Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Grace B. Choi, Eric P. Smith, Stefan M. Duma, Steven Rowson, Eamon Campolettano, Mireille E. Kelley, Derek A. Jones, Joel D. Stitzel, Jillian E. Urban, Amaris Genemaras, Jonathan G. Beckwith, Richard M. Greenwald, Arthur Maerlender, Joseph J. Crisco
Summary: The study aims to quantify and assess Head Impact Exposure (HIE) metrics among youth and collegiate football players. The study found that youth players experienced fewer impacts and lower impact magnitudes compared to collegiate players, with impacts during competition being more frequent and of greater magnitude than during practice at both levels.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Dean E. Jacks, William D. Tereshko, Justin B. Moore
Summary: Limited research has been conducted on the association between head trauma exposure and long-term concussion-related symptoms among former college football players. This study found that undiagnosed head injuries were significantly associated with concussion-related symptoms later in life.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Ellen Shanley, Charles Thigpen, Michael Kissenberth, Robert Gil Gilliland, John Thorpe, Darryl Nance, Johna K. Register-Mihalik, John Tokish
Summary: The study found that football players receiving heads up (HU) training had a significantly lower rate of sport-related concussions compared to those without HU training, and the HU group returned to full participation faster. This research supports the use of US heads up football training as an effective method to reduce the rate of concussions in scholastic football players.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Suraj K. Puvvada, Elizabeth M. Davenport, James M. Holcomb, Logan E. Miller, Christopher T. Whitlow, Alexander K. Powers, Joseph A. Maldjian, Joel D. Stitzel, Jillian E. Urban
Summary: The study highlights the importance of understanding the impact of football on the brains of youth and adolescents, as repeated subconcussive head impact exposure may lead to negative neurological sequelae. The research also shows a strong correlation between cumulative head impact exposure metrics and changes in diffusion tensor imaging metrics, particularly in relation to mean diffusivity. Further investigation into the physiological phenomena represented by directional changes is encouraged.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel H. Daneshvar, Evan S. Nair, Zachary H. Baucom, Abigail Rasch, Bobak Abdolmohammadi, Madeline Uretsky, Nicole Saltiel, Arsal Shah, Johnny Jarnagin, Christine M. Baugh, Brett M. Martin, Joseph N. Palmisano, Jonathan D. Cherry, Victor E. Alvarez, Bertrand R. Huber, Jennifer Weuve, Christopher J. Nowinski, Robert C. Cantu, Ross D. Zafonte, Brigid Dwyer, John F. Crary, Lee E. Goldstein, Neil W. Kowall, Douglas I. Katz, Robert A. Stern, Yorghos Tripodis, Thor D. Stein, Michael D. McClean, Michael L. Alosco, Ann C. McKee, Jesse Mez
Summary: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative tauopathy associated with repetitive head impacts (RHI). The relationship between the components of RHI exposure and CTE pathology remains unclear. Using American football helmet sensor data, this study finds that duration of play, cumulative head impacts, and linear and rotational accelerations are significantly associated with CTE pathology.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jason C. Dorman, Daniel N. Poel, Verle D. Valentine, Thayne A. Munce
Summary: This study examined the head impact exposure of middle school football players over multiple seasons and found a significant reduction in head impacts. The most prominent decline occurred in practices, although head impacts in games also decreased.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Bradley J. Lauck, Aaron M. Sinnott, Adam W. Kiefer, Darin A. Padua, Jacob R. Powell, Haley R. Sledge, Jason P. Mihalik
Summary: This study investigates the association between head impact biomechanics and physical load metrics in American football. The findings suggest that physical load burden is closely related to repetitive head impact exposure (RHIE) within sessions and across an entire season. The type of session affects both RHIE and player load, while player position only affects player load.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Janna Kochsiek, Lauren J. O'Donnell, Fan Zhang, Elena M. Bonke, Nico Sollmann, Yorghos Tripodis, Tim L. T. Wiegand, David Kaufmann, Lisa Umminger, Maria A. Di Biase, Elisabeth Kaufmann, Vivian Schultz, Michael L. Alosco, Brett M. Martin, Alexander P. Lin, Michael J. Coleman, Yogesh Rathi, Ofer Pasternak, Sylvain Bouix, Robert A. Stern, Martha E. Shenton, Inga K. Koerte
Summary: This retrospective cohort study found an association between repetitive head impacts and later-life corpus callosum microstructure, plasma total tau, and clinical functioning in former professional American football players.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maged Goubran, Brian David Mills, Marios Georgiadis, Mahta Karimpoor, Nicole Mouchawar, Sohrab Sami, Emily Larson Dennis, Carolyn Akers, Lex Mitchell, Brian Boldt, David Douglas, Phillip Scott Digiacomo, Jarrett Rosenberg, Gerald Grant, Max Wintermark, David Benjamin Camarillo, Michael Zeineh
Summary: This study investigated longitudinal changes in brain microstructure of high-contact (football) and low-contact (volleyball) collegiate athletes using advanced diffusion MRI. It found significant differences in microstructural metrics and tracts between football and volleyball players, especially in concussed football players. The findings suggest alterations in white matter development in football athletes due to concussive and repeated subconcussive impacts.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Taylor R. Zuidema, Jeffrey J. Bazarian, Kyle A. Kercher, Rebekah Mannix, Reuben H. Kraft, Sharlene D. Newman, Keisuke Ejima, Devin J. Rettke, Jonathan T. Macy, Jesse A. Steinfeldt, Keisuke Kawata
Summary: This study aimed to examine the changes in clinical and blood biomarkers in adolescent football players and explore the associated factors. The results showed impairments in oculomotor function and elevations in blood biomarker levels among football players. Long-term follow-up studies are needed to understand the long-term effects of subconcussive head impacts in adolescent football players.
Article
Sport Sciences
Brian D. Stemper, Jaroslaw Harezlak, Alok S. Shah, Steven Rowson, Jason P. Mihalik, Larry Riggen, Stefan Duma, Paul Pasquina, Steven P. Broglio, Thomas W. Mcallister, Michael A. Mccrea
Summary: The study identified strong associations between head impact exposure (HIE) and concussion incidence during different periods of the season. Preseason HIE was associated with preseason and total season concussion incidence, and total season HIE was associated with total season concussion incidence.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Alexander W. Gilbert, Jesse M. Bering, Lynley C. Anderson
Summary: The uncertainty surrounding the risk of injury due to heading, especially for youth players, warrants a precautionary approach to heading regulation. Further research is needed to ensure that future risk management strategies in football are evidence-based and prioritize safety for vulnerable individuals. The adoption of heading guidelines reflects a proactive response to the uncertain risk of neurological outcomes from heading.
SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN FOOTBALL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jeffrey S. Brooks, Kody R. Campbell, Wayne Allison, Andrew M. Johnson, James P. Dickey
Summary: This study quantified head impact exposures for Canadian university football players over their varsity career. The results showed that the number of head impacts experienced by players during their careers was proportional to the number of athletic exposures. Defensive backs, quarterbacks, and wide receivers experienced more head impacts compared to defensive and offensive linemen. Seniority and years of experience had an impact on head impacts. The study provides insights to reduce head impacts through rule modifications and contact regulations.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOMECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Laura D. Wilson, Rachel A. Hildebrand, Trang Le, Brett A. McKinney
Summary: This study identifies activities and positions that may put players at risk for repetitive head impacts (RHI) exposure in collegiate football. It shows that cumulative RHI exposure is associated with short-term declines in reaction time, while acute decline in balance is related to the number of impacts sustained in the past week.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
David M. Johnson, Sean P. Cumming, Ben Bradley, Sean Williams
Summary: This study investigated the influence of growth rate, lower-limb growth rate, maturation, and exposure time on injury risk in adolescent football players. The results showed that there were linear or non-linear relationships between growth rate, lower-limb growth rate, and percentage of predicted adult stature with injury incidence and injury burden. Practitioners should closely monitor growth and exposure time to identify players at higher risk of injury.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Timothy C. Mauntel, Matthew S. Tenan, Brett A. Freedman, Benjamin K. Potter, Matthew T. Provencher, John M. Tokish, Ian E. Lee, Daniel Rhon, James R. Bailey, Travis C. Burns, Kenneth L. Cameron, Eric S. Grenier, Chad A. Haley, Lance E. Leclere, Lucas S. McDonald, Brett D. Owens, Mark P. Pallis, Matthew A. Posner, Jessica C. Rivera, Christopher J. Roach, Richard J. Robins, Matthew R. Schmitz, Andrew J. Sheean, Mark A. Slabaugh, William R. Volk, Jonathan F. Dickens
Summary: This article introduces the structural framework of MOTION and how it can be used to optimize musculoskeletal care. By capturing key data, MOTION aims to improve military medical readiness and resource utilization, aligning with the goals of the National Defense Authorization Act and the Defense Health Agency.
Article
Sport Sciences
Timothy G. Eckard, Story F. P. Miraldi, Karen Y. Peck, Matthew A. Posner, Steven J. Svoboda, Lindsay J. DiStefano, Darin A. Padua, Stephen W. Marshall, Kenneth L. Cameron
Summary: This study provides evidence that the expanded and automated LESS scoring system is associated with the incidence of BSI in a military training population. The automated LESS-22 may be a scalable solution for screening military training populations for BSI risk.
JOURNAL OF ATHLETIC TRAINING
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Steven P. Broglio, Thomas McAllister, Barry P. Katz, Michelle LaPradd, Wenxian Zhou, Michael A. McCrea
Summary: This study investigated the acute natural history of sport-related concussion in male and female collegiate athletes, finding that recovery time from concussion was affected by factors such as post-injury assessments, initial symptom severity, and history of prior concussions. Although median recovery times were consistent with previous guidelines, a majority of collegiate athletes were not cleared for unrestricted sport participation until 1 month post-injury, suggesting a unified approach to post-injury monitoring and management.
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Melissa C. Kay, Heidi Hennink-Kaminski, Zachary Y. Kerr, Paula Gildner, Brittany M. Ingram, Kenneth L. Cameron, Megan N. Houston, Laura A. Linnan, Stephen W. Marshall, Karen Y. Peck, Johna K. Register-Mihalik
Summary: Participation in sports has many health benefits, but it also comes with the risk of injuries, particularly concussions. The lack of visible signs and symptoms makes self-disclosure and care seeking after a concussion crucial. This study aims to understand the factors and expectations of NCAA athletes that may influence concussion disclosure.
JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rany Vorn, Sara Mithani, Christina Devoto, Timothy B. Meier, Chen Lai, Sijung Yun, Steven P. Broglio, Thomas W. McAllister, Christopher C. Giza, Hyung-Suk Kim, Daniel Huber, Jaroslaw Harezlak, Kenneth L. Cameron, Gerald McGinty, Jonathan Jackson, Kevin M. Guskiewicz, Jason P. Mihalik, Alison Brooks, Stefan Duma, Steven Rowson, Lindsay D. Nelson, Paul Pasquina, Michael A. McCrea, Jessica M. Gill, CARE Consortium Investigators
Summary: This study investigated plasma proteomic profiling to identify biomarkers related to return to sport (RTS) following sport-related concussion (SRC). Results showed that there were 87 dysregulated plasma proteins in concussed athletes with recovery >= 14-days, associated with the STAT3 pathway, regulation of the epithelial mesenchymal transition by growth factors pathway, and acute phase response signaling. These findings provide insights into the neurobiological recovery mechanism.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jeremy D. Ross, Matthew C. Hoch, Steven R. Malvasi, Kenneth L. Cameron, Megan H. Roach
Summary: This study validated the use of an inertial measurement unit in commercially available tablets to objectively measure postural sway during the traditional Balance Error Scoring System (BESS). The results showed moderate to strong correlations between human-rated BESS errors and iBESS volume at baseline and in change scores.
SPORTS HEALTH-A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Kenneth L. Cameron, Karen Y. Peck, Steven M. Davi, Brett D. Owens, Steven J. Svoboda, Lindsay J. DiStefano, Stephen W. Marshall, Sarah J. de la Motte, Anthony I. Beutler, Darin A. Padua
Summary: The baseline Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) scores are associated with the incidence rate of lower extremity stress fracture, with a 15% increase in fracture rate for every additional movement error. Unstable and asymmetrical landing positions increase the risk of lower extremity stress fractures.
ORTHOPAEDIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Michael D. Bedrin, Brett D. Owens, Sean E. Slaven, Lance E. LeClere, Michael A. Donohue, David J. Tennent, Ronald P. Goodlett, Kenneth L. Cameron, Matthew A. Posner, Jonathan F. Dickens
Summary: The study found that posterior glenohumeral instability events were associated with 5% of glenoid bone loss, and the amount of bone loss after a recurrent instability event was greater than after a first-time event. In addition, glenoid retroversion >= 10 degrees was also associated with a greater amount of bone loss.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Robert C. Lynall, Christopher D'Lauro, Zachary Y. Kerr, Kristen Knight, Emily Kroshus, Daniel D. Leeds, Johna K. Register-Mihalik, Michael McCrea, Steven P. Broglio, Thomas McAllister, Julianne D. Schmidt
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the association between previous concussion diagnosis status and outcomes on standard baseline concussion assessments. The results showed that individuals with a history of undiagnosed concussions performed worse on baseline clinical indicators.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Megan H. Roach, Michael J. Aderman, Shawn M. Gee, Karen Y. Peck, Sean P. Roach, Donald L. Goss, Matthew A. Posner, Chad A. Haley, Steven J. Svoboda, Kenneth L. Cameron
Summary: The study suggests that the choice of ACL graft source may impact lower extremity functional test performance and failure rate. Hamstring autografts showed better functional performance but increased risk of graft failure.
SPORTS HEALTH-A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Bobby G. Yow, Ashley B. Anderson, Zein Aburish, David J. Tennent, Lance E. Leclere, John-Paul H. Rue, Brett D. Owens, Michael Donohue, Kenneth L. Cameron, Matthew Posner, Jonathan F. Dickens
Summary: This study compared the beach-chair (BC) position and the lateral decubitus (LD) position for arthroscopic anterior shoulder stabilization. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the rates of recurrence and revision surgery between the two positions. Age was identified as an independent risk factor for recurrence.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Benjamin G. G. Adams, Kathryn M. M. Taylor, Kenneth L. L. Cameron, Bradley M. M. Ritland, Richard B. B. Westrick
Summary: This study examined the relationship between baseline variables and postoperative injury or military discharge in US Army soldiers after knee surgery. The results showed that soldiers with a previous nonknee injury, female soldiers, and Black soldiers were more likely to experience postoperative injury. Factors such as enlisted rank, recent fitness test failure, number of previous knee surgeries, and previous nonknee injury were associated with military discharge due to knee-related disability.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Jaimie V. Little, Timothy G. Eckard, Lindsay J. DiStefano, Kenneth L. Cameron, Stephen W. Marshall, Darin A. Padua
Summary: There was no significant association between knee valgus angle during a jump-landing task and increased odds of bone stress injury (BSI) in a military training population. Evaluating knee valgus angle data cannot effectively screen for BSI.
JOURNAL OF SPORT REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jonathan Alessi, Mario Dzemidzic, Katherine Benson, George Chittum, Ann Kosobud, Jaroslaw Harezlak, Martin H. Plawecki, Sean J. O'Connor, David A. Kareken
Summary: This study investigated the neural basis of the association between high-intensity sweet-liking and alcohol use disorder (AUD) risk. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the researchers found that the liking of high-concentration sucrose taste was positively correlated with brain responses in the supplementary motor area and right dorsal anterior insula, which are known to be involved in the salience network.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Edward Simpson, Jill L. Reiter, Jie Ren, Zhiqi Zhang, Kelly N. Nudelman, Larry D. Riggen Jr, Michael D. Menser, Jaroslaw Harezlak, Tatiana M. Foroud, Andrew J. Saykin, Alison Brooks, Kenneth L. Cameron, Stefan M. Duma, Gerald Mcginty, Steven Rowson, Steven J. Svoboda, Steven P. Broglio, Michael A. McCrea, Paul F. Pasquina, Thomas W. Mcallister, Yunlong Liu, CARE Consortium Investigators
Summary: This study analyzed the gene expression changes in peripheral blood following concussion in collegiate athletes. The results showed immediate activation of cytokine and immune response signaling pathways, which later seemed to be suppressed. Additionally, the study found an increase in neutrophils and a decrease in natural killer cells in the blood following concussion.