Article
Plant Sciences
Taheni Gargouri Jbir, Frankie K. Crutcher, John Rickertsen, Dimitri Fonseka, Andrew J. Friskop, Audrey K. Kalil
Summary: In the semiarid regions of North Dakota and Montana, modifying planting date can reduce disease risk and maximize yield of durum wheat. Early planting increases yield and influences ergot incidence. Reduced susceptibility to leaf spot and Fusarium head blight is associated with decreased disease severity and deoxynivalenol levels.
Article
Plant Sciences
David Moseley, Marcos Paulo da Silva, Leandro Mozzoni, Moldir Orazaly, Liliana Florez-Palacios, Andrea Acuna, Chengjun Wu, Pengyin Chen
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of cultivar, planting date, and harvest date on edamame color, pod weight, and quality index. Results showed that quality depended on the combination of cultivar, planting date, and harvest date, with delayed planting contributing to higher quality and a quadratic negative response to delayed harvest. Maximum quality was influenced by cultivar and planting/harvest dates, remaining stable for an interval around the peak.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Kaikuo Wu, Zhe Zhang, Liangshan Feng, Wei Bai, Chen Feng, Yuchao Song, Ping Gong, Yue Meng, Lili Zhang
Summary: Returning corn stalks to the field can reduce N2O emissions, especially when combined with urea application. By lowering the concentrations of NH4+-N and NO3--N derived from urea, the substrate required for N2O production in nitrification and denitrification processes is reduced. Additionally, the combination of corn stalks and urea can effectively inhibit the abundance of key N2O-producing genes AOA amoA, nirS, and nirK.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amanda Weidhuner, Omid R. Zandvakili, Ronald Krausz, Stephen J. Crittenden, Meihua Deng, Dane Hunter, Amir Sadeghpour
Summary: Continuous no-till (NT) practices have the potential to reduce nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and maintain corn grain yield. In a long-term experiment, continuous NT was found to mitigate climate change and increase multi-sphere benefits.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Steven B. Mirsky, Brian W. Davis, Hanna Poffenbarger, Michel A. Cavigelli, Jude E. Maul, Harry Schomberg, John T. Spargo, Resham Thapa
Summary: Cover crop quality and nitrogen inputs have a linear-plateau relationship with corn yield, and optimizing corn yields requires additional poultry litter application based on the cover crop C:N ratio. Comparing different application methods, there were no significant differences in corn yield responses. This approach provides guidance for nitrogen management in subsequent cash crops following winter cover crops.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Marie-Elise Samson, Martin H. Chantigny, Anne Vanasse, Safya Menasseri-Aubry, Isabelle Royer, Denis A. Angers
Summary: Subsoil contains around half of the global soil organic carbon (C) and the responses of C and nitrogen (N) to different agricultural management practices in subsoil are uncertain. This study compared the effects of 20 different management systems on C and N stocks in two Brunisols with different textures, showing that management practices significantly influenced C and N stocks in subsoil layers, with different responses compared to topsoil. Ultimately, management differences in subsoil C and N stocks were more pronounced than in topsoil, suggesting that deep soil layers must be considered for effective C stock management in agricultural soils.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Peng Pan, Zhiming Qi, Tiequan Zhang, Liwang Ma
Summary: Although agriculture uses most of the world's annual phosphorus production, it is only effectively utilized by plants. A study using the RZWQM2-P model investigated the long-term P losses through tile drainage and found that the model accurately simulated field-measured drainage water flow and P losses, except for DRP when compost was applied.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Kipling S. Balkcom, Quentin D. Read, Audrey V. Gamble
Summary: Management is key to optimizing cover crop benefits and costs. The study investigated the impact of planting dates, seeding rates, and nitrogen rates on rye biomass production, nitrogen uptake, C:N ratio, biomass value, cash crop yields, and soil organic C in a peanut/cotton rotation. Results showed that early planting dates resulted in higher biomass production, while nitrogen increased biomass production but decreased total biomass amounts. Planting date had a greater impact on the C:N ratio than nitrogen rates. The study emphasized the importance of planting date for improving cover crop performance and return on investment for growers in the southeastern United States.
Article
Agronomy
Yang Li, Jing Wang, Jianzhao Tang, Enli Wang, Zhihua Pan, Xuebiao Pan, Qi Hu
Summary: The study found that late planting with middle- to late-maturing potato cultivars could increase rainfed potato yield in North China. Along a 'N-S' transect, later planting with early-maturing cultivars is recommended for high yield and yield stability, while a 'W-E' transect should opt for later planting with late-maturing cultivars. The growth period and growing season precipitation were key factors influencing the variation in potato yield stability.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Kelsey L. Griesheim, Richard L. Mulvaney, Tim J. Smith, Allan J. Hertzberger
Summary: Numerous studies have shown the benefits of starter fertilization for corn production. In this study, field trials were conducted to compare different placement methods of N-15-labeled urea-ammonium nitrate solution. While there were significant differences in dry matter production and N uptake between fertilized and unfertilized treatments, there were no significant differences among the placement methods. However, subsurface banding showed higher N uptake efficiency compared to surface dribble and broadcasting, consistently outperforming broadcasting in terms of total aboveground biomass.
SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Montserrat Salmeron, Fred M. Bourland, Normie W. Buehring, Larry Earnest, Felix B. Fritschi, Edward E. Gbur, Bobby R. Golden, Daniel Hathcoat, Josh Lofton, Angela Thompson McClure, Travis D. Miller, Clark Neely, Grover Shannon, Theophilus K. Udeigwe, David A. Verbree, Earl D. Vories, William J. Wiebold, Larry C. Purcell
Summary: Planting date and cultivar maturity group have significant effects on soybean yield and quality. Delayed planting date and later cultivar maturity can reduce seed oil concentration, while short-season cultivar maturity can lower the risk of low meal protein concentration.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Gabriel Dias Paiao, Fabian G. Fernandez, Seth L. Naeve
Summary: This study found that soil drainage significantly affects corn grain yield, nitrogen requirement, and residual soil nitrogen. Drained soil conditions were found to be more conducive to corn growth, and adjusting nitrogen application rates based on soil drainage conditions can improve yield.
Article
Agronomy
Robert Mangani, Kpoti M. Gunn, Nicky M. Creux
Summary: The anticipated climate change in South Africa is of great concern as it may limit maize production and threaten food security. The study suggests that future climate changes may affect the development and maturity of maize crops, particularly due to extreme temperatures. However, opportunities to shift planting to later dates in the region may exist.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yaming Zhai, Qinyuan Zhu, Ying Xiao, Jingnan Chen, Maomao Hou, Lin Zhu
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of organic fertilizer application and subsurface drainage on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from saline soil. The results showed that a smaller spacing or a higher replacement proportion of organic fertilizer reduced cumulative N2O emissions. Additionally, the use of organic fertilizer increased nitrogen uptake and yield of sunflowers while decreasing soil salinity.
Article
Agronomy
Christine D. Sprunger, Steve W. Culman, Leonardo Deiss, Caroline Brock, Douglas Jackson-Smith
Summary: The study found that crop diversity was negatively correlated with mineralizable C and soil N, mainly due to an increase in tillage frequency with higher crop diversity. The presence of perennials in rotation influenced soil biochemical health indicators, with mineralizable C significantly increasing with longer periods of perennial rotation.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sarah A. Tessendorf, Sisi Chen, Courtney Weeks, Roelof Bruintjes, Roy M. Rasmussen, Lulin Xue
Summary: This study analyzed the initial cloud-base droplet spectra of seeded and unseeded clouds observed during a field campaign, showing that seeding had a significant impact on droplet size in certain aerosol regimes. The results were supported by parcel model simulations, indicating that the seeding effect was more pronounced in continental-influenced aerosol regimes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sourav Taraphdar, Olivier M. Pauluis, Lulin Xue, Changhai Liu, Roy Rasmussen, R. S. Ajayamohan, Sarah Tessendorf, Xiaoqin Jing, Sisi Chen, Wojciech W. Grabowski
Summary: This study evaluates the performance of different configurations of the WRF model over the UAE and Middle-East, finding that the 9 km resolution model shows good skill in capturing synoptic and meso-scale precipitation distributions. The aerosol-aware Thompson microphysics scheme outperforms the WRF double moment 6 class microphysics in annual mean precipitation over the Middle-East. Different Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) physics can lead to large differences in annual rainfall, with the Quasi-Normal Scale Elimination (QNSE) PBL scheme producing stronger precipitation and better agreement with observations.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yali Wu, Juanzhen Sun, Zhuming Ying, Lulin Xue, Dehui Chen, Wenshi Lin
Summary: The study revealed the crucial roles played by Huadu Mountain in initiating convection through orographic blocking and nighttime cooling, which led to the accumulation of water vapor and the formation and growth of cloud water. Additionally, the urban heat island (UHI) also influenced local rainstorm events by increasing low-level convergence, emphasizing the importance of small-scale orography and urban underlying surface interactions in triggering such events.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sisi Chen, Lulin Xue, M. K. Yau
Summary: This study found that seeding giant particles in turbulent clouds can alter the collision-coalescence process and importance lies in including solute effects. Furthermore, small-scale supersaturation fluctuations have little impact on aerosol activation and droplet condensation in regions without mixing with dry air.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xuancheng Liu, Lulin Xue, Baojun Chen, Yixuan Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of raindrop size distribution in Chongqing, China, and found significant differences in summer rainfall compared to winter. A novel relationship between the shape parameter of the gamma distribution and the mean volume diameter was proposed, allowing for a wider range of mean volume diameter of raindrops.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Lulin Xue, Courtney Weeks, Sisi Chen, Sarah A. Tessendorf, Roy M. Rasmussen, Kyoko Ikeda, Branko Kosovic, Dalton Behringer, Jeffery R. French, Katja Friedrich, Troy J. Zaremba, Robert M. Rauber, Christian P. Lackner, Bart Geerts, Derek Blestrud, Melvin Kunkel, Nick Dawson, Shaun Parkinson
Summary: This study demonstrates that the WRF-WxMod model is capable of accurately simulating and quantifying the features of natural and seeded clouds under the validation of key observational data. The high-resolution simulations compare well with field observations, providing valuable insights into the impacts of airborne glaciogenic seeding on wintertime orographic clouds.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Noemi Sarkadi, Lulin Xue, Wojciech W. Grabowski, Zachary J. Lebo, Hugh Morrison, Bethan White, Jiwen Fan, Jimy Dudhia, Istvan Geresdi
Summary: This paper presents the incorporation of microphysical piggybacking into the WRF model and demonstrates its applications and benefits in two idealized cases. The piggybacking simulations show that microphysical-dynamics interactions play a more important role than pure microphysical size sorting in transition zone formation, and the increase in cloud cover and decrease in supersaturation are mainly associated with increased cloud condensation nuclei.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qingguan Wu, Yong He, Chandra A. Madramootoo, Zhiming Qi, Lulin Xue, Melissa Bukovsky, Qianjing Jiang
Summary: This study assessed the carbon footprint of maize production under different agricultural management practices and scenarios, considering future climate impacts and clean energy use. The results showed that residue returning plays a critical role in reducing the carbon footprint of maize.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lucas Berio Fortini, Lauren R. Kaiser, Lulin Xue, Yaping Wang
Summary: This study generated updated regionally defined bioclimatic variables by integrating recent climate models and current climatological datasets for the Hawaiian Islands. These variables provide detailed information about annual and seasonal climatic conditions and are valuable for modeling, impact studies, and management planning.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thuy Trang Vo, Leiqiu Hu, Lulin Xue, Qi Li, Sisi Chen
Summary: Urbanization significantly impacts surface roughness and properties, which in turn affect regional climate and hydrological cycles. This study analyzed satellite-derived cloud patterns over 447 US cities for two decades and found that most cities experience increased cloud cover during the day in both summer and winter, with a greater increase during summer nights. The size of the city and surface heating are primary factors influencing cloud patterns in summer, while moisture and energy background control seasonal cloud cover anomalies.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Christian P. Lackner, Bart Geerts, Timothy W. Juliano, Lulin Xue, Branko Kosovic
Summary: This study examines the vertical structure of clouds and precipitation during two synoptic weather extremes, warm moist air intrusions (WAIs) and cold air outbreaks (CAOs), at a coastal site in Norway. The CAO cloud regime is convective and driven by strong surface heat fluxes, while WAIs are marked by deep frontal weather systems and produce persistent precipitation.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sisi Chen, Lulin Xue, Sarah Tessendorf, Kyoko Ikeda, Courtney Weeks, Roy Rasmussen, Melvin Kunkel, Derek Blestrud, Shaun Parkinson, Melinda Meadows, Nick Dawson
Summary: This study presents a state-of-the-art microphysical model to examine ice particle growth in turbulent mixed-phase clouds. The model provides new insights into the microphysical processes at sub-meter-length scales by tracking individual ice, droplets, and turbulence interactions. The study investigates the conditions favoring effective ice growth in cloud-top generating cells and highlights the importance of high liquid water content and high relative humidity for rapid ice growth and maintenance of mixed-phase conditions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yabin Gou, Haonan Chen, Hong Zhu, Lulin Xue
Summary: A study was conducted to explore the complex precipitation microphysics associated with super typhoon Lekima and its impact on the consistency of multi-source datasets and radar quantitative precipitation estimation. In situ and remote sensing observations were carried out in China, specifically in the waterlogged area of Yandang Mountain and Kuocang Mountain. The findings revealed the effectiveness of quality control processing for radar and disdrometers in enhancing self-consistency between radar measurements, the dominance of breakup over coalescence in radar volume gates, the tendency to overestimate rainfall in the study area, and the improved performance of certain radar rainfall estimates.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Istvan Geresdi, Lulin Xue, Sisi Chen, Youssef Wehbe, Roelof Bruintjes, Jared A. Lee, Roy M. Rasmussen, Wojciech W. Grabowski, Noemi Sarkadi, Sarah A. Tessendorf
Summary: The study demonstrates that the efficiency of different hygroscopic seeding particles in precipitation formation depends on the size of the seeding particles and background particles, and the extent of broadening of the water droplet size distribution is also related to the distribution of water droplets under control conditions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Youssef Wehbe, Sarah A. Tessendorf, Courtney Weeks, Roelof Bruintjes, Lulin Xue, Roy Rasmussen, Paul Lawson, Sarah Woods, Marouane Temimi
Summary: Measurements of aerosol and cloud microphysics were collected over the UAE in August 2019. This study investigated the evolution of cloud turrets from cloud base to the capping inversion level under different forcing conditions, showing the important role of background dust and pollution as cloud condensation nuclei. The research provides insights into the influence of aerosols on cloud and precipitation processes, as well as the impacts of hygroscopic cloud seeding.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jeffrey Wade, Christa Kelleher, Barret L. Kurylyk
Summary: This study developed a physically-based water temperature model coupled with the National Water Model (NWM) to assess the potential for water temperature prediction to be incorporated into the NWM at the continental scale. By evaluating different model configurations of increasing complexity, the study successfully simulated hourly water temperatures in the forested headwaters of H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest in Oregon, USA, providing a basis for integrating water temperature simulation with predictions from the NWM.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Shaun SH. Kim, Lucy A. Marshall, Justin D. Hughes, Lynn Seo, Julien Lerat, Ashish Sharma, Jai Vaze
Summary: A major challenge in hydrologic modelling is producing reliable uncertainty estimates outside of calibration periods. This research addresses the challenge by improving model structures and error models to more reliably estimate uncertainty. The combination of the RBS model and SPUE produces statistically reliable predictions and shows better matching performance in tests.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Juan Pedro Carbonell-Rivera, Javier Estornell, Luis Angel Ruiz, Pablo Crespo-Peremarch, Jaime Almonacid-Caballer
Summary: This study presents Class3Dp, a software for classifying vegetation species in colored point clouds. The software utilizes geometric, spectral, and neighborhood features along with machine learning methods to classify the point cloud, allowing for the recognition of species composition in an ecosystem.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Zhi Li, Daniel Caviedes-Voullieme, Ilhan Oezgen-Xian, Simin Jiang, Na Zheng
Summary: The optimal strategy for solving the Richards equation numerically depends on the specific problem, particularly when using GPUs. This study investigates the parallel performance of four numerical schemes on both CPUs and GPUs. The results show that the scaling of Richards solvers on GPUs is influenced by various factors. Compared to CPUs, parallel simulations on GPUs exhibit significant variation in scaling across different code sections, with poorly-scaled components potentially impacting overall performance. Nonetheless, using GPUs can greatly enhance computational speed, especially for large-scale problems.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Ludovic Cassan, Leo Pujol, Paul Lonca, Romain Guibert, Helene Roux, Olivier Mercier, Dominique Courret, Sylvain Richard, Pierre Horgue
Summary: Methods and algorithms for measuring stream surface velocities have been continuously developed over the past five years to adapt to specific flow typologies. The free software ANDROMEDE allows easy use and comparison of these methods with image processing capabilities designed for measurements in natural environments and with unmanned aerial vehicles. The validation of the integrated algorithms is presented on three case studies that represent the targeted applications: the study of currents for eco-hydraulics, the measurement of low water flows and the diagnosis of hydraulic structures. The field measurements are in very good agreement with the optical measurements and demonstrate the usefulness of the tool for rapid flow diagnosis for all the intended applications.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Mariia Kozlova, Robert J. Moss, Julian Scott Yeomans, Jef Caers
Summary: This paper introduces a framework for quantitative sensitivity analysis using the SimDec visualization method, and tests its effectiveness on decision-making problems. The framework captures critical information in the presence of heterogeneous effects, and enhances its practicality by introducing a formal definition and classification of heterogeneous effects.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Chad R. Palmer, Denis Valle, Edward V. Camp, Wendy-Lin Bartels, Martha C. Monroe
Summary: Simulation games have been used in natural resource management for education and communication purposes, but not for data collection. This research introduces a new design process which involves stakeholders and emphasizes usability, relevance, and credibility testing criteria. The result is a finalized simulation game for future research.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Tao Wang, Chenming Zhang, Ye Ma, Harald Hofmann, Congrui Li, Zicheng Zhao
Summary: This study used numerical modeling to investigate the formation process of iron curtains under different freshwater and seawater conditions. It was found that Fe(OH)3 accumulates on the freshwater side, while the precipitation is inhibited on the seaward side due to high H+ concentrations. These findings enhance our understanding of iron transformation and distribution in subterranean estuaries.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Grant Hutchings, James Gattiker, Braden Scherting, Rodman R. Linn
Summary: Computational models for understanding and predicting fire in wildland and managed lands are becoming increasingly impactful. This paper addresses the characterization and population of mid-story fuels, which are not easily observable through traditional survey or remote sensing. The authors present a methodology to populate the mid-story using a generative model for fuel placement, which can be calibrated based on limited observation datasets or expert guidance. The connection of terrestrial LiDAR as the observations used to calibrate the generative model is emphasized. Code for the methods in this paper is provided.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Saswata Nandi, Pratiman Patel, Sabyasachi Swain
Summary: IMDLIB is an open-source Python library that simplifies the retrieval and processing of gridded meteorological data from IMD, enhancing data accessibility and facilitating hydro-climatic research and analysis.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Pengfei Wu, Jintao Liu, Meiyan Feng, Hu Liu
Summary: In this paper, a new flow distance algorithm called D infinity-TLI is proposed, which accurately estimates flow distance and width function using a two-segment-distance strategy and triangulation with linear interpolation method. The evaluation results show that D infinity-TLI outperforms existing algorithms and has a low mean absolute relative error.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2024)
