Article
Environmental Studies
Lauri Peterson
Summary: The study indicates that extreme weather events only have an impact on highly functioning democracies, driving them to increase efforts in addressing climate change. The effects among remaining country cases are considered insignificant. This variation in data can be attributed to democracies' concern for the common good and the perspectives of those most affected by climate-related disasters.
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS
(2021)
Review
Ecology
Chela J. Zabin, Laura J. Jurgens, Jillian M. Bible, Melissa Patten, Andrew L. Chang, Edwin D. Grosholz, Katharyn E. Boyer
Summary: Extreme climatic events have overwhelmingly negative impacts on habitat restoration projects, but some projects also report positive outcomes. Increasing the diversity of projects can help mitigate the risks from future extreme climatic events.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Zhen Su, Henning Meyerhenke, Juergen Kurths
Summary: This study proposes a complex-network-based clustering workflow for identifying consistent synchronized structures of extreme-rainfall events (EREs) around the globe. By applying it to satellite-derived precipitation datasets, the study uncovers the primary compositions of different monsoon systems and the main intraseasonal variability in the context of the global monsoon. Furthermore, a case study verifies that the intraseasonal changes of upper-level atmospheric conditions are preserved within the global synchronization structure.
Article
Ecology
Bart Peeters, Vidar Grotan, Marlene Gamelon, Vebjorn Veiberg, Aline M. Lee, John M. Fryxell, Steve D. Albon, Bernt-Erik Saether, Steinar Engen, Leif Egil Loe, Brage Bremset Hansen
Summary: The impacts of harvesting on population dynamics depend on the type and strength of density-dependent regulation. Low to moderate harvesting can buffer populations against environmental perturbations by reducing their impacts through density-dependent environmental stochasticity and intra-specific resource competition. This study suggests that low to moderate harvesting may enhance population resistance to climate variability and extreme weather.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ryan J. Lowe, Michael V. W. Cuttler, Jeff E. Hansen
Summary: The study highlights the significant role of seasonal and interannual sea level variability in triggering extreme sea level (ESL) events, with these low-frequency contributions being relatively large along the Western Australia coastline. As mean sea level rises, sea level rise is identified as making an increasingly significant contribution to the observed increases in the frequency of ESLs.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Haoliang Yan, Matthew Tom Harrison, Ke Liu, Bin Wang, Puyu Feng, Shah Fahad, Holger Meinke, Rui Yang, De Li Liu, Sotirios Archontoulis, Isaiah Huber, Xiaohai Tian, Jianguo Man, Yunbo Zhang, Meixue Zhou
Summary: Climate change in central China will impact agricultural production through extreme climatic events, but breeding climate-resilient wheat genotypes can help mitigate these effects. By optimizing crop traits and management practices, higher yields and adaptation to future climates can be achieved.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Maria A. Perez-Navarro, Olivier Broennimann, Miguel Angel Esteve, Guillem Bagaria, Antoine Guisan, Francisco Lloret
Summary: This study investigated the decline of plant communities after an extreme drought event using species distribution models (SDMs) and niche distances. The results showed that both SDMs and niche distances can effectively predict population performance, with niche distances being more accurate in predicting mortality and remaining green canopy responses. However, climatic suitability failed to predict performance under extreme climate conditions.
Article
Ecology
Francesco Polazzo, Markus Hermann, Melina Crettaz-Minaglia, Andreu Rico
Summary: Untangling the relationship between network complexity and ecological stability under climate change, particularly extreme climatic events, is a challenging task. This study explores the effects of extreme heatwaves on the complexity of freshwater ecosystems and its correlation with stability components of the community. The findings suggest that reduction in network complexity leads to decreased functional and compositional resistance, while increased link-weighted network complexity improves functional and energy flux recovery and resilience but increases compositional instability.
Article
Environmental Sciences
E. V. Sheehan, L. A. Holmes, B. F. R. Davies, A. Cartwright, A. Rees, M. J. Attrill
Summary: MPAs are used to manage human impacts, particularly fishing pressure, and can help rewild degraded areas of seabed habitat. However, the potential for MPAs to increase ecosystem resilience from storms is not well understood. Extreme storm disturbance impacts on seabed habitats in MPAs can be significant and may provide insights into the ecological responses of seabed ecosystems to future extreme disturbance events.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Zhengming Tang, Zhijie Huang, Yisheng Huang, Yuanxin Chen, Mingshu Huang, Hongyu Liu, Q. Adam Ye, Jianjiang Zhao, Bo Jia
Summary: Ferroptosis, a novel form of regulated cell death mediated by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has shown great potential in cancer therapy due to the highly iron-dependent physiological properties of cancer cells. Understanding the characteristics, mechanisms, and applications of ferroptosis in cancer therapy, as well as the challenges and future prospects of using ferroptosis, provides a basis for further research and development in the field.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Omid Bozorg-Haddad, Babak Zolghadr-Asli, Xuefeng Chu, Hugo A. Loaiciga
Summary: In March 2019, Iran experienced three major floods with heavy damages, causing at least 78 fatalities. The historical data suggests that human alteration to natural cycles may have played a dominant role in these devastating flood events.
Article
Forestry
Rashit Hantemirov, Liudmila Gorlanova, Varvara Bessonova, Ildar Hamzin, Vladimir Kukarskih
Summary: Based on the analysis of anomalous anatomical structures in the wood of Siberian larch and Siberian spruce, a timeline of climatic extremes over the past 4500 years in Yamal (Western Siberia) was reconstructed. These extremes were found to have global significance rather than just regional. Coincidentally, the dates of these extremes align with traces of large volcanic eruptions found in ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica, indicating a link between the extreme cooling and volcanic eruptions on a global scale.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Obed M. Ogega, Enrico Scoccimarro, Herbert Misiani, James Mbugua
Summary: This paper presents an analysis of future precipitation patterns over the Lake Victoria Basin, East Africa, based on bias-corrected CMIP6 model projections. The study predicts an increase in mean annual and seasonal precipitation climatology by mid-century, with a further intensification towards the end of the century. The projected changes have significant implications for the region, which is already experiencing conflicts over water resources.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amber Datta, Michele L. Barnes, Brian Chaffin, Theresa Floyd, Tiffany Morrison, Sarah Sutcliffe
Summary: Research finds controversy on whether governance can change after extreme climate events, with most studies focusing on specific policy or organizational changes post-crisis. Authors use social network analysis to demonstrate the impact of extreme climatic events on Great Barrier Reef governance, showing that governance actors struggle to leverage crises as opportunities for improvement.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yaspal Sundriyal, Vipin Kumar, Firoz Khan, Mohit Kumar Puniya, Sameeksha Kaushik, Neha Chauhan, Dhirendra Singh Bagri, Naresh Rana
Summary: Floods in the Himalayas, particularly in the NW Himalaya, are increasing due to climate change. Two major flood events in Uttarakhand, NW Himalaya, have resulted in over 6000 deaths in the past decade. This study investigates the potential impact of floods on a riverbank slope and evaluates the stability and debris flow runout during extreme rainfall. The results indicate that the slope material may displace forward by approximately 0.12-0.4 m, and the potential debris flow may exert pressure on the retaining wall up to 150 k Pa. The potential flood may strike the riverbank with a velocity of 10 +/- 2 m/s and a stream power of 0.2 +/- 0.1 M N/m-s, which is three times higher than the resistance of the retaining wall.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Entomology
Minghui Fei, Rieta Gols, Jeffrey A. Harvey
Summary: Parasitoid wasps play an important role in insect food chains and biological control programs. They parasitize both herbivorous and predatory insects and arthropods, manipulating their behavior, biology, and ecology to increase their own survival and fitness. Understanding the dynamics of parasitoid-predator interactions is crucial for effective pest control.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Hugh D. Loxdale, Jeffrey A. Harvey
Summary: Life on Earth is complex, with food webs and ecological communities. When describing a species as a "generalist" in terms of its diet and habitat, caution should be exercised due to the complexity and constant changes in populations. Cryptic speciation can result in entities that occupy different habitats and have different dietary breadths. Specializations have existed over long periods of time, and evolution occurs through adaptations leading to specialization. Therefore, it is more accurate to categorize animals as mono-, oligo-, and polyphagous, with omnivory for organisms with very different food items. The term "generalism" should be dropped in favor of these scientifically accurate terms.
Article
Entomology
Yu Zhu, Quanhui Ma, Zhiwei Zhong, Ming Jiang, Elisabeth S. Bakker, Jeffrey A. Harvey, G. F. (Ciska) Veen, Cong Chen, Deli Wang
Summary: Global environmental changes can affect plant nutrient status, which in turn has important consequences for insect herbivores that feed on them. The authors studied the effects of nitrogen fertilizers on two sympatric grasshopper species, finding that they exhibited different responses in growth, development, and body size.
ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ecology
Jeffrey A. Harvey, Kevin Tougeron, Rieta Gols, Robin Heinen, Mariana Abarca, Paul K. Abram, Yves Basset, Matty Berg, Carol Boggs, Jacques Brodeur, Pedro Cardoso, Jetske G. de Boer, Geert R. De Snoo, Charl Deacon, Jane E. Dell, Nicolas Desneux, Michael E. Dillon, Grant A. Duffy, Lee A. Dyer, Jacintha Ellers, Anahi Espindola, James Fordyce, Matthew L. Forister, Caroline Fukushima, Matthew J. G. Gage, Carlos Garcia-Robledo, Claire Gely, Mauro Gobbi, Caspar Hallmann, Thierry Hance, John Harte, Axel Hochkirch, Christian Hof, Ary A. Hoffmann, Joel G. Kingsolver, Greg P. A. Lamarre, William F. Laurance, Blas Lavandero, Simon R. Leather, Philipp Lehmann, Cecile Le Lann, Margarita M. Lopez-Uribe, Chun-Sen Ma, Gang Ma, Joffrey Moiroux, Lucie Monticelli, Chris Nice, Paul J. Ode, Sylvain Pincebourde, William J. Ripple, Melissah Rowe, Michael J. Samways, Arnaud Sentis, Alisha A. Shah, Nigel Stork, John S. Terblanche, Madhav P. Thakur, Matthew B. Thomas, Jason M. Tylianakis, Joan Van Baaren, Martijn Van de Pol, Wim H. Van der Putten, Hans Van Dyck, Wilco C. E. P. Verberk, David L. Wagner, Wolfgang W. Weisser, William C. Wetzel, H. Arthur Woods, Kris A. G. Wyckhuys, Steven L. Chown
Summary: Climate warming is a serious anthropogenic stress on the environment, exacerbating the harmful effects of other threats and potentially threatening species preservation and ecosystem services provided by biodiversity. Insects, as central components of many ecosystems, are highly affected by climate change, with effects on physiology, behavior, distribution, and interactions, as well as extreme events.
ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS
(2023)
Article
Entomology
F. Boatta, W. L. Jansen, L. W. Beukeboom, J. Ellers
Summary: Lipids are crucial for insects' survival and reproduction. This study investigated the differences in lipid development, quantity, and composition among house fly strains from different geographic origins under different temperature conditions. The results showed that strain, larval stage, and temperature all had significant effects on larval dry weight and lipid content, with interaction effects among these factors. The observed differences in lipid content could be important for commercial house fly rearing.
ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA
(2023)
Review
Evolutionary Biology
Meike T. Wortel, Deepa Agashe, Susan F. Bailey, Claudia Bank, Karen Bisschop, Thomas Blankers, Johannes Cairns, Enrico Sandro Colizzi, Davide Cusseddu, Michael M. Desai, Bram van Dijk, Martijn Egas, Jacintha Ellers, Astrid T. Groot, David G. Heckel, Marcelle L. Johnson, Ken Kraaijeveld, Joachim Krug, Liedewij Laan, Michael Laessig, Peter A. Lind, Jeroen Meijer, Luke M. Noble, Samir Okasha, Paul B. Rainey, Daniel E. Rozen, Shraddha Shitut, Sander J. Tans, Olivier Tenaillon, Henrique Teotonio, J. Arjan G. M. de Visser, Marcel E. Visser, Renske M. A. Vroomans, Gijsbert D. A. Werner, Bregje Wertheim, Pleuni S. Pennings
Summary: Evolution has traditionally been a historical and descriptive science, but with advancements in technology and understanding, predictions about future evolutionary processes are now being developed and used in various fields. These predictions serve different purposes, such as preparation, intervention, or evaluation of our knowledge about evolution.
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Jason M. M. Gleditsch, Jocelyn E. E. Behm, Jacintha Ellers, Wendy A. M. Jesse, Matthew R. R. Helmus
Summary: Island biogeography theory is updated to incorporate the effects of land development and economic trade on species richness patterns in the Caribbean. The study built a database of native and introduced reptiles and amphibians for Caribbean islands and evaluated the relationships between species richness and habitat diversity and isolation. The contemporized theory explains the current patterns of biodiversity and will continue to predict the island biogeography of the Anthropocene.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
C. J. M. Musters, Don L. L. DeAngelis, Jeffrey A. A. Harvey, Wolf M. M. Mooij, Peter M. M. van Bodegom, Geert R. R. de Snoo
Summary: Ecology is usually descriptive and struggles to predict ecosystem responses to change due to complex networks of cause-and-effect relationships. Focusing on organisms rather than species may lead to better predictions, as organisms directly react to changes in their environment. Organism-based theories, such as Trait-based Ecology, Agent Based Models, and Maximum Entropy Theory of Ecology, allow for accurate description of ecosystem changes and predictions of organism distribution over areas, time, and resources. Organism-based Ecology (OE) has the potential to improve our ability to predict ecosystem dynamics.
FRONTIERS IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Rieta Gols, Jeffrey A. Harvey
Summary: This paper discusses two approaches to understand differences in insect herbivory between agricultural and natural ecosystems. The authors argue that broad ecological hypotheses based on agricultural systems may not necessarily apply to natural systems. To fully understand the effects of plant traits and habitat heterogeneity on insect herbivory, both natural and agricultural settings need to be studied together.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Thibault P. M. Costaz, Peter W. de Jong, Jeffrey A. Harvey, Joop J. A. van Loon, Marcel Dicke, Rieta Gols
Summary: Temperature is a crucial factor in determining species interactions, especially for ectothermic organisms such as insects. Examining the effects of elevated temperature and extreme temperature events on different trophic levels is important for understanding their broader implications for community and ecosystem processes.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Jeffrey A. A. Harvey, Robin Steegh, Yuting Dong, Rieta Gols
Summary: Adult female spiders lay eggs in silk sacs, and the spiderlings live in their mother's web before dispersing. Cannibalism is often observed among spiderlings under conditions of food deprivation. This study found that cannibalism rate decreased with higher spiderling density and more frequent replenishment of fresh flies, but the number of flies provided did not affect cannibalism.
Article
Ecology
Rieta Gols, Moniek van Geem, James M. Bullock, Henk J. Martens, Roel Wagenaar, Wim H. van der Putten, Jeffrey A. Harvey
Summary: Plants show significant variation in the morphology and chemical traits of shoots and roots in response to biotic and abiotic selection pressures, and these variations affect their interactions with the environment. Most studies have focused on aboveground interactions, neglecting the belowground domain. However, soil organisms can have significant effects on plant fitness through mutualistic or antagonistic interactions. In this study, significant differences in nematode, bacteria, and fungi communities associated with roots, rhizosphere, and bulk soil were found among wild cabbage populations in England, indicating the impact of soil and plant properties on community assembly.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Matteo De Carlo, Eliseo Ferrante, Jacintha Ellers, Gerben Meynen, A. E. Eiben
Summary: In the field of evolutionary robotics, it is common to evaluate individuals in isolated environments. However, we designed a single interactive ecosystem where robots physically interact with each other for evaluation. By comparing this approach with a traditional oracle-based method, we found that evaluating robots in an interactive ecosystem significantly impacts their final behavior and morphology while maintaining good fitness performance.
GENETIC PROGRAMMING, EUROGP 2023
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Yuting Dong, Jeffrey A. Harvey, Robin Steegh, Rieta Gols, Melissah Rowe
Summary: In many animals, body size is correlated with reproductive success. Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is common in spiders, with larger, more fecund females and smaller, rapidly maturing males. In the false widow spider, male body size did not influence mating success under noncompetitive conditions, but larger males were more successful in obtaining access to females under competitive conditions. Additionally, copulation duration was shorter when a rival male was present, potentially impacting reproductive success. These findings highlight the importance of male body size in male-male competition and its implications on reproductive success.
