4.6 Review

Clay-Polymer Nanocomposites: Preparations and Utilization for Pollutants Removal

Journal

MATERIALS
Volume 14, Issue 6, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ma14061365

Keywords

water treatment; nanomaterials; adsorbents; clay-polymers nanocomposites

Funding

  1. King Khalid University [R.G.P.2/157/42]
  2. Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University

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Adsorption is considered the most effective technique for treating water with biological, organic, and inorganic contaminants, with CPNs receiving attention for their efficient removal of various pollutants. By combining clay minerals and polymers to create CPNs, the advanced properties of these materials allow for the effective removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from water.
Nowadays, people over the world face severe water scarcity despite the presence of several water sources. Adsorption is considered as the most efficient technique for the treatment of water containing biological, organic, and inorganic contaminants. For this purpose, materials from various origins (clay minerals, modified clays, zeolites, activated carbon, polymeric resins, etc.) have been considered as adsorbent for contaminants. Despite their cheapness and valuable properties, the use of clay minerals as adsorbent for wastewater treatment is limited due to many factors (low surface area, regeneration, and recovery limit, etc.). However, clay mineral can be used to enhance the performance of polymeric materials. The combination of clay minerals and polymers produces clay-polymers nanocomposites (CPNs) with advanced properties useful for pollutants removal. CPNs received a lot of attention for their efficient removal rate of various organic and inorganic contaminants via flocculation and adsorption ability. Three main classes of CPNs were developed (exfoliated nanocomposites (NCs), intercalated nanocomposites, and phase-separated microcomposites). The improved materials can be explored as novel and cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from water/wastewater. The literature reported the ability of CPNs to remove various pollutants such as bacteria, metals, phenol, tannic acid, pesticides, dyes, etc. CPNs showed higher adsorption capacity and efficient water treatment compared to the individual components. Moreover, CPNs offered better regeneration than clay materials. The present paper summarizes the different types of clay-polymers nanocomposites and their effective removal of different contaminants from water. Based on various criteria, CPNs future as promising adsorbent for water treatment is discussed.

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