Article
Neurosciences
Charith Perera, Ian F. Harrison, Mark F. Lythgoe, David L. Thomas, Jack A. Wells
Summary: Pharmacological MRI studies aim to evaluate the effects of drugs on brain hemodynamics, providing insights into novel therapeutics and diagnostic information for diseases like dementia. This study introduces a method for simultaneous recording of brain perfusion and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier function changes, demonstrating differential pharmacological modulation of vessel tone at the blood brain barrier and BCSFB.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Amnah Mahroo, Simon Konstandin, Matthias Guenther
Summary: This study used noninvasive multiple-echo-time arterial spin labeling MRI to investigate age-related changes in the blood-brain barrier permeability to water. The results showed that older individuals have increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier compared to younger individuals, suggesting a decline in barrier integrity with aging.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Liheng Wu, Yanghui Liu, Liangfu Zhu, Tianxiao Li, Li'na Wang, Yang Zhang, Zhilong Zhou, Ying Xing, Meiyun Wang, Bulang Gao
Summary: This study investigates the value of MRI arterial spin labeling (ASL) in evaluating the blood-brain barrier permeability and the risk of hemorrhage transformation (HT) in patients with anterior circulation subacute ischemic stroke (SIS) treated with endovascular recanalization. The results showed that patients with HT had significantly higher rCBF value, Ktrans, and rKtrans. The ASL imaging sequence demonstrated high consistency with the DCE sequence and Xper CT imaging. Overall, the MRI ASL sequence plays an important role in evaluating the blood-brain barrier permeability and the risk of hemorrhagic transformation in patients with anterior circulation SIS following endovascular recanalization.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Chen Ling, Jinyuan Zhang, Xingfeng Shao, Li Bai, Zhixin Li, Yunchuang Sun, Fan Li, Zhaoxia Wang, Rong Xue, Yan Zhuo, Qi Yang, Zihao Zhang, Danny J. J. Wang, Yun Yuan
Summary: This study found that the BBB water exchange rate was decreased in patients with CADASIL. The decreased rate was associated with increased MRI lesion burden and functional dependence of the patients, suggesting the involvement of BBB dysfunction in the pathogenesis of CADASIL.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Zhiliang Wei, Hongshuai Liu, Zixuan Lin, Minmin Yao, Ruoxuan Li, Chang Liu, Yuguo Li, Jiadi Xu, Wenzhen Duan, Hanzhang Lu
Summary: This study aimed to develop a non-contrast arterial-spin-labeling (ASL) based MRI technique to estimate BBB permeability to water in mice. By determining the relative fraction of labeled water spins that were exchanged into the brain tissue as opposed to those that remained in the cerebral veins, we estimated indices of global BBB permeability to water. The proposed method may provide new avenues for preclinical research on pathophysiological mechanisms of brain diseases and therapeutic trials in animal models.
Article
Immunology
Nuria Villalba, Yonggang Ma, Sarah A. Gahan, Aurelie Joly-Amado, Sam Spence, Xiaoyuan Yang, Kevin R. Nash, Sarah Y. Yuan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of lung infection on blood-brain barrier disruption and behavioral changes, and found that systemic bacterial infection may contribute to lung-brain axis inflammatory response through cytokine release.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Francesco Sanvito, Catalina Raymond, Nicholas S. Cho, Jingwen Yao, Akifumi Hagiwara, Joey Orpilla, Linda M. Liau, Richard G. Everson, Phioanh L. Nghiemphu, Albert Lai, Robert Prins, Noriko Salamon, Timothy F. Cloughesy, Benjamin M. Ellingson
Summary: Dynamic SAGE-EPI allows for simultaneous quantification of brain tumor perfusion and permeability, as well as mapping of novel metrics related to cytoarchitecture and blood-brain barrier disruption.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Sultan Z. Mahmud, Thomas S. Denney, Adil Bashir
Summary: This study demonstrates the application of a novel noninvasive technique to measure the BBB permeability in the human brain at 7 T. The technique combines magnetization transfer effects and arterial spin labeling to distinguish between intravascular and tissue water. It also calculates perfusion, water extraction fraction, and BBB permeability surface area product.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haoan Wu, Lei Liu, Ming Ma, Yu Zhang
Summary: This study proposes a novel approach for the treatment of glioblastoma, using targeted delivery of fingolimod to the brain tumor region to modulate the blood-brain tumor barrier (BBTB) and deliver magnetic hyperthermia.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ji He, Riya Biswas, Piyush Bugde, Jiawei Li, Dong-Xu Liu, Yan Li
Summary: CRISPR-Cas9 is widely used in genome editing and provides several advantages for studying the interactions between membrane proteins and drugs. However, there are still challenges and issues to be addressed in CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Xingfeng Shao, Chenyang Zhao, Qinyang Shou, Keith S. St Lawrence, Danny J. J. Wang
Summary: This study presents a pulse sequence and mathematical models for quantification of blood-brain barrier water exchange and permeability. The MCDW-pCASL sequence allows visualization of intravascular/extravascular ASL signals across multiple PLDs. The three-compartment SPA model provides a comprehensive measurement of blood-brain barrier water dynamics from group-averaged data, and a simplified LRL method was proposed for individual k(w) quantification.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Leonie Petitclerc, Lydiane Hirschler, Jack A. Wells, David L. Thomas, Marianne A. A. van Walderveen, Mark A. van Buchem, Matthias J. P. van Osch
Summary: The study of brain clearance mechanisms is ongoing, with a focus on the role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). While CSF plays a central role in the clearance pathways, the exact processes of its secretion and waste removal are still debated. An improved MRI sequence and analysis method are proposed to track the transport of water from blood to CSF, shedding light on the exchange process.
Article
Neurosciences
Fangfang Zhao, Liyuan Zhong, Yumin Luo
Summary: The blood-brain barrier is a complex neurovascular unit that protects neurons and maintains stability of the central nervous system, with endothelial glycocalyx playing a critical role in its structure and functions. Damage to glycocalyx can lead to dysfunction and neurological diseases, highlighting the importance of research in providing theoretical basis for diagnosis and treatment.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Qin Zhang, Juan Tan, Li Wan, Chao Chen, Bin Wu, Xijian Ke, Rongxue Wu, Xiao Ran
Summary: The study demonstrated that high doses of tissue kallikrein (TK) may increase blood-brain barrier permeability, while standard and medium doses of TK have less impact on the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. TK modulates blood-brain barrier permeability through different signaling pathways, serving as a potential adjunctive treatment to enhance the efficacy of neurotherapeutics.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sabarish Sekar, Selvadasan Vinayagamani, Bejoy Thomas, Chandrasekharan Kesavadas
Summary: A 53-year-old chronic uncontrolled diabetic patient presented with generalized seizures followed by drowsiness and post-ictal confusion. MRI showed abnormal findings in the left temporal region with increased perfusion on ASL. Persistent ASL hyperperfusion due to hyperglycemia-induced increased blood-brain barrier permeability may lead to long-term cognitive disturbances.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
J. Uh, J. A. Jordan, A. S. Pappo, M. J. Krasin, C. Hua
Summary: The purpose of this study is to characterize the changes in tumor volume in children with parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma receiving upfront proton therapy with concurrent chemotherapy. The findings suggest that there is a significant reduction in tumor volume within three weeks after simulation, indicating a need for on-treatment imaging at this time point.
Correction
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Qin Qin, David C. C. Alsop, Divya S. S. Bolar, Luis Hernandez-Garcia, James Meakin, Dapeng Liu, Krishna S. S. Nayak, Sophie Schmid, Matthias J. P. van Osch, Eric C. C. Wong, Joseph G. G. Woods, Greg Zaharchuk, Moss Y. Y. Zhao, Zungho Zun, Jia Guo
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Dengrong Jiang, Peiying Liu, Zixuan Lin, Kaisha Hazel, George Pottanat, Emma Lucke, Abhay Moghekar, Jay J. Pillai, Hanzhang Lu
Summary: The study aims to develop an MRI technique to non-invasively measure the MTL-OEF. The method measures the venous oxygenation in the basal veins of Rosenthal, which can estimate the MTL-OEF. The results show that the AS-aTRUPC MRI technique has the potential to be a disease biomarker.
Article
Clinical Neurology
S. K. Gujar, K. Manzoor, J. Wongsripuemtet, G. Wang, D. Ryan, S. Agarwal, M. Lindquist, B. Caffo, J. J. Pillai, H. I. Sair
Summary: This study aimed to determine the accuracy of identifying the language network from resting-state fMRI using independent component analysis (ICA) maps. The results showed that reviewers with more years of experience had higher accuracy in identifying the language network.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Dapeng Liu, Dan Zhu, Feng Xu, Farzad Sedaghat, Qin Qin
Summary: The purpose of this study was to develop velocity selective arterial spin labeling (VSASL) protocols for prostate blood flow (PBF) and prostate blood volume (PBV) mapping. Fourier-transform based velocity-selective inversion and saturation pulse trains were used to obtain blood flow and blood volume weighted perfusion signal in VSASL sequences. The study found that a low cutoff velocity of 0.25-0.50 cm/s was necessary for adequate perfusion signal in both PBF and PBV measurements in prostate.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Dan Zhu, Feng Xu, Dapeng Liu, Argye Elizabeth Hillis, Doris Lin, Peter C. M. van Zijl, Qin Qin
Summary: This study compared the performance of 3D SOS-TFL and 3D GRASE for ASL at 3T and found that 3D SOS-TFL can achieve similar results with fewer shots and higher temporal resolution. It also has minimal relaxation-induced blurring and reduced CSF contamination, making it especially suitable for VSASL.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Feng Xu, Dapeng Liu, Dan Zhu, Argye E. Hillis, Arnold Bakker, Anja Soldan, Marilyn S. Albert, Doris D. M. Lin, Qin Qin
Summary: This MRI study evaluated the test-retest reliability of VSI-prepared 3D VSASL protocol to measure baseline CBF variations in different brain regions among cognitively normal participants. The study found that both absolute and relative CBF showed higher variability, but could still detect normal variations using VSASL.
Article
Biophysics
Di Cao, Yuanqi Sun, Yinghao Li, Pan Su, Jay J. Pillai, Ye Qiao, Hanzhang Lu, Peter C. M. Van Zijl, Linda Knutsson, Jun Hua
Summary: Recent studies have shown the importance of studying the interaction between the microvascular and lymphatic systems in the brain. Most imaging methods can only measure blood or lymphatic vessels separately, but this study attempts to develop an approach that can measure both in a single scan. The proposed method showed consistent results in healthy subjects and can detect Gd-induced signal changes in blood and CSF simultaneously.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Xirui Hou, Pengfei Guo, Puyang Wang, Peiying Liu, Doris D. M. Lin, Hongli Fan, Yang Li, Zhiliang Wei, Zixuan Lin, Dengrong Jiang, Jin Jin, Catherine Kelly, Jay J. Pillai, Judy Huang, Marco C. Pinho, Binu P. Thomas, Babu G. Welch, Denise C. Park, Vishal M. Patel, Argye E. Hillis, Hanzhang Lu
Summary: Cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of death globally and prevention and early intervention are crucial. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) can be used to map cerebral hemodynamic function and impairment by exploiting time variations in breathing pattern. Deep learning enables reproducible mapping of cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and bolus arrival time (BAT) using CO2 fluctuations as a natural contrast media, which shows potential for detecting vascular abnormalities and evaluating revascularization effects.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Scott H. H. Faro, Arichena Manmatharayan, Benjamin Leiby, Neelu Jain, Feroze B. B. Mohamed, Kiran S. S. Talekar, Amish Doshi, Ivan Jambor, Sanders Chang, Mark Finkelstein, Stephane Kremer, Francois Lersy, Brenden Lindgren, Nathalia M. M. Figueiredo, Simonetta Gerevini, Angela Napolitano, Rajan Jain, Siddhanth Dogra, Jay Pillai, Dan Ryan, Rolf Jager, Francesco Carletti, Asim Mian, Artem Kaliev, Pria Anand, Courtney Takahashi, Ak Murat, Rivka Colen, Giancarlo Mansueto, Francesca Pizzini
Summary: This multicenter, multinational study investigated the incidence and spectrum of acute neuroimaging (NI+) findings in 37,950 hospitalized adult COVID-19 subjects, including regional differences in incidences of NI+, associated comorbidities, and other demographics. The overall incidence of NI+ was 1.16%, with 0.95% in the United States and 2.09% in Europe. Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), encephalitis, and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) were common in Europe, while ischemic strokes were more common in the United States. In this cohort, the incidence and distribution of NI+ helped characterize the neurological complications of COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jinsoo Uh, Chuang Wang, Jacob A. Jordan, Fakhriddin Pirlepesov, Jared B. Becksfort, Ozgur Ates, Matthew J. Krasin, Chia-Ho Hua
Summary: This study developed a novel method to generate synthetic CT (sCT) from CBCT of the abdomen/pelvis with gas pockets, improving the accuracy of proton range estimation for proton therapy. The hybrid method combining CycleGAN and DIR effectively generated the geometry-weighted and intensity-weighted components of sCT, resulting in more accurate CT numbers and better similarity in gas regions compared to deformed pCT or CycleGAN-only sCT. The hybrid method also showed advantages in proton range verification and adaptive replanning.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Shruti Agarwal, Kirk M. Welker, David F. Black, Jason T. Little, David R. DeLone, Steven A. Messina, Theodore J. Passe, Chetan Bettegowda, Jay J. Pillai
Summary: We discussed the reliability of fMRI for in vivo evaluation of eloquent cortex, which helps to reduce the risk of postsurgical morbidity. Task-based fMRI (tb-fMRI) is commonly used for the noninvasive, accurate evaluation of eloquent cortex implicated in sensorimotor, language, and visual function. Resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) is being increasingly employed in addition to tb-fMRI and may serve as an adjunct for presurgical mapping in the future. However, more validation and standardization is necessary prior to adopting rs-fMRI for daily clinical care.
Article
Oncology
Ozgur Ates, Jinsoo Uh, Fakhriddin Pirlepesov, Chia-Ho Hua, Brandon Triplett, Amr Qudeimat, Akshay Sharma, Thomas E. Merchant, John T. Lucas Jr
Summary: This study addresses the challenge of respiratory motion in pediatric patients undergoing proton therapy for total lymphoid irradiation (TLI). The research concludes that 4D plan evaluation and robust optimization techniques can help address respiratory motion challenges in proton TLI treatments. Patient-specific respiratory motion evaluations are crucial to ensure adequate dosimetric coverage in proton therapy for pediatric patients.
Article
Oncology
Yilin Cao, Vishwa S. Parekh, Emerson Lee, Xuguang Chen, Kristin J. Redmond, Jay J. Pillai, Luke Peng, Michael A. Jacobs, Lawrence R. Kleinberg
Summary: We propose a new framework called tumor connectomics, which combines complex graph theory and multiparametric radiomics, to distinguish radiation necrosis (RN) from true progression (TP) in brain metastases. Our method utilizes MRI-based features, clinical and treatment factors, and machine-learning techniques to achieve accurate classification. The combined features of connectomics and radiomics achieved high sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values in distinguishing TP from RN.
Article
Oncology
Jared Becksfort, Jinsoo Uh, Andrew Saunders, Julia A. Byrd, Hannah M. Worrall, Matt Marker, Christian Melendez-Suchi, Yimei Li, Jenghwa Chang, Kavitha Raghavan, Thomas E. Merchant, Chia-ho Hua
Summary: This study investigates the setup uncertainty in brain tumor patients undergoing image-guided proton therapy. Daily cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were performed, and statistical approaches were used to calculate and correct manual setup errors, measure residual errors, and assess intrafractional motion. The study found that CBCT reduced the 95th percentile of setup uncertainty, and there was a larger variation in roll corrections reported by radiographs compared to CBCT. The study also showed that anesthetized patients had lower intrafractional motion. The findings provide important insights for designing safe and optimal proton treatments.