summary: The lack of a conceptual understanding and unifying quantitative framework in laboratory oil toxicity tests has led to divergent conclusions and hindered decision-making. Adopting a toxic unit (TU) model framework can improve evaluation of oil toxicity test data and validate/refine predictive toxicity models.
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kathryn L. Platt, Dominic M. Di Toro, Richard F. Carbonaro, Nicolette A. Bugher, Thomas F. Parkerton, Linda J. Eastcott, Paul T. Imhoff
Summary: This study investigates the use of ferrocyanide to enhance the evaporation of soil porewater and transport dissolved salts to the soil surface for remediation of accidental releases of highly saline produced water. The addition of ferrocyanide modifies crystal growth, allowing salt efflorescence and physical removal. The experiments and modeling demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique and the significance of competition among different ions in salt recovery.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Thomas Parkerton, Michel Boufadel, Trond Nordtug, Carys Mitchelmore, Kat Colvin, Dana Wetzel, Mace G. Barron, Gail E. Bragin, Benjamin de Jourdan, Jennifer Loughery
Summary: Laboratory preparation of aqueous test media is crucial for oil spill response decision-making. Different methods have advantages and limitations in preparing dispersed oils. Standardization and improvement of these methods can enhance hazard assessment and modeling. It is recommended to optimize mixing and settling times for equilibrium between oil and test media and consider environmentally relevant preparation methods. Adoption of proposed guidance will improve comparability and utility of toxicity testing in oil spill response.
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Diane L. Brinkman, Florita Flores, Heidi M. Luter, F. Mikaela Nordborg, Maxime Brooks, Thomas F. Parkerton, Andrew P. Negri
Summary: The risks posed by petroleum spills to coral reefs are not well understood. This study aims to quantify the toxicity thresholds of aromatic hydrocarbons to reef-building corals. The results show that Acropora millepora is more sensitive to aromatic hydrocarbons compared to other corals and aquatic taxa.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Review
Statistics & Probability
Shaun McDonald, David Campbell
Summary: The paper discusses methods for conducting inference for probability densities by constructing plausible sets to determine the density of unknown data. This can be interpreted from a frequentist or Bayesian perspective, with multiple inference methods available for selection.
STATISTICS SURVEYS
(2021)