Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Michael W. Topping, Daniel P. Stark, Ryan Endsley, Rychard J. Bouwens, Sander Schouws, Renske Smit, Mauro Stefanon, Hanae Inami, Rebecca A. A. Bowler, Pascal Oesch, Valentino Gonzalez, Pratika Dayal, Elisabete da Cunha, Hiddo Algera, Paul van Der Werf, Andrea Pallottini, Laia Barrufet, Raffaella Schneider, Ilse De Looze, Laura Sommovigo, Lily Whitler, Luca Graziani, Yoshinobu Fudamoto, Andrea Ferrara
Summary: This study presents specific star formation rates (sSFRs) for 40 UV-bright galaxies at high redshifts, using improved SFR calibrations and SED-based stellar masses. The results show that the sSFRs derived from far-infrared continuum emission are higher than those derived from UV+optical SEDs. The study also suggests the possibility of spatial variations in dust across these galaxies and finds that sSFRs increase rapidly with redshifts, consistent with expectations from baryon accretion rates.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xuejian Shen, Mark Vogelsberger, Dylan Nelson, Sandro Tacchella, Lars Hernquist, Volker Springel, Federico Marinacci, Paul Torrey
Summary: Using SKIRT radiative transfer calculations, we post-process galaxies in the IllustrisTNG simulations to make predictions for the NIR and FIR properties of galaxies at z >= 4. While there are some underestimations in certain cases, the overall agreement with observations is good. We also provide predictions for the galaxy luminosity functions and number counts observed by JWST MIRI. However, TNG combined with our dust modeling choices significantly underpredicts the abundance of dust-obscured FIR galaxies and the SFRD contributed by optical/NIR dark objects. These discrepancies could provide new constraints on feedback models and dust contents in simulations. Additionally, our simulations overestimate the peak dust temperature of high-redshift galaxies by about 20 K, possibly due to the limited mass resolution.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yvonne A. Fichtner, Luca Grassitelli, Emilio Romano-Diaz, Cristiano Porciani
Summary: We calculate different sets of stellar evolutionary tracks to quantify the energy, mass, and metals yielded by massive main-sequence and post-main-sequence winds. The study aims to investigate the impact of binary systems and a metallicity-dependent distribution of initial rotational velocities on stellar wind feedback. The results show significant changes compared to the commonly used single-star scenario, particularly at low metallicity. However, the numerical experiment suggests that the enhanced mechanical feedback from rotating and binary stars has a limited impact on the most relevant galactic properties compared to the non-rotating single-star scenario.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Hiddo S. B. Algera, Hanae Inami, Pascal A. Oesch, Laura Sommovigo, Rychard J. Bouwens, Michael W. Topping, Sander Schouws, Mauro Stefanon, Daniel P. Stark, Manuel Aravena, Laia Barrufet, Elisabete da Cunha, Pratika Dayal, Ryan Endsley, Andrea Ferrara, Yoshinobu Fudamoto, Valentino Gonzalez, Luca Graziani, Jacqueline A. Hodge, Alexander P. S. Hygate, Ilse de Looze, Themiya Nanayakkara, Raffaella Schneider, Paul P. van der Werf
Summary: This study uses ALMA observations to investigate the dust content of high-redshift galaxies. The results show that dust-obscured star formation contributes approximately 30% in the interstellar medium of high-redshift galaxies, indicating its continued importance even in the epoch of reionization.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. C. Orofino, A. Ferrara, S. Gallerani
Summary: Evidence suggests that Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) in the Epoch of Reionization with redshift z > 6 may host massive black holes (MBHs). A merger-tree model combined with constraints from surveys and known populations of high-z super-MBHs reveals two possible scenarios for the growth and emission of MBHs in LBGs, depending on the fraction of early haloes planted with direct collapse black hole seeds. These scenarios have implications on the UV luminosity function and physical properties of LBGs.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rongmon Bordoloi, John M. O'Meara, Keren Sharon, Jane R. Rigby, Jeff Cooke, Ahmed Shaban, Mateusz Matuszewski, Luca Rizzi, Greg Doppmann, D. Christopher Martin, Anna M. Moore, Patrick Morrissey, James D. Neill
Summary: We report a new method to observe foreground damped Lyman alpha systems through integral-field spectroscopy. These systems have a wide extent and exhibit large variations in neutral hydrogen density, indicating the presence of the necessary fuel for the next generation of star formation.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Hakim Atek, Lukas J. Furtak, Pascal Oesch, Pieter van Dokkum, Naveen Reddy, Thierry Contini, Garth Illingworth, Stephen Wilkins
Summary: We investigate the burstiness of star formation and the ionizing efficiency of a large sample of galaxies at 0.7 < z < 1.5 using HST grism spectroscopy and deep ultraviolet (UV) imaging. Our findings suggest that the burstiness parameters of these strong emission-line galaxies may differ from previous observations and simulations. We also observe an increase of ionizing photon production efficiency with redshift, further confirming similar results at higher redshifts.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Christopher C. Lovell, Aswin P. Vijayan, Peter A. Thomas, Stephen M. Wilkins, David J. Barnes, Dimitrios Irodotou, Will Roper
Summary: This study introduces FLARES, a suite of zoom simulations using the EAGLE model, which re-simulates a range of overdensities during the Epoch of Reionization and explores environmental dependence of galaxy formation and evolution. By employing full hydrodynamics and a novel weighting scheme, FLARES constructs composite distribution functions representative of the full parent volume, significantly extending the dynamic range compared to smaller periodic simulations. Analysis of FLARES predictions for the galaxy stellar mass function, star formation rate distribution function, and star-forming sequence show a clear double-Schechter form and no environmental dependence of the SFS normalization, providing insights for future surveys probing the EoR.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Tiago Costa, Fabrizio Arrigoni Battaia, Emanuele P. Farina, Laura C. Keating, Joakim Rosdahl, Taysun Kimm
Summary: The detection of Ly alpha nebulae around z>6 quasars reveals extended gas reservoirs around rapidly growing supermassive black holes. Cosmological models can explain the observations of z>6 quasars, but it is uncertain whether they can also explain the observed extended Ly alpha emission. The study finds that a combination of recombination radiation and emission from collisionally excited gas can power Ly alpha nebulae in agreement with observations.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. Pallottini, A. Ferrara
Summary: This study quantifies and analyzes the star formation rate in high-redshift galaxies, finding that it exhibits stochastic variability. This variability is related to stellar mass but cannot explain the over-abundance seen in high-redshift systems. Other physical processes, such as radiation-driven outflows, need to be invoked to explain the enhanced luminosity of super-early systems.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Berta Margalef-Bentabol, Christopher J. Conselice, Boris Haeussler, Kevin Casteels, Chris Lintott, Karen Masters, Brooke Simmons
Summary: This study presents observational results on the formation of early spiral galaxies, which were discovered in deep Hubble Space Telescope CANDELS imaging. The study finds a significant population of spiral-like and clumpy galaxies at high redshifts, with a surprisingly high overall number density. The analysis also reveals the decline in the number of these galaxies at higher redshifts and their large sizes and high star formation rates. The study suggests that these spiral-like galaxies represent an important mode of galaxy formation in the early Universe, possibly driven by the spiral structure itself.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Madeline A. Marshall, Katelyn Watts, Stephen Wilkins, Tiziana Di Matteo, Jussi K. Kuusisto, William J. Roper, Aswin P. Vijayan, Yueying Ni, Yu Feng, Rupert A. C. Croft
Summary: We present a mock image catalogue of approximately 100,000 galaxies in the range of -22.5 to -19.6 mag at redshifts z = 7-12. We use various telescopes including the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to create mock images and perform photometry to evaluate the success of these instruments in detecting high-z galaxies. We predict that JWST will have unprecedented power and surpass other telescopes in detecting high-z galaxies.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
N. J. Adams, C. J. Conselice, L. Ferreira, D. Austin, J. A. A. Trussler, I. Juodzbalis, S. M. Wilkins, J. Caruana, P. Dayal, A. Verma, A. P. Vijayan
Summary: We conducted an analysis of the James Webb Space Telescope's SMACS 0723 field to search for ultra-high-redshift galaxies. We found four previously unidentified candidate galaxies, with one object at z = 11.5 and another possibly being a pair of galaxies. Most of the candidate galaxies showed evidence of color breaks and emission lines related to gas. These galaxies were exceptionally small in size and had relatively low masses. These candidates will be important targets for future observations to better understand their physical nature.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
N. J. Adams, C. J. Conselice, L. Ferreira, D. Austin, J. A. A. Trussler, I Juodzbalis, S. M. Wilkins, J. Caruana, P. Dayal, A. Verma, A. P. Vijayan
Summary: We conduct a search for ultra-high-redshift galaxies (z > 9) using new post-launch calibrations and identify four candidate galaxies, including one at z = 11.5 and a possible pair of galaxies. However, the recovery rate for these candidates is low, with many being assigned lower redshifts in our work. Our analysis reveals evidence of Balmer-breaks and extreme emission lines, indicating advanced or very young stellar populations depending on the cause of the excess. The resolved structures of these early galaxies show a mixture of light concentration levels, with exceptionally small sizes (<0.5 kpc).
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Tanio Diaz-Santos, Roberto J. Assef, Peter R. M. Eisenhardt, Hyunsung D. Jun, Gareth C. Jones, Andrew W. Blain, Daniel Stern, Manuel Aravena, Chao-Wei Tsai, Sean E. Lake, Jingwen Wu, Jorge Gonzalez-Lopez
Summary: EL Hot DOGs exhibit very high [C II] surface densities and diverse [C II] velocity fields, with similar sizes and line-to-continuum ratios, but with substantial uncertainties. This suggests that the eruptive phase of EL Hot DOGs may be recurrent.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
L. Wang, F. Gao, P. N. Best, K. Duncan, M. J. Hardcastle, R. Kondapally, K. Malek, I McCheyne, J. Sabater, T. Shimwell, C. Tasse, M. Bonato, M. Bondi, R. K. Cochrane, D. Farrah, G. Guerkan, P. Haskell, W. J. Pearson, I Prandoni, H. J. A. Roettgering, D. J. B. Smith, M. Vaccari, W. L. Williams
Summary: By cross-matching Herschel sources and LOFAR sources, this study provides the most accurate estimate to date of the bright end of the infrared luminosity functions and the abundance of hyperluminous IR galaxies with IR luminosities >10(13)L(circle dot). The results show a good agreement with previous studies and indicate that the population of HLIRGs has surface densities with variations due to a combination of the applied flux limit and cosmic variance.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
B. Mingo, J. H. Croston, P. N. Best, K. J. Duncan, M. J. Hardcastle, R. Kondapally, I Prandoni, J. Sabater, T. W. Shimwell, W. L. Williams, R. D. Baldi, M. Bonato, M. Bondi, P. Dabhade, G. Gurkan, J. Ineson, M. Magliocchetti, G. Miley, J. C. S. Pierce, H. J. A. Rottgering
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between accretion mode and radio morphology for a sample of 286 well-resolved radio galaxies using the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields (LoTSS-Deep) data release. The results show that radio-loud active galaxies can have two accretion modes, radiatively inefficient (RI) and radiatively efficient (RE), and both can produce FRII structures. The study also finds a population of low-luminosity FRII galaxies, indicating that FRII radio structures can exist at all radio luminosities. Furthermore, the probability of producing FRI or FRII radio morphology is directly linked to stellar mass, while RE accretion occurs in systems with high specific star formation rate.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. Calabro, L. Guaita, L. Pentericci, F. Fontanot, M. Castellano, G. De Lucia, T. Garofalo, P. Santini, F. Cullen, A. Carnall, B. Garilli, M. Talia, G. Cresci, M. Franco, J. P. U. Fynbo, N. P. Hathi, M. Hirschmann, A. Koekemoer, M. Llerena, L. Xie
Summary: This study investigates the environmental effects on the stellar mass-metallicity relation for star-forming galaxies in the redshift range 2 < z < 4. The results show that environmental effects are weak in this redshift range, but are more significant around dense overdensity structures and protoclusters.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Adam C. Carnall, Ross J. McLure, James S. Dunlop, Massissilia Hamadouche, Fergus Cullen, Derek J. McLeod, Ryan Begley, Ricardo Amorin, Micol Bolzonella, Marco Castellano, Andrea Cimatti, Fabio Fontanot, Adriana Gargiulo, Bianca Garilli, Filippo Mannucci, Laura Pentericci, Margherita Talia, Giovani Zamorani, Antonello Calabro, Giovanni Cresci, Nimish P. Hathi
Summary: We present the stacked spectrum of massive quiescent galaxies at 1.0 < z < 1.3, showing a decrease in metallicity and iron abundance compared to the local universe. The average alpha enhancement of galaxies with similar mass has not evolved over the past 8 billion years, suggesting that high alpha enhancements in recent bright quiescent galaxies are due to their extreme masses. Our findings are consistent with recent studies and provide independent verification of formation redshifts.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
R. Begley, F. Cullen, R. J. McLure, J. S. Dunlop, A. Hall, A. C. Carnall, M. L. Hamadouche, D. J. McLeod, R. Amorin, A. Calabro, A. Fontana, J. P. U. Fynbo, L. Guaita, N. P. Hathi, P. Hibon, Z. Ji, M. Llerena, L. Pentericci, A. Saldana-Lopez, D. Schaerer, M. Talia, E. Vanzella, G. Zamorani
Summary: This study aims to measure the average Lyman-continuum escape fraction of star-forming galaxies at around 3.5. By analyzing a sample of 148 galaxies, the study reveals a positive correlation between the escape fraction and Ly a equivalent width, and an inverse correlation with intrinsic UV luminosity and UV dust attenuation. The study also suggests that galaxy stellar mass is not a primary indicator of the escape fraction.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Rohit Kondapally, Philip N. Best, Rachel K. Cochrane, Jose Sabater, Kenneth J. Duncan, Martin J. Hardcastle, Paul Haskell, Beatriz Mingo, Huub J. A. Rottgering, Daniel J. B. Smith, Wendy L. Williams, Matteo Bonato, Gabriela Calistro Rivera, Fangyou Gao, Catherine L. Hale, Katarzyna Malek, George K. Miley, Isabella Prandoni, Lingyu Wang
Summary: Feedback from low-excitation radio galaxies (LERGs) is important for the evolution of massive galaxies. They can be separated into LERGs hosted by quiescent and star-forming galaxies, with the latter dominating at high redshifts.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. L. Hamadouche, A. C. Carnall, R. J. McLure, J. S. Dunlop, D. J. McLeod, F. Cullen, R. Begley, M. Bolzonella, F. Buitrago, M. Castellano, O. Cucciati, A. Fontana, A. Gargiulo, M. Moresco, L. Pozzetti, G. Zamorani
Summary: We study the relationships between stellar mass, size, and age within the quiescent population and find evidence of the "downsizing" phenomenon already in place at a redshift of approximately 1.1. We observe an increase in size and tentative evidence for a flattening of the mass-size relation as redshift decreases. Furthermore, we find a correlation between size and D(n)4000, with larger galaxies having smaller D(n)4000 at fixed stellar mass. The observed evolution in size, mass, and D(n)4000 can be explained by passive evolution with minor mergers.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alice Concas, Roberto Maiolino, Mirko Curti, Connor Hayden-Pawson, Michele Cirasuolo, Gareth C. Jones, Amata Mercurio, Francesco Belfiore, Giovanni Cresci, Fergus Cullen, Filippo Mannucci, Alessandro Marconi, Michele Cappellari, Claudia Cicone, Yingjie Peng, Paulina Troncoso
Summary: We found evidence of ionized gas outflows in the main-sequence star-forming galaxies, with a higher significance in the most massive galaxies and a negligible role in dwarf galaxies.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
P. W. Hatfield, M. J. Jarvis, N. Adams, R. A. A. Bowler, B. Haussler, K. J. Duncan
Summary: The paper presents a technique for predicting the photometric redshifts of galaxies using template fitting and machine learning methods. The results show that combining multiple methods improves the accuracy of photometric redshift predictions compared to using each method individually.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Kenneth J. Duncan
Summary: This paper presents photometric redshift (photo-z) estimates for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Legacy Imaging Surveys. The photo-z methodology is based on a machine-learning approach using sparse Gaussian processes and Gaussian mixture models, which can predict reliable and unbiased redshifts for galaxies in wide area surveys. The estimates are significantly less biased and more accurate at z > 1 compared to previous literature estimates, and have negligible loss in precision or reliability for resolved galaxies at z < 1. This approach also offers accurate predictions for rare high-value populations, including optically selected quasars at high redshifts and X-ray or radio continuum selected populations across a broad range of flux and redshift.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Leah K. Morabito, F. Sweijen, J. F. Radcliffe, P. N. Best, Rohit Kondapally, Marco Bondi, Matteo Bonato, K. J. Duncan, Isabella Prandoni, T. W. Shimwell, W. L. Williams, R. J. van Weeren, J. E. Conway, G. Calistro Rivera
Summary: Identifying active galactic nuclei (AGNs) using brightness temperature (T-b) measurements from radio observations allows for the study of the co-evolution of AGNs and their host galaxies, with evidence suggesting a mixture of star-formation and AGN activity.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. C. Carnall, R. Begley, D. J. McLeod, M. L. Hamadouche, C. T. Donnan, R. J. McLure, J. S. Dunlop, B. Milvang-Jensen, C. L. Bondestam, F. Cullen, S. M. Jewell, C. L. Pollock
Summary: We present first-look analysis of JWST ERO data in the SMACS J0723.3-7327 cluster field, reporting 10 new spectroscopic redshifts determined from NIRSpec data. Multiple high-SNR emission line detections revealed five objects at 1 < z < 3 displaying near-infrared Hydrogen Paschen lines and five objects at 5 < z < 9 displaying optical Oxygen and Hydrogen Balmer lines. Combining NIRCam bands and existing HST photometry, we extract fluxes and perform spectral energy distribution fitting for the higher-redshift galaxies. Our findings suggest an extremely young stellar population with low-stellar masses and young mean stellar ages, emphasizing the importance of combining NIRCam surveys with NIRSpec follow-up.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Fergus Cullen, R. J. McLure, D. J. McLeod, J. S. Dunlop, C. T. Donnan, A. C. Carnall, R. A. A. Bowler, R. Begley, M. L. Hamadouche, T. M. Stanton
Summary: We study the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) continuum slopes (beta) of galaxies at redshifts 8 < z < 16 (z = 10) using JWST ERO and ERS NIRCam imaging and ground-based near-infrared imaging. The results show that the UV colors of galaxies at z > 8 are, on average, no bluer than the bluest galaxies in the local universe.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. Saldana-Lopez, D. Schaerer, J. Chisholm, A. Calabro, L. Pentericci, F. Cullen, A. Saxena, R. Amorin, A. C. Carnall, F. Fontanot, J. P. U. Fynbo, L. Guaita, N. P. Hathi, P. Hibon, Z. Ji, D. J. McLeod, E. Pompei, G. Zamorani
Summary: Based on the study of deep rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) spectra of approximately 500 galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) from the ESO-VANDELS spectroscopic survey, we find that the absolute ionizing photon escape fraction ($f_{\rm esc}<^>{\rm abs}$) and ionizing production efficiency (?(ion)) are positively correlated with low mass, blue UV-continuum slopes, and strong Ly a emitting galaxies.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Talia, C. Schreiber, B. Garilli, L. Pentericci, L. Pozzetti, G. Zamorani, F. Cullen, M. Moresco, A. Calabro, M. Castellano, J. P. U. Fynbo, L. Guaita, F. Marchi, S. Mascia, R. McLure, M. Mignoli, E. Pompei, E. Vanzella, A. Bongiorno, G. Vietri, R. O. Amorin, M. Bolzonella, A. C. Carnall, A. Cimatti, G. Cresci, S. Cristiani, O. Cucciati, J. S. Dunlop, F. Fontanot, P. Franzetti, A. Gargiulo, M. L. Hamadouche, N. P. Hathi, P. Hibon, A. Iovino, A. M. Koekemoer, F. Mannucci, D. J. Mcleod, A. Saldana-Lopez
Summary: VANDELS is a deep spectroscopic survey aimed at studying the physical properties of high-redshift galaxies. The survey provides a measurement catalog that includes characteristics of emission and absorption lines, as well as various indices and breaks.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)