Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Federica Lanza, Tobias Diehl, Nicholas Deichmann, Toni Kraft, Christophe Nussbaum, Senecio Schefer, Stefan Wiemer
Summary: The interpretation of seismotectonic processes in the uppermost layers of the Earth's crust is challenging due to uncertainties in hypocenter locations and focal mechanisms of shallow seismicity. A study on the Saint-Ursanne seismic sequence in 2000 suggests that it is likely related to a backthrust fault within the sedimentary cover. These findings shed new light on the seismotectonic processes of the Jura fold-and-thrust belt in northern Switzerland.
SWISS JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
D. Brown, J. Alvarez-Marron, G. Camanni, C. Biete, H. Kuo-Chen, Y. -M. Wu
Summary: This paper presents a structural model for the south-central Taiwan fold-and-thrust belt, which provides a consistent explanation for seismicity, GPS, and topography data. The model suggests that the fold-and-thrust belt is a west-verging thrust system with breaching faults inherited from the continental margin. It also involves metamorphic basement rocks and has systematic changes in GPS displacement vectors and strain rates across transverse zones.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Luca Smeraglia, Olivier Fabbri, Flavien Choulet
Summary: The study explored the subsurface structural styles of the Jura fold-and-thrust belt in eastern France by combining geological mapping, cross-section balancing, and 2D-kinematic forward modeling. The results revealed mixed structural styles in the region, with similarities to other fold-and-thrust belts characterized by thick salt-bearing basal detachments and multiple detachment horizons within the sedimentary sequence. The findings can serve as a benchmark for comparing structural styles in similar fold-and-thrust belts.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Luca Smeraglia, Olivier Fabbri, Flavien Choulet, Madalina Jaggi, Stefano M. Bernasconi
Summary: By combining structural and microstructural data with stable and clumped isotopes, we characterized the paleofluid circulation in the Jura fold-and-thrust belt, eastern France. We found that syn-tectonic fluid circulation occurred along high permeability networks and was dominated by cold meteoric fluids. The study also suggested the presence of deep fluids from PermoTriassic rocks.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Mahesh Prasad Parija, Sushil Kumar, V. M. Tiwari, Shubhasmita Biswal, Arkoprovo Biswas, Arjun Velliyidathu
Summary: The study reveals that secondary fault structures control stress perturbations during earthquakes, while the geometry of faults limits rupture propagation and complex duplexes accumulate coseismic stress.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
N. Looser, H. Madritsch, M. Guillong, O. Laurent, S. Wohlwend, S. M. Bernasconi
Summary: The late-stage evolution of the European Alpine orogen showed northwest-directed propagation of deformation front along an evaporitic basal decollement. The first absolute age and temperature constraints on deformation along this basal decollement have been determined using carbonate U-Pb LA-ICP-MS dating and clumped isotope thermometry. The findings suggest that Alpine deformation occurred earlier than previously thought, and the burial conditions in the studied area remained constant between 14.3 and 4.5 Ma.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Marc Schori, Frank Zwaan, Guido Schreurs, Jon Mosar
Summary: The pre-existing faults in the mechanical basement play a crucial role in controlling deformation in thin-skinned fold-and-thrust belts. The presence of basement steps leads to deformation localization and influences the evolution of structures. These findings provide insights into the deformation processes of the Earth's crust.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Adeline Marro, Louis Hauvette, Sandra Borderie, Jon Mosar
Summary: The study presents a new 2D kinematic forward model for the westernmost Internal Jura fold-and-thrust belt, which provides new insights into its kinematic evolution. The model suggests a pure thin-skinned style dominated by forward stepping deformation and minor back-stepping thrust sequences. Multiple thrust horizons and decollements are found within different layers in the Jura FTB.
SWISS JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yu Zhen, Xiongfei Xu, Dengfa He, Xinning Li, Di Li
Summary: Studying the structural evolution of the piedmont fold and thrust belt is crucial for understanding the mechanism of intracontinental collision orogeny. In this study, we identified a large-scale thrust nappe in the southwestern margin of the Santanghu Basin, providing evidence for studying the Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic evolution of Moqinwula Mountain. Through electromagnetic and high-resolution seismic profiles, we determined the composition of the nappe and the tectonic activities it underwent. The results suggest multiple thrusting events and significant shortening during the Late Jurassic and Late Cretaceous. This study contributes to understanding the transition mechanism of mountain formation in the Eastern Tianshan region.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Attilio Sulli, Maurizio Gasparo Morticelli, Mauro Agate, Elisabetta Zizzo
Summary: The Sicilian Fold and Thrust Belt has undergone two thin-skinned shortening events and one thick-skinned thrusting event, with recent tectonic processes in the northern Sicily continental margin indicating a shift in deformation distribution and orientation during the Africa-Europe convergence. These findings align with interpretations suggesting a change in subduction polarity in the central Mediterranean, potentially impacting seismic risk assessment and understanding of active structures in marine areas.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hamideh Sahraei, Mohsen Ehteshami-Moinabadi, Seyed Ahmad Alavi, Miroslav Bielik
Summary: This paper presents an assessment of temporal and spatial seismicity variations in the Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt and their link to regional tectonic properties. The study finds that seismic activity in the belt is closely related to fold geometry, fault types, and human activities.
GEOLOGICA CARPATHICA
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
G. Behzad Zamani
Summary: Stress measurement is crucial in Earth and petroleum sciences. This paper determines the stress state in the Zagros Mountains using analytical techniques and identifies stress patterns and structural control in different zones.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Chao Zhou, Jianxun Zhou
Summary: The article discusses the origin of thrust wedges and the case study of the Eastern Sichuan-Xuefeng fold-thrust belt. The experimental results reveal, for the first time, the variation of structural vergence of thrust wedges under different shear stress ratios.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Xiaofei Hu, Jiakun Wu, Zhenling Wen, Jiaxin Zhang, Qiming Zhao, Baotian Pan
Summary: In an active thrust-fold belt, the evolution of drainage patterns plays a significant role in surface erosion and sedimentary sequences. This study focuses on the Yumu Shan range and reveals the transition from a transverse river to a longitudinal river, proposing a conceptual model for the drainage evolution in active fold-thrust belts.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Kazuhiro Ogawa, Stefan Back
Summary: The formation of fold-thrust belts is driven by compressive stresses caused by crustal tectonics, gravity, or a combination of both. This study focuses on the transition zone between the gravity-driven south and crustal-driven north of the deepwater fold-thrust belt on the northwest Borneo margin. The structural interpretation results show two distinct structural provinces within the fold-thrust belt, with different deformation styles and structural kinematics.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Nima Nooshiri, Christopher J. Bean, Torsten Dahm, Francesco Grigoli, Sigriour Kristjansdottir, Anne Obermann, Stefan Wiemer
Summary: Despite the complexity and time-consuming nature of current inversion and modeling techniques, this paper presents a novel approach based on deep learning for rapid source-parameter estimation of microseismic earthquakes. The approach employs convolutional neural networks and a fully connected neural network to obtain moment tensor and spatial location information. The algorithm can be trained using synthetic seismic data only and is robust against perturbations such as observational noise and data incompleteness. The method achieves excellent performance and shows good agreement with standard methodology, making it a viable option for real-time estimation of source parameters in microseismicity.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Federica Lanza, Tobias Diehl, Nicholas Deichmann, Toni Kraft, Christophe Nussbaum, Senecio Schefer, Stefan Wiemer
Summary: The interpretation of seismotectonic processes in the uppermost layers of the Earth's crust is challenging due to uncertainties in hypocenter locations and focal mechanisms of shallow seismicity. A study on the Saint-Ursanne seismic sequence in 2000 suggests that it is likely related to a backthrust fault within the sedimentary cover. These findings shed new light on the seismotectonic processes of the Jura fold-and-thrust belt in northern Switzerland.
SWISS JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Taichi Kawamura, Matthias Grott, Raphael Garcia, Mark Wieczorek, Sebastien de Raucourt, Philippe Lognonne, Felix Bernauer, Doris Breuer, John Clinton, Pierre Delage, Melanie Drilleau, Luigi Ferraioli, Nobuaki Fuji, Anna Horleston, Gunther Kletetschka, Martin Knapmeyer, Brigitte Knapmeyer-Endrun, Sebastiano Padovan, Ana-Catalina Plesa, Attilio Rivoldini, Johan Robertsson, Sebastien Rodriguez, Simon C. Staehler, Eleonore Stutzmann, Nicholas A. Teanby, Nicola Tosi, Christos Vrettos, Bruce Banerdt, Wenzhe Fa, Qian Huang, Jessica Irving, Yoshiaki Ishihara, Katarina Miljkovic, Anna Mittelholz, Seiichi Nagihara, Clive Neal, Shaobo Qu, Nicholas Schmerr, Takeshi Tsuji
Summary: Geophysical observations are crucial for understanding the internal structure of the Moon and its origin and evolution. This article proposes the development of an autonomous lunar geophysical experiment package that can be installed on future lunar missions, consisting of instruments such as a seismometer, magnetometer, heat flow probe, and laser reflector.
EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Francesco Grigoli, John F. Clinton, Tobias Diehl, Philipp Kaestli, Luca Scarabello, Thorbjorg Agustsdottir, Sigridur Kristjansdottir, Rognvaldur Magnusson, Christopher J. Bean, Marco Broccardo, Simone Cesca, Torsten Dahm, Vala Hjorleifsdottir, Banu Mena Cabrera, Claus Milkereit, Nima Nooshiri, Anne Obermann, Roman Racine, Antonio Pio Rinaldi, Vanille Ritz, Pilar Sanchez-Pastor, Stefan Wiemer
Summary: Induced seismicity is a major factor affecting the acceptance of deep geothermal energy exploitation activities, and this paper presents a valuable dataset obtained from a project aimed at real-time monitoring and forecasting of induced seismicity, which can be widely used in seismological research.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Lauro Chiaraluce, Gaetano Festa, Pascal Bernard, Antyonio Caracausi, Ivano Carluccio, John F. Clinton, Raffaele Di Stefano, Luca Elia, Christos P. Evangelidis, Semih Ergintav, Ovidiu Jianu, George Kaviris, Alexandru Marmureanu, Stanka Sebela, Efthimios Sokos
Summary: The Near Fault Observatories (NFOs) community, part of the European Plate Observing System (EPOS), collects high-resolution data through multidisciplinary monitoring and dense sensor networks. This research aims to understand the characteristics of earthquakes and faults, and provide scientific information to stakeholders. NFOs focus on continuously upgrading monitoring systems, which creates marketing opportunities for European enterprises in sensor technology. They also conduct multidisciplinary experiments and develop tools for better earthquake research and hazard prediction.
ANNALS OF GEOPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
M. Bagagli, I Molinari, T. Diehl, E. Kissling, D. Giardini
Summary: With the use of the AlpArray Seismic Network, a consistent seismicity-catalogue for the greater Alpine region has been established, providing high-precision hypocentre locations and consistent magnitude estimation. These findings serve as a foundation for future seismic hazard studies and improvements in the region.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Anne Obermann, Pilar Sanchez-Pastor, Sin-Mei Wu, Christopher Wollin, Alan F. Baird, Marius Paul Isken, John Clinton, Bettina P. Goertz-Allmann, Torsten Dahm, Andreas Wuestefeld, Peidong Shi, Federica Lanza, Lea Gyger, Selina Wetter, Vala Hjorleifsdottir, Nadege Langet, Baldur Brynjarsson, Philippe Jousset, Stefan Wiemer
Summary: This study deployed a dense seismic nodal network in the Hengill geothermal area in Iceland and analyzed the recorded datasets. The research found that the seismic records had high data quality and showed potential for various follow up studies.
SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Timothy Lee, Tobias Diehl, Edi Kissling, Stefan Wiemer
Summary: Seismotectonic interpretations in regions with low to moderate seismicity require consistent earthquake catalogues covering multiple decades. However, changes in network configuration and analysis procedures introduce bias and uncertainty to hypocentre parameters in these catalogues. To address these limitations, we developed a procedure using coupled hypocentre-velocity inversions to compute consistent hypocentre locations while accounting for network geometry changes. We applied these procedures to 35 years of seismicity data along the Rhone-Simplon fault system in southwest Switzerland, revealing the characteristics and distribution of seismic activity in the region.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Apsara Sharma Dhakal, Irene Molinari, Lapo Boschi
Summary: Different methods of mapping seismic rupture in space and time often give inconsistent results for the same event. Building on previous work, we use a combination of time-reversal and backpropagation of seismic surface wave recordings to study the focusing of the time-reversed field at the seismic source. Our new method combines seismic time reversal with a surface wave ray-tracing algorithm based on a generalized spherical-harmonic parametrization of surface wave phase velocity, accounting for azimuthal anisotropy.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Tobias Diehl, Herfried Madritsch, Michael Schnellmann, Thomas Spillmann, Elmar Brockmann, Stefan Wiemer
Summary: This study presents a seismotectonic analysis of the Miocene-aged Hegau-Bodensee Graben, revealing the seismic activity and kinematics of the bounding faults. The results suggest that the bounding faults are likely to be reactivated in the present-day stress field. Comparison with historical seismicity indicates the potential for generating moderate earthquakes in this fault zone.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. Shynkarenko, C. Cauzzi, K. Kremer, P. Bergamo, A. M. Lontsi, P. Janusz, D. Faeh
Summary: This study evaluates the seismic response and stability of subaqueous slopes in Swiss lakes based on recorded seismological data, historical and geological information, and geotechnical surveys. Seismic investigations using Ocean Bottom Seismometers (OBS) in Lake Lucerne reveal high amplification levels and variable site response. Back analyses of historical earthquakes and ground motion modelling suggest a return period of 36-224 years for triggering subaqueous slope failures. Estimations of the seismic coefficient are provided for slope stability analysis.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Toni Kraft, On Ki Angel Ling, Tania Toledo, Bettina Scheu, Simon C. Staehler, John Clinton, Stefan Stange
Summary: We present seismic and (infra)acoustic observations of the 15 January 2022 Hunga- Tonga-Hunga-Ha'apai (HTHH) eruption from Switzerland and central Europe, providing insights into the global reach of the eruption through seismoacoustic coupling of atmospheric oscillations and atmospheric waves. High-frequency seismoacoustic signals coinciding with the passage of low-frequency atmospheric waves were recorded, triggering false local-earthquake detections. Thunderlike sounds were also reported in central Europe, suggesting that the vigorous volcanic lightning activity at HTHH was the source of these high-frequency signals.
SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Camilla Rossi, Francesco Grigoli, Paolo Gasperini, Stefano Gandolfi, Chiara Cocorullo, Timur Gukov, Paolo Macini
Summary: The background seismic noise can be caused by various factors such as ocean waves, atmospheric disturbances, anthropogenic activities, temperature changes, and magnetic field variations. Reducing the impact of these noise sources is a challenge for seismologists and engineers when designing seismic monitoring networks and selecting hosting sites for seismic stations. One solution is to deploy seismic stations in boreholes to attenuate the noise effect.
SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Sandro Truttmann, Tobias Diehl, Marco Herwegh
Summary: This study presents a novel method for imaging the detailed 3D architectures of seismically active faults based on high-precision hypocenter catalogs using nearest neighbor learning and principal component analysis. The method was applied to the St. Leonard and Anzere microearthquake sequences in the Southwestern Swiss Alps, revealing strike-slip fault systems with interconnecting stepovers at depths of 3-7 km and lengths ranging from 0.5 to 2 km. The proposed method has broad potential applications in monitoring hydraulic fracture stimulations or geothermal exploration of natural, fluid-bearing faults.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)