Article
Environmental Sciences
Chak-Hau Michael Tso, Don Monteith, Tony Scott, Helen Watson, Beverley Dodd, M. Gloria Pereira, Peter Henrys, Michael Hollaway, Susannah Rennie, Aaron Lowther, John Watkins, Rebecca Killick, Gordon Blair
Summary: Long-term and short-term changes in atmospheric deposition can affect soil and surface water ecosystems. Analysis of monitoring data from the UK Environmental Change Network shows differences in precipitation chemistry related to weather conditions. Westerly winds are associated with higher rainfall, sea salt concentrations, and lower pollutant concentrations. These findings suggest a shift from anthropogenic emissions to natural emissions and climate forcing.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rongbin Xu, Tingting Ye, Xu Yue, Zhengyu Yang, Wenhua Yu, Yiwen Zhang, Michelle L. Bell, Lidia Morawska, Pei Yu, Yuxi Zhang, Yao Wu, Yanming Liu, Fay Johnston, Yadong Lei, Michael J. Abramson, Yuming Guo, Shanshan Li
Summary: Wildfires caused by climate change are increasing in severity and frequency, leading to higher levels of air pollution. This study reveals that the global population is increasingly exposed to air pollution from landscape fires, with higher levels in low-income countries compared to high-income countries.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yan Lyu, Zhentao Wu, Haonan Wu, Xiaobing Pang, Kai Qin, Baozhen Wang, Shimin Ding, Dongzhi Chen, Jianmeng Chen
Summary: This study comprehensively analyzed the long-term population exposure risks to PM2.5 and ozone in Chinese urban agglomerations and found that PM2.5 concentrations have decreased while ozone concentrations have remained stable or even increased. The improved air quality resulted in a reduction in premature mortality associated with PM2.5, but ozone-related premature mortality varies significantly among regions. Ozone-related premature mortality is expected to increase in the future, highlighting the importance of ozone control.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Junhua Liu, Sarah A. Strode, Qing Liang, Luke D. Oman, Peter R. Colarco, Eric L. Fleming, Michael E. Manyin, Anne R. Douglass, Jerald R. Ziemke, Lok N. Lamsal, Can Li
Summary: This study investigated global and regional tropospheric ozone changes and their impact on total column ozone from 2005 to 2018. It was found that the increase in tropospheric ozone is likely attributed to a growth of regional emissions of key ozone precursors, especially volatile organic compounds.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shovan Kumar Sahu, Shuchang Liu, Song Liu, Dian Ding, Jia Xing
Summary: China experiences high ozone concentrations with the highest contributions in eastern and southern regions. Policy relevant background concentrations are high across China and have significant impacts on total ozone concentrations. Ozone-related premature mortality is mainly concentrated in northern and eastern regions, and ozone from outside Asia also significantly contributes to China's ozone pollution.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aifang Gao, Junyi Wang, Jianfei Luo, Pengfei Wang, Kaiyu Chen, Yiyi Wang, Jingyi Li, Jianlin Hu, Sri Harsha Kota, Hongliang Zhang
Summary: Handan has been experiencing severe air pollution in recent decades, mainly due to the pollutants generated by the city's industries and transportation, resulting in higher premature mortality and economic losses.
AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Pengfei Yu, Robert W. Portmann, Yifeng Peng, Cheng-Cheng Liu, Yunqian Zhu, Elizabeth Asher, Zhixuan Bai, Ye Lu, Jianchun Bian, Michael Mills, Anja Schmidt, Karen H. Rosenlof, Owen B. Toon
Summary: Volcanic and wildfire events between 2014 and 2022 injected 3.2 Tg of sulfur dioxide and 0.8 Tg of smoke aerosols into the stratosphere. The simulated stratospheric lifetime of the injections during this period is 50% longer than previous volcanic injections. These injections resulted in a global mean effective radiative forcing of -0.18 W m(-2), which is 40% of the radiative forcing caused by the Pinatubo eruption. The smoke aerosols from wildfires have a greater negative radiative forcing compared to volcanic sulfate.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Begie C. Perdigones, Soojin Lee, Ronald C. Cohen, Jeong-Hoo Park, Kyung-Eun Min
Summary: This study analyzes the effects of changing emissions on the formation mechanisms of tropospheric ozone (O3), providing insights for regulatory directions. The research finds that reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions can reduce the number of summer days in violation of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for O3, and reducing volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions can also have positive effects.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Begie C. Perdigones, Soojin Lee, Ronald C. Cohen, Jeong-Hoo Park, Kyung-Eun Min
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the effects of changing emissions on the formation mechanisms of tropospheric ozone (O-3) and presents a new approach to quantify the ozone production rate and its sensitivity to precursor levels. The study reveals that in the South Coast Air Basin, reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions is crucial to decrease the number of summer days with ozone violations, and reducing volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions would also be beneficial.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jerry R. Ziemke, Natalya A. Kramarova, Stacey M. Frith, Liang-Kang Huang, David P. Haffner, Krzysztof Wargan, Lok N. Lamsal, Gordon J. Labow, Richard D. McPeters, Pawan K. Bhartia
Summary: Satellite measurements from NASA show that the ozone levels in the Northern Hemisphere during spring-summer periods in 2020 and 2021 were lower than normal, likely due to reduced pollution. Similar ozone reductions were also observed in the Southern Hemisphere during austral summer, but not associated with reduced pollution.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lin Shang, Jiali Luo, Chunxiao Wang
Summary: This study examines simulations of ozone under different scenarios by three CMIP6 models and finds that the change of total column ozone in the tropical stratosphere is not linear as social vulnerability and anthropogenic radiative forcing increases. Recovery of Arctic ozone is unlikely under the SSP1-2.6 scenario, while Antarctic ozone is expected to gradually recover in all scenarios. The trend of tropical total column ozone is mainly determined by the trend of column ozone in the tropical troposphere under certain scenarios.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiaolin Wang, Tzung-May Fu, Lin Zhang, Xiao Lu, Xiong Liu, Teerachai Amnuaylojaroen, Mohd Talib Latif, Yaping Ma, Lijuan Zhang, Xu Feng, Lei Zhu, Huizhong Shen, Xin Yang
Summary: By combining observations and simulations, we assessed the trends of tropospheric ozone over Southeast Asia from 2005 to 2016. The surface ozone levels in Peninsular Southeast Asia showed rapid increases, primarily driven by local emissions, while the Maritime Continents experienced relatively slower increases. It is necessary to quantify Southeast Asian emissions more accurately to improve air quality management.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bin Xu, Haotian Qin, Xiaojing Wu, Yajie Sun
Summary: The study found that MnO2 has two different oxygen vacancies, and the catalytic decomposition efficiency of [Mn3+]-V0-[Mn3+] is significantly higher than that of [Mn3+]-V0. MnO2 with [Mn3+]-V0-[Mn3+] has a lower average oxidation state of Mn and faster electron transfer capacity. A new mechanism of ozone decomposition on [Mn3+]-V0-[Mn3+] was proposed.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Henry Lee, Christian P. Andersen, Peter A. Beedlow, David T. Tingey, Seiji Koike, Jean -Jacques Dubois, S. Douglas Kaylor, Kristopher Novak, R. Byron Rice, Howard S. Neufeld, Jeffrey D. Herrick
Summary: This study examines the biomass response of 16 tree species native to western and eastern North America to elevated levels of ambient O3. The results provide a reference set of parameters for assessing the risk of biomass loss due to O3 exposure and can aid in estimating biomass losses in North America. The study highlights the sensitivity of certain species to O3 exposure and emphasizes the ecological importance of these species.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eram Shahzadi, Muhammad Nawaz, Muhammad Adrees, Muhammad Jawad Asghar, Naeem Iqbal
Summary: This study provides insights into the development of biochemical adaptations in mung beans against ozone toxicity, showing that the application of ascorbic acid and silicic acid can reduce the number of plants with ozone injury symptoms and prevent negative effects.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Carol Stewart, David E. Damby, Claire J. Horwell, Tamar Elias, Evgenia Ilyinskaya, Ines Tomasek, Bernadette M. Longo, Anja Schmidt, Hanne Krage Carlsen, Emily Mason, Peter J. Baxter, Shane Cronin, Claire Witham
Summary: Volcanic air pollution can have health impacts on large populations thousands of kilometers away from the source, and recent advances have been made in assessing, monitoring, and managing these impacts. However, there are still knowledge gaps in understanding the health effects of major eruptions near populated areas, as well as the long-term effects of volcanic emissions. Continued collaboration, equipment and funding support, and ethical permissions are needed for further research and effective communication of health impacts to populations, practitioners, and emergency managers.
BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiankai Zhang, Wenshou Tian, John A. Pyle, James Keeble, Nathan Luke Abraham, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Fei Xie, Qinghua Yang, Longjiang Mu, Hong-Li Ren, Lin Wang, Mian Xu
Summary: The study shows that stratospheric ozone depletion leads to significant reductions in the sea ice concentration and thickness in the Arctic during spring and summer. This is caused by enhanced ice transport and feedbacks from cloud longwave radiation and surface albedo. The study highlights the importance of accurately representing stratosphere-troposphere interactions in predicting Arctic sea ice loss.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ying Chen, Jim Haywood, Yu Wang, Florent Malavelle, George Jordan, Daniel Partridge, Jonathan Fieldsend, Johannes De Leeuw, Anja Schmidt, Nayeong Cho, Lazaros Oreopoulos, Steven Platnick, Daniel Grosvenor, Paul Field, Ulrike Lohmann
Summary: Satellite-based machine-learning analysis suggests that the impact of aerosols on climate is mainly due to changes in cloud cover, rather than changes in cloud brightness. These results provide important observational constraints on the cooling impact of aerosols.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John A. Pyle, James Keeble, Nathan Luke Abraham, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Paul T. Griffiths
Summary: The Montreal Protocol has effectively protected the ozone layer by regulating halogen gases responsible for ozone depletion. While ozone levels have increased in some parts of the atmosphere, further metrics are needed to monitor the success of the Protocol. This study proposes the use of an integrated ozone depletion metric to assess the impact of new emissions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ewa M. Bednarz, Ryan Hossaini, Martyn P. Chipperfield, N. Luke Abraham, Peter Braesicke
Summary: The impacts of chlorinated very short-lived substances (Cl-VSLS) on the stratospheric chlorine budget were assessed using a chemistry-climate model. The study found that Cl-VSLS significantly affected the trends of HCl and COCl2 in the model. The results highlight the strong dependence of simulated stratospheric Cl-VSLS levels on the model's dynamical fields.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yajuan Li, Sandip S. Dhomse, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Wuhu Feng, Andreas Chrysanthou, Yuan Xia, Dong Guo
Summary: This study used a 3D offline chemical transport model to analyze seasonal behavior and long-term trends in stratospheric ozone and mean age of air. The results show that models forced by different meteorological reanalysis data sets can reproduce variations in stratospheric ozone, but may not accurately simulate observed changes, especially in the lower stratosphere.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matilda A. Pimlott, Richard J. Pope, Brian J. Kerridge, Barry G. Latter, Diane S. Knappett, Dwayne E. Heard, Lucy J. Ventress, Richard Siddans, Wuhu Feng, Martyn P. Chipperfield
Summary: This study presents a novel approach to indirectly derive global information on the hydroxyl radical (OH) using satellite observations and a steady-state approximation. The results show that a simplified steady-state approximation can accurately represent OH concentrations, as validated by satellite and aircraft measurements. The study also reveals the global inter-annual variability of OH and identifies ozone and carbon monoxide as the key drivers of this variability.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
A. G. Bruno, J. J. Harrison, D. P. Moore, M. P. Chipperfield, R. J. Pope
Summary: This study presents observations of HCN during the 2015 Indonesian peatland fires using the IASI satellite instrument, and investigates HCN variability using a updated version of the TOMCAT CTM.
NUOVO CIMENTO C-COLLOQUIA AND COMMUNICATIONS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lauren R. Marshall, Elena C. Maters, Anja Schmidt, Claudia Timmreck, Alan Robock, Matthew Toohey
Summary: Volcanic eruptions have been extensively studied for their climatic effects, but uncertainties still remain regarding the evolution of volcanic aerosol cloud and regional impacts. Recent advances in satellite measurements, proxy reconstructions, and aerosol-climate modeling have provided new insights. Future research should focus on co-emissions, tropical hydroclimate, Northern Hemisphere winter climate, and long-term climate change. Improved observation of large-magnitude explosive eruptions will be crucial for filling knowledge gaps.
BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Beatriz M. Monge-Sanz, Alessio Bozzo, Nicholas Byrne, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Michail Diamantakis, Johannes Flemming, Lesley J. Gray, Robin J. Hogan, Luke Jones, Linus Magnusson, Inna Polichtchouk, Theodore G. Shepherd, Nils Wedi, Antje Weisheimer
Summary: This study implemented a new stratospheric ozone model and tested its performance for different timescales. The results showed that the new model provided accurate ozone distribution and improved the description of the stratosphere in the ECMWF system, even for unusual meteorological conditions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Richard J. Pope, Rebecca Kelly, Eloise A. Marais, Ailish M. Graham, Chris Wilson, Jeremy J. Harrison, Savio J. A. Moniz, Mohamed Ghalaieny, Steve R. Arnold, Martyn P. Chipperfield
Summary: Nitrogen oxides are potent air pollutants that directly affect human health and contribute to the formation of other hazardous pollutants. This study uses satellite data to assess the spatiotemporal variability and magnitude of NOx emissions in the United Kingdom and finds a decreasing trend in emissions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Piera Raspollini, Enrico Arnone, Flavio Barbara, Massimo Bianchini, Bruno Carli, Simone Ceccherini, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Angelika Dehn, Stefano Della Fera, Bianca Maria Dinelli, Anu Dudhia, Jean-Marie Flaud, Marco Gai, Michael Kiefer, Manuel Lopez-Puertas, David P. Moore, Alessandro Piro, John J. Remedios, Marco Ridolfi, Harjinder Sembhi, Luca Sgheri, Nicola Zoppetti
Summary: High-quality long-term altitude-resolved atmospheric composition data sets are important for studying atmosphere evolution and future missions. Numerous improvements were implemented in the reprocessing of MIPAS data on ENVISAT, covering all aspects of the processing chain, from measurements modeling to retrieval technique enhancements.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Davide Zanchettin, Claudia Timmreck, Myriam Khodri, Anja Schmidt, Matthew Toohey, Manabu Abe, Slimane Bekki, Jason Cole, Shih-Wei Fang, Wuhu Feng, Gabriele Hegerl, Ben Johnson, Nicolas Lebas, Allegra N. LeGrande, Graham W. Mann, Lauren Marshall, Landon Rieger, Alan Robock, Sara Rubinetti, Kostas Tsigaridis, Helen Weierbach
Summary: This paper presents initial results from a multi-model ensemble analysis of the climatic response to volcanic forcing. The analysis shows overall good agreement between different models on the global and hemispheric scales, indicating the effectiveness of the experimental design.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Martin J. Osborne, Johannes de Leeuw, Claire Witham, Anja Schmidt, Frances Beckett, Nina Kristiansen, Joelle Buxmann, Cameron Saint, Ellsworth J. Welton, Javier Fochesatto, Ana R. Gomes, Ulrich Bundke, Andreas Petzold, Franco Marenco, Jim Haywood
Summary: Using numerical simulations and observation data, researchers identified that the stratospheric layers over the UK were not caused by the Raikoke volcano eruption, but by smoke aerosols from intense forest fires in Canada.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sandip S. Dhomse, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Wuhu Feng, Ryan Hossaini, Graham W. Mann, Michelle L. Santee, Mark Weber
Summary: This study utilized data from the MLS instrument on the Aura satellite to estimate the 11-year Solar Cycle Signal (SCS) in stratospheric ozone, finding significant differences compared to previous studies based on other satellite instruments. The research also highlighted large discrepancies between modelled ozone SCS in the lower stratosphere and observational data.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)