Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Noureen Syed, Jianfeng Huang, Yongqiang Feng
Summary: Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have great potential in photocatalytic applications for degrading pollutants in water due to their excellent properties, but limitations such as poor activity under visible light and recombination of electron-hole pairs hinder their large-scale application.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
W. Han, D. Li, X. Hu, W. Qin, H. Sun, S. Wang, X. Duan
Summary: In this study, the efficiency of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) as photocatalysts is improved by fine-tuning the surface chemistry through selectively substituting surface carbonyl group (C=O) with phenylhydrazine (PH). The modified CQDs-PH show enhanced light absorption and separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, leading to boosted generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. Theoretical calculations demonstrate spatial separation of electrons and holes on CQDs due to the spontaneous surface polarization induced by PH functionalization. This research provides a feasible approach to enhance the photocatalytic activity of CQDs for sustainable water decontamination.
MATERIALS TODAY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yanyan Zhao, Hongxia Guo, Jie Liu, Qiong Xia, Jifang Liu, Xuhua Liang, Enzhou Liu, Jun Fan
Summary: In this study, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) modified 3D-flower like BiOX photocatalyst was successfully prepared and its crystal structure, optical properties, and photocatalytic activity were investigated. The CQDs/BiOX composite showed enhanced photocatalytic activity and had excellent light harvesting and electron transfer ability.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kamran Akbar, Elisa Moretti, Alberto Vomiero
Summary: The text discusses the significant progress made by humanity in technology, domestic, and industrial sectors, but highlights the pollution caused to the planet as a result. The focus is on aquatic pollution, with the introduction of carbon dots as a promising material for efficient removal of aqueous pollutants through photodegradation. The unique properties of carbon dots make them an ideal candidate for solar-driven chemical reactions in the degradation of aqueous pollutants.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jun Yan Tai, Kah Hon Leong, Pichiah Saravanan, Sin Tee Tan, Woon Chan Chong, Lan Ching Sim
Summary: This study presents a facile method to prepare carbon quantum dots (CQDs) using human fingernails as a green precursor, which exhibit selective detection of copper ions and enhanced photocatalytic performance for pollutant removal when coupled with g-C3N4. The high loading of CQDs in the composite sensitizes g-C3N4 to sunlight, resulting in improved charge carrier transport and efficient generation of oxidizing radicals for degradation of pollutants.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yipeng Li, Ruirui Li, Zikang Zhu, Jun Liu, Peng Pan, Yangyang Qi, Zhengchun Yang
Summary: In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots and ZnO composites were prepared to enhance the electrochemiluminescence performance of carbon quantum dots for copper ion detection. The composite ZnO materials with paper-based modified electrodes showed improved ECL performance, demonstrating the principle of signal enhancement. The sensitivity and detection limit of the paper ECL sensor were improved, indicating the potential application of N-CQDs/ZnO composites in ECL signal amplification.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hwapyung Jung, Vijay S. Sapner, Arindam Adhikari, Bhaskar R. Sathe, Rajkumar Patel
Summary: This article introduces the recent progress of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) in photocatalysis. CQDs possess unique optical and electronic properties, and demonstrate excellent characteristics in sunlight harvesting and tunable photoluminescence through mechanisms like photo-excited electron transfer.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chaochao Gao, Wen Yu, Minghao Du, Bingxuan Zhu, Wanbao Wu, Yihong Liang, Dong Wu, Baoyu Wang, Mi Wang, Jiaheng Zhang
Summary: This study successfully prepared a highly conductive Ag/CQDs/G composite with good dispersibility and water stability, and the formation mechanism was discussed. The addition of a small amount of Ag nanoparticles significantly reduced the electrical resistivity, and the composite film exhibited durability when bent, rolled, or twisted. This research provides an efficient strategy for preparing graphene-based conductive composites and high-performance conductive inks for flexible printed electronics.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Saravanan Gengan, H. C. Ananda Murthy, Mika Sillanpa, Tan Nhat
Summary: This article discusses the application of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) in the photodegradation of aquatic contaminants. CQDs possess outstanding physicochemical characteristics and can serve as efficient photocatalysts for the removal of water pollutants.
RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Spectroscopy
Neha Singh, Sonu Kumari, Suphiya Khan
Summary: A low-cost and highly sensitive colorimetric detector for fluoride ions using carbon quantum dots and metal salts was developed, showing high selectivity towards fluoride ions compared to other ions. The detector exhibited a linear response in the range of 2-8 ppm, with color changes observable to the naked eye at concentrations as low as 2 ppm. Fluoride ion detection was successfully conducted in water samples from different districts, highlighting the wide sensing range of the developed colorimetric detector.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jingjie Zhang, Quanrun Liu, Junhao Wang, He He, Feng Shi, Baolin Xing, Jianbo Jia, Guangxu Huang, Chuanxiang Zhang
Summary: A facile and energy-efficient impregnation method using coal tar pitch as natural CQDs was proposed for the preparation of effective CQDs/TiO2 composite photocatalysts at room temperature. The composites show significantly improved photodegradation performance of rhodamine B under visible-light irradiation, with the degradation rate constant 43.7-fold higher than pure TiO2 at the optimum CQDs content. The enhanced photocatalytic performance is attributed to improved absorption ability of visible light, accelerated charge carrier separation/transfer, and reduced recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs through successful coupling between TiO2 and CQDs.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lingyun Hao, Yuanyuan Yu, Zhanming Liang, Hewei Hou, Xi Liu, Changzhou Chen, Douyong Min
Summary: In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) with different properties were prepared by using kraft lignin as the raw material and EDA as a nitrogen dopant. The amount of EDA added affected the carbonization reaction and surface state of NCQDs. The results showed that the surface defects of NCQDs increased, and the fluorescence intensity and stability improved. NCQDs also exhibited high photo-catalytic activity in degrading methylene blue under simulated sunlight irradiation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hui-Jun Li, Shibo Zhi, Bojie Gui, Yanlu Chen, Ying Li, Aiying Chen, Xianying Wang, Junhe Yang, Bin He, Ding Wang, Guisheng Li
Summary: In this study, confined carbon quantum dots (CQDs) within polyaniline-derived polymer dots were fabricated using a solvothermal treatment method. The obtained hybrids exhibited a stable lotus-pod structure and demonstrated ultrasensitive fluorescent recognition of aniline. This work provides a novel design strategy for constructing CQDs with excellent sensing ability, especially for fluorescent sensing applications under complex conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Varsha Lisa John, Francis Joy, Amy Jose Kollannoor, Kuruvilla Joseph, Yamuna Nair, T. P. Vinod
Summary: This study reports a novel synthesis route for preparing carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with customized surface functionality. By chemically modifying paper precursors and tethering amine groups on the paper substrates, CQDs with amine functional groups on the surface can be synthesized. The amine functionalization on the surface of CQDs enables their applications in DNA binding, suggesting their potential as efficient biological probes.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Kaory Barrientos, Juan Pablo Arango, Manuel Santiago Moncada, Jersson Placido, Juliana Patino, Sara Legny Macias, Camilo Maldonado, Sandra Torijano, Sandra Bustamante, Martha Elena Londono, Marisol Jaramillo
Summary: Due to their exceptional properties, carbon dots, carbon quantum dots, and graphene quantum dots have garnered attention in biosensing. This review provides an overview of the synthesis methods, properties, and applications of these carbonaceous nanomaterials in the detection of infectious and non-communicable diseases.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Nishi Mehak, Bindu Rani, Aadil Fayaz Wani, Shakeel Ahmad Khandy, Ajay Singh Verma, Atif Mossad Ali, M. A. Sayed, Shobhna Dhiman, Kulwinder Kaur
Summary: In this study, the electronic, structural, and thermoelectric properties of newly designed layered rare-earth metal germanide halides were investigated. The materials showed promising thermoelectric performance, making them suitable candidates for energy harvesting in thermoelectric applications.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Devidas I. Halge, Vijaykiran N. Narwade, Nabeel M. S. Kaawash, Pooja M. Khanzode, Sohel J. Shaikh, Jagdish W. Dadge, Prashant S. Alegaonkar, Rajeshkumar S. Hyam, Kashinath A. Bogle
Summary: This study presents the design and fabrication of a high-performance blue light photodetector using an n-type cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin film and a p-type polyaniline (PANI). The photodetector demonstrates exceptional performance characteristics, including high responsivity, detectivity, and sensitivity, along with rapid response time and rectification behavior. The research represents a significant advancement in the field of high-performance photodetectors.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Da Hu, Jiabin Lu, Qiusheng Yan, Yingrong Luo, Ziyuan Luo
Summary: This study introduces a chemical mechanical polishing technique based on metal electrochemical corrosion for single-crystal SiC to address the environmental pollution caused by the polishing solution in chemical mechanical polishing. Wear experiments were conducted to investigate the wear properties of SiC C-surface under different grinding ball materials and solutions. The proposed mechanism of material removal in single-crystal SiC via metal electrochemical corrosion was discussed.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Lifang Mei, Long Lin, Dongbing Yan, Yu Liang, Yu Wu, Shuixuan Chen
Summary: This paper investigates the removal of CuO particles from silicon wafer surfaces using a picosecond laser. Numerical calculations and experimental research were conducted, and a thermal-stress coupled finite element model was established. The results show that as the laser energy density increases, the removal rate of CuO particles initially increases and then decreases, while the roughness of the silicon substrate decreases and then increases.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Michihiro Yamada, Shuhei Kusumoto, Atsuya Yamada, Kentarou Sawano, Kohei Hamaya
Summary: In this study, we demonstrated the low-temperature growth of a Ge layer on a Co-based Heusler alloy via Sn doping, which improved the magnetic properties and spin signal.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiang-Long Wei, Bao-Feng Shan, Zong-Yan Zhao
Summary: This study synthesized and characterized a CuAlO2/CuGaO2 heterostructure and evaluated its photocatalytic performance. The heterostructure exhibited superior performance compared to individual CuAlO2 and CuGaO2 photocatalysts, with increased carrier concentration, enhanced redox capabilities, superior electrochemical stability, and reduced interfacial resistance. Photocatalytic experiments demonstrated the remarkable oxidation potential and notable reduction activity of the heterostructure, outperforming CuAlO2 and CuGaO2 in degradation rates and hydrogen production rates, respectively. These findings highlight the superior performance and broad applicability of the CuAlO2/CuGaO2 heterostructure in various photocatalytic reactions.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Micka Bah, Daniel Alquier, Marie Lesecq, Nicolas Defrance, Damien Valente, Thi Huong Ngo, Eric Frayssinet, Marc Portail, Jean-Claude De Jaeger, Yvon Cordier
Summary: This study investigates the AlN nucleation layer issue in GaN high frequency telecommunication and power switching systems fabricated after heteroepitaxy on Silicon or Silicon Carbide. It is shown that using 3C-SiC as an intermediate layer can significantly decrease RF propagation losses. Measurements and analyses demonstrate that dopant diffusion into the 3C-SiC pseudo-substrate is confined beneath the interface, and a slightly conductive zone is present beneath the AlN/3C-SiC interface, explaining the low propagation losses obtained for the devices. This work highlights the importance and efficiency of the 3C-SiC intermediate layer as a pseudo-substrate.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shuang Wang, Lijun Wu, Zhiqing Wang, Ziyue Qian
Summary: The geometric structure and electrical properties of zigzag and armchair DWSiNT perfect tubes with different Stone-Wales defects were simulated using the SCC-DFTB method. It was found that the atomic arrangement, stability, energy gap, and charge distribution strongly depend on the type of tube. The effects of strong and weak electric fields on the tubes were also investigated, showing different impact on stability and energy gap. These findings have implications for future experimental studies.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Nanda Kumar Reddy Nallabala, Sunil Singh Kushvaha, Sambasivam Sangaraju, Venkata Krishnaiah Kummara
Summary: This study focuses on the preparation and performance of MIS-type high-k dielectric oxide-based UV photodetectors. The researchers found that the Au/Ta2O5/GaN devices prepared on Ta2O5/GaN heterojunction with post-annealing exhibited improved photoresponsivity, EQE, and rise/fall times. This improvement is attributed to the optimized band configuration of the Ta2O5/GaN heterostructure and the effect of post-annealing on photogenerated charge carriers.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jean-Francois Michaud, Marc Portail, Daniel Alquier, Dominique Certon, Isabelle Dufour
Summary: This paper reviews the use of MEMS devices without sensitive layers in gas detection applications. These devices can measure a physical property of the gas to determine its concentration, and have the advantages of generality and high detection limits.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kanyu Yang, Chaojie Shi, Ruizhao Tian, Haoyue Deng, Jie He, Yangyang Qi, Zhengchun Yang, Jinshi Zhao, Zhen Fan, Jun Liu
Summary: This study investigates the electrical and synaptic properties of Ag/TiO2 nanorod/FTO-based RRAM devices, focusing on the impact of different seed layer thicknesses on nanorod thickness and RRAM performance. The devices show remarkable achievements in terms of endurance, self-compliance, and resistance switching ratio. The switching mechanism is attributed to space-charge-limited conduction resulting from electron trapping in oxygen vacancy traps. The devices also maintain stable synaptic properties even after undergoing multiple cycles of long-term potentiation and depression.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Karthickraj Muthuramalingam, Wei-Chih Wang
Summary: This study presents a non-destructive approach using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) to estimate the electrical properties of semi-insulating compound semiconductors. The study successfully measures the resistivity and carrier concentration of semi-insulating Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Indium Phosphide (InP) wafers using THz-TDS in transmission mode. The simplified Drude model and the Nelder-Mead algorithm are employed to estimate the electrical properties, and the results are in accordance with the manufacturer specifications. The feasibility of non-destructive mapping of the electrical properties is demonstrated, offering a promising tomographic inspection approach for online monitoring.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Pengfei Wei, Rui Tong, Xiaofeng Liu, Yao Wei, Yongan Zhang, Xu Liu, Jian Dai, Haipeng Yin, Dongming Liu
Summary: This study investigates the influence of SiNx and SiOxNy as rear-side passivation films on the performance of PERC+ cells. SiNx film is found to have better passivation performance and resistance to aluminum paste erosion, while SiOxNy film exhibits better optical performance. By designing multi-layer SiNx/SiOxNy/SiNx stacks, the cells' efficiency and bifaciality are significantly improved.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shuangting Ruan, Xiaolan Li, Wen Cui, Zhihui Zhang, Zhihui Xu, Huanqi Cao, Shougen Yin, Shishuai Sun
Summary: Integrating photosensitive electrode materials can effectively improve the low temperature tolerance and enhance energy density and power density. The surface morphology reconstruction technique can increase the active surface area and improve electrolyte contact, leading to higher specific capacity. Additionally, the electrodes demonstrate excellent photoelectric and photothermal conversion abilities, allowing the supercapacitor to maintain high energy density even at low temperatures.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ashmalina Rahman, James Robert Jennings, Mohammad Mansoob Khan
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the synthesis and applications of nanostructured CuInS2 in photocatalytic applications. Various strategies, including the introduction of dopants, surface decoration, and heterojunction formation, have been summarized to improve the photocatalytic performance of CuInS2. However, scientific challenges such as the high carrier recombination rate limit the broad application of CuInS2.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2024)