Journal
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
Volume 14, Issue 6, Pages 1117-1124Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12265-021-10115-x
Keywords
Hypertension; Gut microbiota; TMA; TMAO; Inflammation
Funding
- Tianjin Health and Family Planning Industry High-Level Personnel Selection and Training Project
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Hypertension, as the most prevalent chronic disease and risk factor for various diseases, has been linked with novel gut microbiota and its metabolites, suggesting potential new interventions for treatment. Further research is needed to explore the relationship between hypertension and TMA/TMAO for clinical applications.
Hypertension is the most prevalent chronic disease and a risk factor for various diseases. Although its mechanisms and therapies are constantly being updated and developed, they are still not fully clarified. In recent years, novel gut microbiota and its metabolites have attracted widespread attention. It is strongly linked with physiological and pathological systems, especially TMA and TMAO. TMA is formed by intestinal microbial metabolism of choline and l-carnitine and converted into TMAO by FMO3. This paper collected and collated the latest researches and mainly discussed the following four parts. It introduced gut microbiota; provided a focus on TMA, TMA-producing bacteria, and TMAO; summarized the alternations in hypertensive patients and animals; discussed the mechanisms of TMAO with two respects; and summarized the regulatory factors may be as new interventions and therapies of hypertension. And, more relevant studies are still prospected to be accomplished between hypertension and TMA/TMAO for further clinical services.
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