Article
Plant Sciences
Fei Wang, Seiya Saito, Themis J. Michailides, Chang-Lin Xiao
Summary: The study identified A. alternata and A. arborescens as the causative agents of Alternaria rot in mandarin fruit in California, with A. arborescens being reported for the first time. Pathogenicity tests confirmed the pathogenicity of both Alternaria species on mandarin fruit.
Article
Plant Sciences
Greice Amaral Carneiro, Magdalena Walcher, Alberto Storti, Sanja Baric
Summary: Bull's eye rot, caused by Phlyctema vagabunda and Neofabraea species, is a significant postharvest disease of apples. This study investigated the diversity and biology of these pathogens in South Tyrol, Italy, which is the largest apple-producing region in Europe. The dominant species associated with bull's eye rot in this area was identified as P. vagabunda, while N. kienholzii was found only in a small number of samples. Genetic analysis revealed the presence of unique genotypes within these species. Pathogenicity tests demonstrated variations in virulence among different isolates. Accurate species identification is crucial for effective disease management.
Article
Plant Sciences
Chengming Yu, Yufei Diao, Quan Lu, Jiaping Zhao, Shengnan Cui, Cheng Peng, Bangling He, Yuancun Liang, Huixiang Liu
Summary: The study presents a high-quality genome sequence of B. dothidea strain sdau11-99, offering a valuable resource for further research on the apple fruit ring rot pathogen on apple and other hosts.
Article
Plant Sciences
Meagan van Dyk, Christoffel F. J. Spies, Lizel Mostert, Francois Halleen
Summary: Multiple potential trunk pathogens were found in olive nurseries in South Africa, with additional infections occurring during the propagation process. Management strategies should focus on preventing and eliminating infections in mother blocks, as well as ensuring that pathogen-free material is delivered to producers during the propagation process.
Article
Plant Sciences
Daniel P. Lawrence, Mohamed T. Nouri, Florent P. Trouillas
Summary: A new pathogenic fungus causing decline of olive trees in California has been identified, with different olive cultivars showing equal susceptibility to it. Moreover, its presence in other symptomatic hosts suggests that it is widespread in agricultural systems in California and should be considered an emerging pathogen.
Article
Plant Sciences
Hao Chen, James F. White, Kamran Malik, Fang Qi, Chunjie Li
Summary: Entomosporium leaf spot (ELS) is a serious disease that affects hawthorn plants worldwide. Diplocarpon mespili is the most commonly reported pathogen causing this disease. In this study, the pathogen causing ELS on hawthorn in China was identified as a distinct species, D. mespilicola sp. nov, which is similar to D. mespili. The study also determined the optimal temperature and minimum germination time for the pathogen's conidia. This information may be useful in developing disease management strategies for hawthorn production in the future.
Article
Plant Sciences
Dalia Aiello, Vladimiro Guarnaccia, Alessandro Vitale, Nicholas LeBlanc, Nina Shishkoff, Giancarlo Polizzi
Summary: Diseases caused by fungi in the genus Calonectria pose a significant threat to the ornamental horticulture industries. The high species diversity and unresolved taxonomy of Calonectria spp. make it challenging to identify and diagnose the pathogens. These fungi produce long-lived survival structures, making disease management difficult.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xueren Cao, Qun Zhang, Yongxiang He, Haiyan Che, Yating Lin, Daquan Luo, Jonathan S. West, Xiangming Xu
Summary: This study analyzed the genotypes of 112 isolates of Colletotrichum siamense and found significant genetic differentiation among three clusters, regardless of host, location, and year. This suggests that C. siamense infecting rubber tree, areca palm, and coffee in Hainan can be considered as one disease and should be controlled simultaneously.
Article
Plant Sciences
Madison J. Eaton, Shanice Edwards, Harrison A. Inocencio, Franklin J. Machado, Etta M. Nuckles, Mark Farman, Nicole A. Gauthier, Lisa J. Vaillancourt
Summary: Fungi in the genus Colletotrichum cause fruit rots in apples, blueberries, and strawberries, with accurate identification being crucial for effective management due to differences in aggressiveness and host specificity. Characterization of Colletotrichum isolates from Kentucky orchards revealed multiple species infecting different fruit types, with significant implications for cross-infection in mixed-fruit orchards. Molecular methods, including sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, proved useful in distinguishing between species and morphotypes affecting various fruit crops.
Article
Plant Sciences
Mira Vojvodic, Brankica Tanovic, Petar Mitrovic, Ivana Vico, Aleksandra Bulajic
Summary: The study revealed that Waitea circinata var. zeae is harmful to Brassicaceae plants and has a broader host range than previously known. This marks the first occurrence of this pathogen on dicotyledonous host plants in Europe. With cabbage and oilseed rape being important crops worldwide, the discovery of this new soilborne pathogen with a broad host range emphasizes the need for changes in disease control practices, particularly crop rotation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Daniel Chen, Helga Forster, James E. Adaskaveg
Summary: Natamycin as a post-harvest biopesticide for citrus fruit shows varying effectiveness against green mold and sour rot, with a significant reduction in decay on grapefruit and lemon compared to orange and mandarin. When used in combination with other fungicides, such as propiconazole, it can achieve a high reduction in disease incidence, indicating its potential as an antifungal strategy to manage post-harvest decays in citrus fruits.
Article
Plant Sciences
Stephen T. T. Baker, Martha H. H. Froelich, Harriet Boatwright, Hehe Wang, Guido Schnabel, Julia Kerrigan
Summary: Cytospora plurivora has been identified as the causal agent of premature peach tree decline in South Carolina, and this study characterized its genetic variability, virulence, and fungicide sensitivity. Six unique genotypes were identified based on ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences, with three genotypes being isolated in high frequency in multiple locations. All genotypes belonged to C. plurivora based on additional gene loci. Sensitivity to different fungicides varied among genotypes, with all genotypes being sensitive to thiophanate-methyl but showing lower sensitivity to propiconazole and difenoconazole. In vitro testing revealed that several fungicides were ineffective in inhibiting mycelial growth. Field inoculation experiments showed differences in virulence among genotypes, with G1 being the most virulent and G6 the least virulent. This study provides valuable information for disease management strategies.
Article
Plant Sciences
Guoyu Lan, Yaqing Wei, Yuwu Li, Zhixiang Wu
Summary: In this study, the structure, diversity, and assembly of bacterial and fungal communities in the roots and soil of rubber trees were investigated using amplicon sequencing. The results showed that the rhizoplane microbial community was a mixture of soil and endosphere communities, and microorganisms could disperse bidirectionally across different root compartments. The rhizosphere microbial community was found to be a subset of the soil community, with little differences in microbial composition and a more shared microbial network structure. The rhizoplane of rubber tree roots had a larger number of functional genes and a more complex network structure, indicating its importance in plant-soil-environment interactions. The study expands our understanding of root-associated microbial communities and their importance in sustainable agriculture.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Florent P. Trouillas, Mohamed T. Nouri, Tyler B. Bourret
Summary: This study reports three Phytophthora species as causal agents of crown and root rots of pistachio, indicating a new threat to the pistachio industry in California.
Article
Plant Sciences
Fei Wang, Seiya Saito, Themis J. Michailides, Chang-Lin Xiao
Summary: The study evaluated the potential of natamycin as a postharvest treatment for controlling Alternaria rot on mandarin fruit. The results indicated that natamycin was effective in reducing disease incidence and severity, even when the treatment was delayed after inoculation.