Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ting-Yun Hsieh, Babu Baijnath Prasad, Guang-Yu Guo
Summary: This paper investigates the intrinsic spin Hall effect (SHE) and spin Nernst effect (SNE) in the CoSi family of transition metal monosilicides, and discovers their unconventional chiral fermion semimetals possess unique chiral structures and large spin Hall and spin Nernst conductivities.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nasir Mahmood, Muhammad Ashar Naveed, Malaika Waheed, Tauseef Tauqeer, Muhammad Zubair, Muhammad Qasim Mehmood, Yehia Massoud
Summary: This study presents a unique helicity-dependent broadband multifunctional metasurface platform to manipulate visible light. By integrating multiple optical phenomena into a single-layered metadevice, it achieves uncorrelated spin-dependent responses across the targeted visible spectrum.
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hao Wu, John Nance, Seyed Armin Razavi, David Lujan, Bingqian Dai, Yuxiang Liu, Haoran He, Baoshan Cui, Di Wu, Kin Wong, Kemal Sobotkiewich, Xiaoqin Li, Gregory P. Carman, Kang L. Wang
Summary: The study demonstrates that breaking chiral symmetry with anti-symmetric DMI can induce deterministic SOT switching. By introducing gradients of saturation magnetization or magnetic anisotropy, non-collinear dynamic spin textures are formed, breaking their chiral symmetry and enabling deterministic magnetization switching.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
E. Marsch, Y. Narita
Summary: In this paper, the concept of spin helicity is generalized into a threefold spin helicity, which is found to be connected with the rotation degrees of freedom in 3-D coordinate space. Moreover, the threefold helicity can be associated with the empirical SU(3) color symmetry of quarks, presenting an alternative picture of the physical origin of quark symmetry in compliance with the Coleman-Mandula theorem.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Giovanni Azzolina, Roman Bertoni, Eric Collet
Summary: Spin-transition materials can undergo various types of phase transitions, including non-symmetry-breaking spin transitions and symmetry-breaking phenomena like structural order or spin-state concentration waves. The Landau approach can be used to describe the coupling between these two types of instabilities, generating different sequences of phase transitions.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dmitry Yu Aleshin, Rosa Diego, Leoni A. Barrios, Yulia Nelyubina, Guillem Aromi, Valentin V. Novikov
Summary: The study successfully observed the dynamics of two rare spin states, opening up new possibilities for information storage and processing.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zechao Wang, Ke Pei, Liting Yang, Chendi Yang, Guanyu Chen, Xuebing Zhao, Chao Wang, Zhengwang Liu, Yuan Li, Renchao Che, Jing Zhu
Summary: This study reports the first direct observation of topological spin texture in an underdoped cuprate, YBa2Cu3O6.5, in the pseudogap state, using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM). The spin texture features vortex-like magnetization density in the CuO2 sheets, with a relatively large length scale of about 100 nm. The study identifies the phase-diagram region in which the topological spin texture exists and demonstrates the importance of ortho-II oxygen order and suitable sample thickness for its observation by the technique.
Article
Physics, Applied
Shih-Po Chien, Yu-Chen Chang, Kristan Bryan Simbulan, Shantanu Saha, Yu-Fan Chiang, Rajendra K. Saroj, Gyu-Chul Yi, Shamsul Arafin, Ting-Hua Lu, Yann-Wen Lan
Summary: This study investigates the effects of polarized light on the optical properties of h-BN phonon modes using polarized Raman spectroscopy. The polarization-resolved Raman spectra reveal the symmetrical and broken symmetry nature of degenerate phonon modes induced by linearly and elliptically polarized light, respectively. Furthermore, a helicity exchange is observed between circularly polarized excitation and the resulting opposite circular polarization of scattered light from h-BN.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ye Du, Wei-Qiang Liao, Yibao Li, Chao-Ran Huang, Tian Gan, Xiao-Gang Chen, Hui-Peng Lv, Xian-Jiang Song, Ren-Gen Xiong, Zhong-Xia Wang
Summary: A homochiral organic ferroelectric crystal that exhibits reversible photoinduced molecular orbital breaking and enables reversible switching of ferroelectric domains by optical manipulation was synthesized for the first time. This finding sheds light on the exploration of molecular orbital breaking in ferroelectrics for optical manipulation of ferroelectricity.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
V. Baru, E. Epelbaum, A. A. Filin, C. Hanhart, A. V. Nefediev
Summary: Heavy-quark spin symmetry applies to the direct decay of heavy quarkonia, but can be overcome in the presence of multiquark intermediate states. The violation of HQSS can be balanced by the narrowness of the intermediate states, resulting in equal transition strengths into final states with different total heavy quark spins. Spin symmetry is restored when the mass of a heavy quark becomes infinite.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrey N. Pravdivtsev, Arne Brahms, Frowin Ellermann, Tim Stamp, Rainer Herges, Jan-Bernd Hoevener
Summary: This paper discusses the progress of nuclear magnetic resonance technology in hyperpolarization methods and proposes the use of a large-scale NMR for production of hyperpolarized media. The benefits of radio frequency-induced parahydrogen spin order transfer are highlighted.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Xingchen Liu, Hongming Guan, Ning Tang, Yuanjie Lv, Ling Chen, Xiaoyue Zhang, Shixiong Zhang, Yunfan Zhang, Xinqiang Wang, Weikun Ge, Bo Shen
Summary: The study investigated the angle and external gate-voltage dependences of the interfacial spin-orbit coupling in GaN nanowires using circular photo-galvanic effect (CPGE). The interfacial SOC-induced CPGE shows a twofold degeneracy, while the removal of the sixfold degeneracy is attributed to the asymmetrical optical absorption. The interfacial SOC-induced CPGE shows a weak dependence on the external gate voltage, which is totally different from the WSIA-related SOC.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yutao Sang, Qirong Zhu, Xiaoqin Zhou, Yuqian Jiang, Li Zhang, Minghua Liu
Summary: This study describes the self-assembly of an achiral molecule into a macroscopic helical structure and the emergent chiral-selective spin-filtering effect. A benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA) motif with an aminopyridine group in each arm was found to coordinate with Ag-I and self-assemble into nanospheres. Symmetry breaking occurred upon sonication, resulting in the transformation of nanospheres into helical nanofibers with strong circular dichroism (CD) signals. The CD signals could be controlled by using the chiral assemblies as a seed. Additionally, the helical nanofibers exhibited highly selective charge transport with a spin-polarization transport of up to 45%, despite being composed exclusively of achiral building blocks.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lei Chen, Kun Zhang, Bo Li, Bin Hong, Wentao Huang, Yu He, Xueqiang Feng, Zhizhong Zhang, Kelian Lin, Weisheng Zhao, Yue Zhang
Summary: A series of Pt/Co multilayers with invariable thickness gradient and varying ferromagnet thickness (tFM) are fabricated to explore the mechanism and efficient switching of bulk spin-orbit torque (BSOT). Results show that as tFM increases, the critical current density decreases while the switching efficiency and spin Hall angle enlarges, indicating the superiority of BSOT. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements reveal that increasing the stacking number can effectively introduce strong interfacial spin-orbit coupling at the Pt/Co interface.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zechao Wang, Ke Pei, Liting Yang, Chendi Yang, Guanyu Chen, Xuebing Zhao, Chao Wang, Zhengwang Liu, Yuan Li, Renchao Che, Jing Zhu
Summary: An outstanding challenge in condensed matter physics research has been the understanding of the pseudogap (PG) phenomenon in high-temperature superconducting copper oxides. Previous experiments have shown a symmetry-broken state below the characteristic temperature T*, but lacked nanometer-scale spatial resolution. In this study, we directly observe the topological spin texture in an underdoped cuprate using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM), revealing vortex-like magnetization density on the scale of about 100 nm. We also discuss the interplay between the topological spin texture, PG state, charge order, and superconductivity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Muhammad Imran Anwar, Sumaira Manzoor, Limin Ma, Muhammad Asad, Wenhua Zhang, Zahid Shafiq, Muhammad Naeem Ashiq, Guang Yang
Summary: This study presents a wet chemical method for the synthesis of a binder-free electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution and a remarkable supercapacitor electrode. The designed 3D MOF (AgTz-1) exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity and high energy density, providing an important benchmark for electrocatalysis and energy storage.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Satya Kumar Avula, Saeed Ullah, Sobia Ahsan Halim, Ajmal Khan, Muhammad U. Anwar, Rene Csuk, Ahmed Al-Harrasi
Summary: In this study, 26 compounds of substituted quinoline derivatives were synthesized and their alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity was investigated. Most of the synthesized compounds showed good inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase, and some exhibited very promising results. Compound 12's structure was confirmed through single crystal X-ray diffraction. The study revealed a new series of substituted quinoline derivatives as potential inhibitors of alpha-glucosidase.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Mughees Ahmad, Usama Ijaz Bajwa, Yasar Mehmood, Muhammad Waqas Anwar
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic originating from Wuhan, China in December 2019 has resulted in 324 million infections and 5.53 million deaths worldwide by January 2022. Due to the rapid spread of the virus, countries are facing resource shortages, such as medical test kits and ventilators. In order to address this, a proposed study introduces a novel deep learning model, Lightweight ResGRU, which utilizes chest radiography images for the detection and classification of COVID-19 infections. The results show high accuracy rates, indicating that radiologists can adopt this method for screening chest infections when resources are limited.
NEURAL COMPUTING & APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ahsan Sarwar Rana, Muhammad Zubair, Yifan Chen, Zeng Wang, Jie Deng, Muhammad Tariq Saeed Chani, Aaron Danner, Jinghua Teng, Muhammad Qasim Mehmood
Summary: We report the experimental results of a broadband metasurface solar absorber composed of refractory material chromium. The absorber exhibits high broadband absorptance and has the advantages of resistance to oxidation and corrosion, low cost, and stability at higher temperatures.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sumbel Ijaz, Ehsan Raza, Zubair Ahmad, Muhammad Zubair, Muhammad Qasim Mehmood, Haris Mehmood, Yehia Massoud, M. Muqeet Rehman
Summary: Perovskite solar cells based on carbon electrodes (c-PSCs) without a hole transport material (HTM) have attracted attention due to their cost-effectiveness and simplified structure. However, their application is limited by low efficiency and the use of electron transport materials (ETMs) like TiO2, which undergo extreme temperatures during manufacturing and have poor optoelectronic properties. In this study, an HTM-free device based on FTO/TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/carbon structure is investigated using a one-dimensional Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS-1D). The design is optimized by substituting TiO2 with different inorganic ETMs, resulting in the best performance with ZnSe as the ETM.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Subhan Zakir, Rana Muhammad Hasan Bilal, Muhammad Ashar Naveed, Muhammad Abuzar Baqir, Muhammad Usman Ali Khan, Muhammad Mahmood Ali, Muhammad Ahsan Saeed, Muhammad Qasim Mehmood, Yehia Massoud
Summary: Graphene-based metamaterials are used to develop a broadband absorber for terahertz radiation. The proposed absorber, a graphene meta-square ring with multiple plasmonic resonances, achieves over 95% absorption for normally incident waves and maintains over 80% absorption for obliquely incident waves. It is also polarization-insensitive and its absorption characteristics can be adjusted by changing the chemical potential of graphene. This proposed absorber has the largest reported bandwidth for a single layer absorber with a small footprint, making it suitable for various applications in the terahertz range.
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yousaf Murtaza Rind, Nasir Mahmood, Muhammad Qasim Mehmood, Tauseef Tauqeer, Muhammad Zubair, Yehia Massoud
Summary: Introduces all-dielectric transmissive metasurfaces based on the photonic spin Hall effect, which provide independent control of photons through phase multiplexing, with minimal noise and cross-talk. Demonstrates the functionality through multifocal metalenses that generate high-intensity focused spots under different polarized incidences. This research advances compact multifunctional device design in fields such as microscopy, communication, data storage, and imaging.
OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Muhammad Atif Khan, Faizan Ramzan, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Zubair, Muhammad Qasim Mehmood, Yehia Massoud
Summary: Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) have been extensively studied in the field of electrochemical sensors, with a particular focus on those directly related to human life and health. In this overview, we have explored the applications of 2DMs-based electrochemical sensors, such as graphene and its derivatives, transition metal dichalcogenide, and MXenes, in detecting glucose in human blood, nitrates and nitrites, as well as pesticides. We believe that the discussed areas are of great importance, and our summary of prominent reports in these areas can provide guidance for the future evolution of electrochemical sensors.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Asad Ullah, Muhammad Hamza Zulfiqar, Muhammad Atif Khan, Muhammad Zubair, Muhammad Qasim Mehmood, Yehia Massoud
Summary: An eco-friendly capacitive humidity sensor with interdigital electrodes has been developed for applications in health and medicine. The sensor utilizes copper tape as electrodes and non-woven paper as the sensing layer. It shows a linear response to humidity changes, with a sensitivity of 9.67 pF/% RH. The sensor is stable, repeatable, and has a high sensitivity, making it a promising candidate for practical field applications.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sikandar Abbas, Moazam Maqsood, Nosherwan Shoaib, Muhammad Qasim Mehmood, Muhammad Zubair, Yehia Massoud
Summary: This article presents a wide-band power divider that effectively suppresses harmonics. It combines a Wilkinson power divider with a filter into a single structure. A novel suppressor cell using resonators of various shapes is designed for filtering purposes. The proposed design achieves an operational frequency range of 1.64 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 57 percent, effectively suppressing 24 harmonics with a rejection level exceeding -15 dB. The measured performance demonstrates superiority compared to existing state-of-the-art solutions.
IEEE JOURNAL OF MICROWAVES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ammar Rafique, Naveed Ul Hassan, Muhammad Zubair, Ijaz Haider Naqvi, Muhammad Qasim Mehmood, Marco Di Renzo, Merouane Debbah, Chau Yuen
Summary: The ability of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) to generate complex radiation patterns is influenced by various factors such as unit cell design, spatial arrangement, tuning mechanism, control circuit complexity, and illuminating source type. Research on RIS focuses on optimizing unit cells for specific frequency bands and exploring their applications in different settings. However, the complexity and power requirements of RIS control circuitry are often ignored. As RIS becomes more widespread, it is crucial to consider the interplay between unit cell design, surface-level radiation patterns, control circuit complexity, and power requirements.
IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF THE COMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Muzamil Shah, Muhammad Qasim Mehmood, Yee Sin Ang, Muhammad Zubair, Yehia Massoud
Summary: We investigated the magneto-optical properties of an ultrathin Floquet topological insulator (FTI) in the terahertz frequency regime under an external perpendicular magnetic field. By treating circularly polarized off-resonant light as an external perturbation, we introduced a mass gap at the Dirac cone in the FTI, resulting in massive Dirac fermions in the surface state. Through tuning the optical field energy, we observed electronic phase transitions between the trivial insulator state and the band insulator state in the FTI thin-film system. Using Kubo formalism, we calculated the conductivities and found that they are influenced by the off-resonant optical field, magnetic field, and chemical potentials. Additionally, we demonstrated giant Kerr and Faraday rotations in the FTI thin film, which can be controlled via magnetic and off-resonant optical fields.
Review
Toxicology
Muhammad Ashar Ali, Muhammad Yasir Anwar, Wajeeha Aiman, Gurneel Dhanesar, Zainab Omar, Mohammad Hamza, Maha Zafar, Harish Kumar Rengarajan, Michael Maroules
Summary: ITP is a disease characterized by acquired platelet damage or decreased platelet production. Steroids, IV immunoglobulins, and Rho-anti-D antibodies are commonly used initial treatments, while splenectomy, rituximab, and thrombomimetics are commonly used second-line treatments. Additional treatment options include tyrosine kinase inhibitors like Syk and BTK inhibitors. This review evaluates the safety and efficacy of these inhibitors in treating ITP.
JOURNAL OF XENOBIOTICS
(2023)
