Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Christopher Frank, Stephanie Fiedler, Susanne Crewell
Summary: The study shows that installing both photovoltaic and wind power capacities can reduce the day-to-day variability in energy production and maximize balancing effects associated with changing weather. Cross-border balancing potentials are high, with extremes in renewable energy production occurring on less than 10% of days.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Peter Durcansky, Branislav Zvada, Radovan Nosek, Jan Najser, Tomas Najser
Summary: The use of renewable resources has been increasing in recent years, which is closely related to state support. The article analyzes the use of renewable energy sources in the Czech Republic and the impact of state support on the number of installations. It also presents the development of the legislative framework and predicts the future impact of government measures.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
G. Kubilay Karayel, Nader Javani, Ibrahim Dincer
Summary: This study investigates the geothermal energy potential for green hydrogen production in Turkey. The geothermal energy potential varies based on the location and underground resources of each city. Alkaline electrolysers are used for water splitting and hydrogen production. The estimated total hydrogen production potential for Turkey using geothermal resources is 559.76 kilotons, with Aydin, Manisa, and Denizli having the largest potentials. The study highlights the role of geothermal energy in making Turkey a leader in this field and provides a base for planning and developing new energy policies.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Stewart A. Isaacs, Mark D. Staples, Florian Allroggen, Dharik S. Mallapragada, Christoph P. Falter, Steven R. H. Barrett
Summary: Power-to-liquids are a promising class of liquid fuels that have the potential to reduce transportation's climate impacts, with the hybrid PBtL pathway being identified as the most environmentally and economically promising option for electrofuel production.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Maan Al-Zareer, Ibrahim Dincer, Marc A. Rosen
Summary: Sustainable energy, particularly solar energy, is a promising solution for energy and climate change issues. This study examines the efficiency of two-PV panel systems for offshore power production, considering various factors such as solar radiation intensity, system orientation, and seasonal variations. The results show that the optimal power production occurs when the PV panels are facing north, providing a 38% improvement over single-faced conventional PV panels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
G. Kubilay Karayel, Nader Javani, Ibrahim Dincer
Summary: This study develops a hydro-based hydrogen production concept and explores the utilization of hydroelectric power for green hydrogen production in Turkey. The potential capacities of each city are estimated based on official data, and the results indicate that hydroelectric energy has a significant contribution to green hydrogen production. The study provides insights for policymakers to plan a sustainable energy roadmap and reduce carbon-based fuel usage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wenqi Duan, Adnan Khurshid, Naila Nazir, Khalid Khan, Adrian Cantemir Calin
Summary: This study estimates the electricity supply and demand in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and discusses the reasons for transitioning to green resources. The results indicate that the power demand will be met by 2021, and the CPEC efforts will significantly increase energy and capacity growth.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Haider Ali Khan, Phoebe Heywood, Aaron Kuswara, Rahman Daiyan, Iain MacGill, Rose Amal
Summary: This study proposes a comprehensive four-tier framework using open-source tools to analyze and evaluate potential green hydrogen hubs, aiming to promote the sustainable development of green hydrogen.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Min Song, Yu Wang, Yong Long
Summary: This paper examines the impact of a renewable energy quota and green power certificate system on the strategies of energy suppliers. It constructs a multi-stage game model to analyze renewable energy power investment and production. The results show that the quota ratio, green certificate price, and investment cost are the key factors influencing energy suppliers' strategies, and changes in these factors will completely change the renewable energy investment, pricing, and production levels of energy suppliers. The study also finds that the impact of the renewable energy quota on energy suppliers' utilization levels depends on the relative size of the investment cost and green power certificate price.
Article
Economics
David Schlund, Philipp Theile
Summary: This study presents a model framework to assess the dispatch of grid-connected electrolysers. Through a case study of the German electricity market, it is found that simultaneity can reduce the CO2 emission intensity of hydrogen while constraining profits. The choice of simultaneity interval length affects the average contribution margin and profit at risk of the electrolyser.
Article
Thermodynamics
Gabriel Cuevas-Figueroa, Peter K. Stansby, Timothy Stallard
Summary: This study aims to assess the accuracy of the numerical weather prediction model WRF in predicting the operational performance of a wind farm in complex terrain and the impact of nearby wind farms on energy production. The results show that WRF can accurately predict wind speed variations and annual occurrences with errors of 12% and 1.4%, respectively. The predicted energy supply of a 10 MW wind farm is within 5.25% (RUC) and 2% (PX) of the measured data. The study also finds that nearby wind farms reduce the power output of a downwind farm by over 20%, resulting in a 1.3-1.7% reduction in annual energy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
August Wierling, Valeria Jana Schwanitz, Jan Pedro Zeiss, Constantin von Beck, Heather Arghandeh Paudler, Ingrid Knutsdotter Koren, Tobias Kraudzun, Timothy Marcroft, Lukas Mueller, Zacharias Andreadakis, Chiara Candelise, Simon Dufner, Melake Getabecha, Grete Glaase, Wit Hubert, Veronica Lupi, Sona Majidi, Shirin Mohammadi, Negar Safara Nosar, Yann Robiou du Pont, Philippa Roots, Tadeusz Jozef Rudek, Alessandro Sciullo, Gayatri Sehdev, Mehran Ziaabadi, Nahid Zoubin
Summary: Numerous case studies have shown that citizens play an important role in renewable and low carbon energy projects, yet no systematic and cross-country database on citizen-led initiatives and projects currently exists. By compiling and reviewing data from various sources, we have created a Europe-wide inventory of over 10,000 initiatives and 16,000 production units in 29 countries over the past 20 years. Our data enables cross-country statistical analysis and extends the knowledge beyond individual case studies. Furthermore, our data align with ongoing efforts to involve citizens in the energy transition, as advocated by EU Directives.
Review
Thermodynamics
Elena Smirnova, Sebastian Kot, Eugeny Kolpak, Viktor Shestak
Summary: The study aims to identify factors influencing government support for renewable energy production in China, India, and Russia. By using surveys and regression models, it was found that expanding access to financing, reducing the share of traditional energy sources, and ensuring public-private support are key drivers for the development of renewable energy markets in these countries.
Article
Economics
Ou Tang, Jakob Rehme, Pontus Cerin, Donald Huisingh
Summary: As renewable energy sources increase and nuclear power plants are decommissioned in Sweden, the electricity market experiences more fluctuations, highlighting the need to secure electricity supply. Hydrogen production has emerged as a potential source of income due to surplus electricity supply at low prices. Research on the feasibility of investing in hydrogen production at nuclear power plants under Swedish energy policy background reveals alternative opportunities for large-scale electricity production facilities.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lei Duan, Tyler H. Ruggles, Ken Caldeira
Summary: Solar photovoltaics have the potential to replace fossil fuels and contribute to lower-cost zero-emission energy systems. The initial benefits of providing solar power to the electricity system are significant, especially in deep decarbonization scenarios. However, the value of additional solar power decreases as cumulative solar capacities increase. Taking full advantage of low-cost solar energy requires the development and deployment of low-cost approaches to energy supply or electricity load shifting.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Christopher Purr, Erwan Brisson, Bodo Ahrens
Summary: Extreme convective precipitation is expected to increase in the future due to global warming, leading to more intense and larger convective rain cells. The scaling of cell characteristics with temperature and moisture shows varying rates, with the most extreme percentiles experiencing the highest relative change. The scaling of dew point temperature provides a good predictor for upper limits of maximum intensity and total precipitation of convective cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Isabelle Marie Kramer, Sunita Baral, Ishan Gautam, Markus Braun, Axel Magdeburg, Parbati Phuyal, Indira Kadel, Meghnath Dhimal, Bodo Ahrens, David Alexander Groneberg, Ruth Mueller
Summary: Ovitraps are a low-cost method for monitoring container-breeding Aedes spp. mosquitoes, with the oviposition substrates playing a crucial role in attracting female mosquitoes. This study compares different low-priced substrates and introduces a transport technique for sampled eggs, highlighting the importance of proper transport conditions for international egg transport.
ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA
(2021)
Editorial Material
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Arianna Valmassoi, Jan D. Keller, Daryl T. Kleist, Stephen English, Bodo Ahrens, Ivan Bastak Duran, Elisabeth Bauernschubert, Michael G. Bosilovich, Masatomo Fujiwara, Hans Hersbach, Lili Lei, Ulrich Loehnert, Nabir Mamnun, Cory R. Martin, Andrew Moore, Deborah Niermann, Juan Jose Ruiz, Leonhard Scheck
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Cristina Rojas-Labanda, Fidel Gonzalez-Rouco, Elena Garcia-Bustamante, Jorge Navarro, Etor E. Lucio-Eceiza, Gerard Van Der Schrier, Frank Kaspar
Summary: This study improves the understanding of surface wind climatology in Europe by developing an observational database with unprecedented quality control. The database includes long-term and high-resolution wind speed and direction data, and analyzes the spatial and temporal variability of wind speed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Christopher Purr, Erwan Brisson, K. Heinke Schluenzen, Bodo Ahrens
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between atmospheric variables and properties of convective rain cells, and finds that convective precipitation exceeds the Clausius-Clapeyron rate under current climate conditions. The study also reveals that different cell properties scale with dew point temperature at varying rates, and that wind shear increases precipitation by increasing the spatial cell extent.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Elena Macdonald, Bruno Merz, Bjoern Guse, Luzie Wietzke, Sophie Ullrich, Matthias Kemter, Bodo Ahrens, Sergiy Vorogushyn
Summary: The study found that in some catchments, the probability of extreme events is higher, and neglecting heavy tail behavior may lead to underestimation of extreme floods. Catchment response characteristics have the most significant impact on heavy tail behavior, followed by event precipitation, flood seasonality, and catchment size.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Danny Risto, Kristina Froehlich, Bodo Ahrens
Summary: Seasonal forecasting systems struggle with predicting temperature over continental regions but perform better in maritime regions. The land surface, particularly snow cover, plays a significant role in (sub-)seasonal predictability. This study aims to identify the causes of biases and lack of skill in snow cover seasonal forecasting, whether it is due to initialization or parameterization errors. By comparing different forecasting systems, it is found that both initialization and parameterization contribute to snow biases, with their dominance depending on the specific system.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Javier Diez-Sierra, Maialen Iturbide, Jose M. Gutierrez, Jesus Fernandez, Josipa Milovac, Antonio S. Cofino, Ezequiel Cimadevilla, Grigory Nikulin, Guillaume Levavasseur, Erik Kjellstrom, Katharina Bulow, Andras Horanyi, Anca Brookshaw, Markel Garcia-Diez, Antonio Perez, Jorge Bano-Medina, Bodo Ahrens, Antoinette Alias, Moetasim Ashfaq, Melissa Bukovsky, Erasmo Buonomo, Steven Caluwaerts, Sin Chan Chou, Ole B. Christensen, James M. Ciarlo, Erika Coppola, Lola Corre, Marie-Estelle Demory, Vladimir Djurdjevic, Jason P. Evans, Rowan Fealy, Hendrik Feldmann, Daniela Jacob, Sanjay Jayanarayanan, Jack Katzfey, Klaus Keuler, Christoph Kittel, Mehmet Levent Kurnaz, Rene Laprise, Piero Lionello, Seth McGinnis, Paola Mercogliano, Pierre Nabat, Tugba Ozturk, Hans-Jurgen Panitz, Dominique Paquin, Ildiko Pieczka, Francesca Raffaele, Armelle Reca Remedio, John Scinocca, Florence Sevault, Samuel Somot, Christian Steger, Fredolin Tangang, Claas Teichmann, Piet Termonia, Marcus Thatcher, Csaba Torma, Erik van Meijgaard, Robert Vautard, Kirsten Warrach-Sagi, Katja Winger, George Zittis, Baris Onol
Summary: The collaboration between CORDEX and ESGF allows open access to regional climate model simulations, which have been used as evidence for assessing regional climate projections in IPCC AR6. The C3S CORDEX dataset, available through the Copernicus Climate Data Store, has been used for the assessment and is consistent for precipitation and temperature.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Isabelle Marie Kramer, Markus Pfenninger, Barbara Feldmeyer, Meghnath Dhimal, Ishan Gautam, Pramod Shreshta, Sunita Baral, Parbati Phuyal, Juliane Hartke, Axel Magdeburg, David A. Groneberg, Bodo Ahrens, Ruth Muller, Ann-Marie Waldvogel
Summary: Driven by globalization, urbanization, and climate change, the distribution range of invasive vector species has expanded to colder ecoregions. This study focuses on the dengue vector Aedes aegypti and uses population genomics to identify putatively adaptive traits and describe the species' genomic footprint of climate adaptation. The results suggest that a highland population of Aedes aegypti in Nepal has distinct genomic differentiation and potential local high-altitude adaptation, increasing the likelihood of its worldwide expansion into other colder ecoregions.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Andreas F. Prein, Nikolina Ban, Tinghai Ou, Jianping Tang, Koichi Sakaguchi, Emily Collier, Sanjay Jayanarayanan, Lu Li, Stefan Sobolowski, Xingchao Chen, Xu Zhou, Hui-Wen Lai, Shiori Sugimoto, Liwei Zou, Shabeh ul Hasson, Marie Ekstrom, Praveen Kumar Pothapakula, Bodo Ahrens, Romilly Stuart, Hans Christian Steen-Larsen, Ruby Leung, Danijel Belusic, Julia Kukulies, Julia Curio, Deliang Chen
Summary: The Tibetan Plateau, also known as the Third Pole, is an important freshwater source for Asia. However, due to challenges in weather and climate modeling, the future of this region remains highly uncertain. The Convection-Permitting Third Pole (CPTP) project aims to revolutionize our understanding of climate change impacts on the Tibetan Plateau through ensemble-based, kilometer-scale climate modeling.
Article
Environmental Sciences
George Zittis, Bodo Ahrens, Anika Obermann-Hellhund, Elias Giannakis, Danny Risto, Miguel Agulles Gamez, Gabriel Jorda, Monica Quesada Pena, Veronica Lora Rodriguez, Jose Luis Guersi Sauret, Piero Lionello, Elodie Briche, Julie Collignan, Matthias Graetz, Damian Arikas, Constantinos Stylianou, Haris Neophytou, Despina Serghides
Summary: Maritime transport is crucial for global trade and the economy, especially for islands that heavily depend on it for connection and transportation. However, climate change poses significant risks to the operations of maritime transport by affecting port infrastructure and ships. This study aims to assess the future risk of maritime transport disruption in European islands and highlights the importance of adopting low-emission pathways to minimize disruptions.
EURO-MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL FOR ENVIRONMENTAL INTEGRATION
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Frank Kaspar, Karsten Friedrich, Florian Imbery
Summary: Germany's national meteorological service monitors climate and climate change in Germany and presents methods to assess temperature trends compared to global trends. The mean temperature in Germany has increased considerably, especially in the last 5 decades, with a linear trend of approximately +1.7°C from 1881 to 2022. The temperature increase in Germany has been faster than the global mean, especially since 1971. Several methods, such as reports, internet portals, and social media channels, are used to communicate the results of the temperature analysis.
METEOROLOGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Katharina Lengfeld, Paul Voit, Frank Kaspar, Maik Heistermann
Summary: The weather extremity index (WEI) and cross-scale WEI (xWEI) are useful tools for assessing the extremeness of precipitation events. Previous studies in Germany used radar composite data to estimate annual precipitation maxima and the parameters of a generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution. With the inclusion of data from 2021, the devastating event in July 2021 ranks fourth in terms of WEI compared to events between 2001 and 2020, but remains the most extreme in terms of xWEI. This highlights the importance of considering different spatial and temporal scales when evaluating the extremeness of rainfall events.
NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Frank Kaspar, Axel Andersson, Markus Ziese, Rainer Hollmann
Summary: Reliable weather observations are crucial for assessing climate change and variability, but long time series of weather observations are limited in many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Various national and international activities are underway to improve the availability and quality of climate databases. This paper presents ongoing international efforts, highlighting examples hosted by Germany's national meteorological service. Further activities are identified as necessary.
FRONTIERS IN CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Cameron Bracken, Nathalie Voisin, Casey D. Burleyson, Allison M. Campbell, Z. Jason Hou, Daniel Broman
Summary: This study presents a methodology and dataset for examining compound wind and solar energy droughts, as well as the first standardized benchmark of energy droughts across the Continental United States (CONUS) for a 2020 infrastructure. The results show that compound wind and solar droughts have distinct spatial and temporal patterns across the CONUS, and the characteristics of energy droughts are regional. The study also finds that compound high load events occur more often during compound wind and solar droughts than expected.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ning Zhang, Yanghao Yu, Jiawei Wu, Ershun Du, Shuming Zhang, Jinyu Xiao
Summary: This paper provides insights into the optimal configuration of CSP plants with different penetrations of wind power by proposing an unconstrained optimization model. The results suggest that large solar multiples and TES are preferred in order to maximize profit, especially when combined with high penetrations of wind and photovoltaic plants. Additionally, the study demonstrates the economy and feasibility of installing electric heaters (EH) in CSP plants, which show a linear correlation with the penetration of variable energy resources.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
M. Szubel, K. Papis-Fraczek, S. Podlasek
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
J. Silva, J. C. Goncalves, C. Rocha, J. Vilaca, L. M. Madeira
Summary: This study investigated the methanation of CO2 in biogas and compared two different methanation reactors. The results showed that the cooled reactor without CO2 separation achieved a CO2 conversion rate of 91.8%, while the adiabatic reactors achieved conversion rates of 59.6% and 67.2%, resulting in an overall conversion rate of 93.0%. Economic analysis revealed negative net present worth values, indicating the need for government monetary incentives.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yang Liu, Yonglan Xi, Xiaomei Ye, Yingpeng Zhang, Chengcheng Wang, Zhaoyan Jia, Chunhui Cao, Ting Han, Jing Du, Xiangping Kong, Zhongbing Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effect of using nanofiber membrane composites containing Prussian blue-like compound nanoparticles (PNPs) to relieve ammonia nitrogen inhibition of rural organic household waste during high-solid anaerobic digestion and increase methane production. The results showed that adding NMCs with 15% PNPs can lower the concentrations of volatile fatty acids and ammonia nitrogen, and increase methane yield.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhong Ge, Xiaodong Wang, Jian Li, Jian Xu, Jianbin Xie, Zhiyong Xie, Ruiqu Ma
Summary: This study evaluates the thermodynamic, exergy, and economic performance of a double-stage organic flash cycle (DOFC) using ten eco-friendly hydrofluoroolefins. The influences of key parameters on performance are analyzed, and the advantages of DOFC over single-stage type are quantified.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nicolas Kirchner-Bossi, Fernando Porte-Agel
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of power density in wind farms and its sensitivity to the available area size. A novel genetic algorithm (PDGA) is introduced to optimize power density and turbine layout. The results show that the PDGA-driven solutions significantly reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) compared to the default layout, and exhibit a convex relationship between area and LCOE or power density.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chunxiao Zhang, Dongdong Li, Lin Wang, Qingpo Yang, Yutao Guo, Wei Zhang, Chao Shen, Jihong Pu
Summary: In this study, a novel reversible liquid-filled energy-saving window that effectively regulates indoor solar radiation heat gain is proposed. Experimental results show that this window can effectively reduce indoor temperature during both summer and winter seasons, while having minimal impact on indoor illuminance.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alessandro L. Aguiar, Martinho Marta-Almeida, Mauro Cirano, Janini Pereira, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha
Summary: This study analyzed the Brazilian Equatorial Shelf using a high-resolution ocean model and found significant tidal variations in the area. Several hypothetical barrages were proposed with higher annual power generation than existing barrages. The study also evaluated the installation effort of these barrages.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Francesco Superchi, Nathan Giovannini, Antonis Moustakis, George Pechlivanoglou, Alessandro Bianchini
Summary: This study focuses on the optimization of a hybrid power station on the Tilos island in Greece, aiming to increase energy export and revenue by optimizing energy fluxes. Different scenarios are proposed to examine the impact of different agreements with the grid operator on the optimal solution.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Peimaneh Shirazi, Amirmohammad Behzadi, Pouria Ahmadi, Sasan Sadrizadeh
Summary: This research presents two novel energy production/storage/usage systems to reduce energy consumption and environmental effects in buildings. A biomass-fired model and a solar-driven system integrated with photovoltaic thermal (PVT) panels and a heat pump were designed and assessed. The results indicate that the solar-based system has an acceptable energy cost and the PVT-based system with a heat pump is environmentally superior. The biomass-fired system shows excellent efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zihao Qi, Yingling Cai, Yunxiang Cui
Summary: This study aims to investigate the operational characteristics of the solar-ground source heat pump system (SGSHPS) in Shanghai under different operation modes. It concludes that tandem operation mode 1 is the optimal mode for winter operation in terms of energy efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
L. Bartolucci, S. Cordiner, A. Di Carlo, A. Gallifuoco, P. Mele, V. Mulone
Summary: Spent coffee grounds are a valuable biogenic waste that can be used as a source of biofuels and valuable chemicals through pyrolysis and solvent extraction processes. The study found that heavy organic bio-oil derived from coffee grounds can be used as a carbon-rich biofuel, while solvent extraction can extract xantines and p-benzoquinone, which are important chemicals for various industries. The results highlight the promising potential of solvent extraction in improving the economic viability of coffee grounds pyrolysis-based biorefineries.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Luiza de Queiroz Correa, Diego Bagnis, Pedro Rabelo Melo Franco, Esly Ferreira da Costa Junior, Andrea Oliveira Souza da Costa
Summary: Building-integrated photovoltaics, especially organic solar technology, are important for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. This study analyzed the performance of organic panels laminated in glass in a vertical installation in Latin America. Results showed that glass lamination and vertical orientation preserved the panels' performance and led to higher energy generation in winter.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhipei Hu, Shuo Jiang, Zhigao Sun, Jun Li
Summary: This study proposes innovative fin arrangements to enhance the thermal performance of latent heat storage units. Through optimization of fin distribution and prediction of transient melting behaviors, it is found that fin structures significantly influence heat transfer characteristics and melting behaviors.