Article
Environmental Sciences
Stephan Sommer, Colin Vance
Summary: This study, based on panel data from Germany, finds that public charging infrastructure has a significant positive impact on the uptake of electric vehicles (EVs), especially in areas with higher population densities. Despite exceeding the EU's recommended minimum ratio of charging points to EVs, inadequate infrastructure coverage remains a constraint on the widespread adoption of EVs. The model estimates support a geographically differentiated targeting of subsidies for charging infrastructure.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zamir Mera, Natalia Fonseca, Jesus Casanova, Jose-Maria Lopez
Summary: This study analyzed real-world NOx emissions and found that some vehicles exceeded the Euro 6 limits. Vehicles equipped with SCR systems had emission factors only 1.0 times the limit, while HEVs had very low emissions at approximately 2 mg NOx km(-1). Cold start, urban driving, and cooling conditions of aftertreatment devices could lead to a decrease in NOx conversion efficiency.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Johannes Buberger, Anton Kersten, Manuel Kuder, Richard Eckerle, Thomas Weyh, Torbjoern Thiringer
Summary: This paper compares the total life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions of commercially available passenger cars with different powertrains and energy sources. The results show that conventional gasoline and diesel vehicles emit the highest amount of emissions, while vehicles powered by green electricity, biogas, and fuel cells can significantly reduce emissions.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuhan Huang, Casey K. C. Lee, Yat-Shing Yam, Wai-Chuen Mok, John L. Zhou, Yuan Zhuang, Nic C. Surawski, Bruce Organ, Edward F. C. Chan
Summary: Vehicle emissions are the most significant contributor to air pollution in urban areas worldwide. On-road remote sensing technology offers a fast, accurate, and cost-effective means of identifying high-emitting vehicles, leading to improved urban air quality.
Article
Economics
Gail Broadbent, Cameron Allen, Thomas Wiedmann, Graciela Metternicht
Summary: This study uses an integrated macroeconomic model to project Australia's future road transport demand, vehicle mix, energy consumption, and GHG emissions, and concludes that urgent policy action is needed to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050.
Article
Engineering, Industrial
M. Rempel
Summary: This article examines a major maritime disaster scenario and explores the evacuation process in such a situation. The study finds that there are various factors that affect the number of lives saved, including the uncertainty of individuals' medical condition, the arrival time of maritime and air assets, and the decision policies used. The authors formulate the multi-domain operation as a sequential decision problem using a modeling framework and provide decision support through a hypothetical case study.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Amolika Sinha, Daniel Bassil, Sai Chand, Navreet Virdi, Vinayak Dixit
Summary: The study investigates the impact of connected automated buses in a mixed fleet with connected automated vehicles on the performance of urban transport systems. Results show that connected automated buses can significantly reduce travel time and standstill times, while also decreasing forced lane changes between vehicles and improving road safety.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Onur Donmezcelik, Emre Kocak, H. Hasan Orkcu
Summary: According to Turkiye's 2053 net zero target, the transport sector is identified as one of the most important sectors in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Electrification is considered a crucial strategy for achieving this goal in transportation. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the involvement of the transport sector in terms of transport policies to reach the target. A Transport Sector Energy Model based on Turkiye Energy Model is developed for this purpose, and the sector is analyzed under two scenarios: the Stated Policies Scenario and the Net Zero Emissions Scenario. The analysis of the model results highlights the significance of developing sink areas and implementing low carbon policies, such as CO2 standards, technology constraints, and behavioral changes in transport, to achieve Turkiye's net zero target emissions.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Vera O'Riordan, Fionn Rogan, Brian O'Gallachoir, Hannah Daly
Summary: This article assesses the private car CO2 emissions and car tax revenue in Ireland over a 10-year period following the introduction of an emissions-based car taxation policy in 2008. The study utilizes a model of the Irish car stock, incorporating new car sales, car fleet mileage, and CO2 emissions intensity data to provide a comprehensive analysis of historic CO2 emissions from the car fleet. A counterfactual scenario is developed, comparing car purchasing trends in EU countries that did not implement emissions-based purchase and annual car taxes over the same period. The study reveals that, compared to this counterfactual scenario, the CO2 emissions intensity of new car sales in 2018 would have been 9% higher, resulting in an estimated cumulative CO2 saving of 1.2 Mt from 2008 to 2018 due to the tax change. However, total annual emissions from private cars would have been 4.4% higher in the counterfactual scenario, and the tax change also led to a decline in annual motor tax revenues.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xianchun Tan, Tangqi Tu, Baihe Gu, Yuan Zeng
Summary: This study evaluates and promotes low-carbon transport policy options for integrated spatial planning in developing countries, using an integrated model to simulate and evaluate CO2 emissions from LDPVs at the community level. Shenzhen International Low Carbon City was chosen as the case study, indicating the significance of spatial equalized patterns of mixed land-use and transport facilities in reducing CO2 emissions from light-duty passenger vehicles.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Marina Siebenhofer, Amela Ajanovic, Reinhard Haas
Summary: This study analyzes the impact of policies on the dissemination of BEVs in countries with significant market shares, finding that non-monetary incentives such as access to specific zones and bus lanes for BEVs combined with registration taxes, low electricity prices, and high fuel prices are very favorable conditions.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mihai Machedon-Pisu, Paul Nicolae Borza
Summary: Compared to conventional passenger cars, hybrid and electric alternatives with electric motors and large batteries have the advantages of clean energy, reduced operation emissions, and decreasing purchase prices, making them solid choices for the market. This study analyzes the feasibility of transitioning to electric cars based on costs, pollutants, and energy consumption for compact to large-sized cars. The study concludes that the transition to full-electric cars is currently not sustainable in terms of energy consumption, but hybrid alternatives and full-electric cars relying on renewable energy show lower energy consumption, costs, and emissions compared to conventional cars.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew Jiaxuan Law, Ricardo Martinez-Botas, Phil Blythe
Summary: The UK Department of Transport conducted a vehicle emissions testing programme in 2016 in response to the Volkswagen emissions scandal. The programme revealed significant discrepancies between real-world and in-lab testing of diesel passenger vehicles. Findings include mismanaged exhaust gas recirculation altering NOx emissions, the introduction of a new Real-Life Emissions methodology, and a concerning divergence between NOx improvement and CO2 deterioration. These findings contribute to improving vehicle emissions testing, developing climate change mitigation strategies, and enhancing air quality.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Economics
Georg Hirte, Renee Laes, Regine Gerike
Summary: Once automatic vehicles are available, working from self-driving cars becomes an option. It allows firms to socialize office land costs to road infrastructure used by AV's mobile offices.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART A-POLICY AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Obiora A. Nnene, Dereje Senshaw, Mark H. P. Zuidgeest, Tagay Hamza, Stelios Grafakos, Basil Oberholzer
Summary: This paper discusses the development of Business-as-usual (BAU) and low-emission scenarios for the energy sector in Ethiopia as part of the government's efforts to develop a Long-term Low Emissions Development Strategy (LT-LEDS) for the country. The government aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in line with its commitment to the goals of the 2015 Paris Agreement. Taking actions such as updating the Country's National Determined Contribution (NDC) and developing mitigation scenarios, Ethiopia aims to achieve a 68% emissions reduction by 2030.
ENERGY STRATEGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mireia Gascon, Thomas Gotschi, Audrey de Nazelle, Esther Gracia, Albert Ambros, Sandra Marquez, Oriol Marquet, Ione Avila-Palencia, Christian Brand, Francesco Iacorossi, Elisabeth Raser, Mailin Gaupp-Berghausen, Evi Dons, Michelle Laeremans, Sonja Kahlmeier, Julian Sanchez, Regine Gerike, Esther Anaya-Boig, Luc Int Panis, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
(2019)
Article
Economics
Christian Brand, Jillian Anable, Ioanna Ketsopoulou, Jim Watson
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thomas Gotschi, Sonja Kahlmeier, Alberto Castro, Christian Brand, Nick Cavill, Paul Kelly, Christoph Lieb, David Rojas-Rueda, James Woodcock, Francesca Racioppi
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Christian Brand, Thomas Gotschi, Evi Dons, Regne Gerike, Esther Anaya-Boig, Ione Avila-Palencia, Audrey de Nazelle, Mireia Gascon, Mailin Gaupp-Berghausen, Francesco Iacorossi, Sonja Kahlmeier, Luc Int Panis, Francesca Racioppi, David Rojas-Rueda, Arnout Standaert, Erik Stigell, Simona Sulikova, Sandra Wegener, Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen
Summary: The study highlights the importance of promoting active travel to reduce carbon emissions, particularly in urban areas. Shifting towards more sustainable modes of transport can have significant impacts on mitigating climate change.
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Christian Brand, Evi Dons, Esther Anaya-Boig, Ione Avila-Palencia, Anna Clark, Audrey de Nazelle, Mireia Gascon, Mailin Gaupp-Berghausen, Regine Gerike, Thomas Gotschi, Francesco Iacorossi, Sonja Kahlmeier, Michelle Laeremans, Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, Juan Pablo Orjuela, Francesca Racioppi, Elisabeth Raser, David Rojas-Rueda, Arnout Standaert, Erik Stigell, Simona Sulikova, Sandra Wegener, Luc Int Panis
Summary: Active travel, such as cycling and walking, is considered a more sustainable transportation option with lower life cycle CO2 emissions compared to car travel. Increasing cycling trips and reducing car trips can significantly decrease CO2 emissions. Promoting active travel is essential for meeting net zero carbon targets and improving public health and urban life quality.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiuleng Yang, Emma McCoy, Esther Anaya-Boig, Ione Avila-Palencia, Christian Brand, Gloria Carrasco-Turigas, Evi Dons, Regine Gerike, Thomas Goetschi, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, Juan Pablo Orjuela, Luc Int Panis, Arnout Standaert, Audrey de Nazelle
Summary: Research findings indicate that active travel (such as cycling, walking) can reduce stress levels for urban residents, while motorized travel can increase stress levels. These results provide additional evidence for promoting active travel in cities.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Martino Tran, Christian Brand
Summary: Significant global investments are being made into smart urban mobility technologies, but limited evidence supports the potential co-benefits for reducing carbon emissions, environmental pollutants, and human health impacts. Conservative estimates of vehicle electrification and grid decarbonisation were used to develop a smart mobility framework, which showed that ambitious policy measures could lead to substantial reductions in carbon emissions and air pollutants by 2050. However, the study also suggests that the growth in urban van delivery and freight services may partially offset the reductions achieved from passenger cars due to lifestyle and consumer trends.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Economics
Kathryn G. Logan, John D. Nelson, Christian Brand, Astley Hastings
Summary: This study compared a simple operation emissions model (OPEM) with a life cycle analysis (LCA) approach to predict emissions from internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) and battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in different vehicle scenarios. Results showed that OPEM predicted higher emissions in one of the scenarios compared to LCA.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART A-POLICY AND PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Applied
Simona Sulikova, Christian Brand
Summary: This research demonstrates that psychosocial constructs play a significant role in influencing the decision to cycle or walk in European cities, more so than built environment variables. Additionally, trip purpose and the meso level also impact the importance of built environment and attitudinal variables in explaining active travel. The study supports the use of multi-faceted interventions rather than focusing solely on single policies to increase walking and cycling in urban areas.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART F-TRAFFIC PSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR
(2021)
Article
Economics
Simona Sulikova, Christian Brand
Summary: Soft, information-based measures to encourage walking and cycling may not be effective as standalone interventions in the long run, but can be effective when combined with other policies.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART A-POLICY AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
John Barrett, Steve Pye, Sam Betts-Davies, Oliver Broad, James Price, Nick Eyre, Jillian Anable, Christian Brand, George Bennett, Rachel Carr-Whitworth, Alice Garvey, Jannik Giesekam, Greg Marsden, Jonathan Norman, Tadj Oreszczyn, Paul Ruyssevelt, Kate Scott
Summary: Research suggests that reducing energy demand can reduce reliance on carbon removal technologies, have moderate investment requirements, and increase climate ambition. National policies should prioritize energy demand reduction measures.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiuleng Yang, Juan Pablo Orjuela, Emma McCoy, Guillem Vich, Esther Anaya-Boig, Ione Avila-Palencia, Christian Brand, Gloria Carrasco-Turigas, Evi Dons, Regine Gerike, Thomas Gotschi, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, Luc Int Panis, Arnout Standaert, Audrey de Nazelle
Summary: Using objective measured data and a robust causal inference framework, this study finds that black carbon exposure increases stress during cycling and walking, while greenspace exposure and the presence of walking or cycling infrastructure could reduce stress.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
James Dixon, Waqquas Bukhsh, Keith Bell, Christian Brand
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of plug-in frequency on the potential benefits of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology for electric vehicles. The study finds that maximizing plug-in frequency can significantly reduce charging costs and slightly decrease carbon emissions. Therefore, owners are financially and environmentally incentivized to maximize their plug-in frequency, thus maximizing the storage resource of V2G.
Article
Economics
Mireia Gascon, Oriol Marquet, Esther Gracia-Lavedan, Albert Ambros, Thomas Gotschi, Audrey de Nazelle, Luc Int Panis, Regine Gerike, Christian Brand, Evi Dons, Ulf Eriksson, Francesco Iacorossi, Ione Avila-Palencia, Tom Cole-Hunter, Mark J. Nieuwenhuisjen
Article
Business
Christian Brand, Tim Schwanen, Jillian Anable
JOURNAL OF RETAILING AND CONSUMER SERVICES
(2020)
Article
Economics
Marie-Louise Arlt, David Chassin, Claudio Rivetta, James Sweeney
Summary: This paper examines the impact of real-time pricing and load automation on residential distribution systems. The study finds that implementing real-time pricing can result in an aggregate welfare gain of 39 USD per customer and year. However, it also notes that RTP and load automation may significantly increase peak system load. Introducing a market-based demand management system can further enhance welfare gains and reduce grid investment.
Article
Economics
Javier Jorquera-Copier, Alvaro Lorca, Enzo Sauma, Stefan Lorenczik, Matias Negrete-Pincetic
Summary: As countries update their climate ambitions, low-carbon hydrogen production and use present opportunities for emissions reductions and economic development. A case study for Chile shows that integrating hydrogen and electricity networks can lower system costs and enhance renewable integration, but policy support is needed to address concerns related to water and land use.
Article
Economics
Dawit Guta, Hisham Zerriffi, Jill Baumgartner, Abhishek Jain, Sunil Mani, Darby Jack, Ellison Carter, Guofeng Shen, Jennifer Orgill-Meyer, Joshua Rosenthal, Katherine Dickinson, Rob Bailis, Yuta Masuda
Summary: Household solid fuel use is detrimental to health and the environment. The Indian government's PMUY subsidy has successfully promoted the adoption of LPG by millions of households. However, there is limited understanding of the decision-making process to reduce solid fuel use after transitioning to cleaner fuels. This study found that factors such as household wealth, social status, education level, and the prevalence of LPG use in the village are positively associated with LPG consumption and the discontinuation of solid fuel use. On the other hand, factors such as distance to LPG refill delivery, household size, and the PMUY subsidy are negatively associated with the share of LPG use.
Article
Economics
Nicolas Morell-Dameto, Jose Pablo Chaves-Avila, Tomas Gomez San Roman, Pablo Duenas-Martinez, Tim Schittekatte
Summary: This paper assesses the performance of differently implemented forward-looking network tariff designs and proposes an innovative coordination mechanism to increase predictability in a future with many flexible customers. The study reveals that if large shares of customers synchronize their responses to highly time-varying and locational-specific network charges, it can lead to unexpected reinforcements.
Article
Economics
Alexandra Gritz, Guntram Wolff
Summary: Russia's weaponization of gas supplies shook the energy security of Central and Eastern Europe in 2022. The region responded by increasing alternative energy supplies and developing new gas supply routes. Renewable energy, nuclear energy, and hydrogen play important roles in the long-term. Mitigating the impact of this shock requires the EU to prioritize the integrity of its energy market.
Article
Economics
Jaroslaw Kantorowicz, Marion Collewet, Matthew DiGiuseppe, Hendrik Vrijburg
Summary: Economic costs are a major political obstacle to investing in climate change mitigation and adaptation measures. The method of financing plays a crucial role in determining public opposition to government green investments, with debt financing being less opposed than broad-based taxes. This study suggests that credit market tools, such as green bonds and debt for climate swaps, can be politically efficient in increasing support for green financing. Carbon taxes and wealth taxes are found to be the most preferred options.
Article
Economics
Kun Guo, Liyuan Luan, Xiaoli Cai, Dayong Zhang, Qiang Ji
Summary: This paper investigates China's energy trade stability using a survival analysis approach. It finds that the energy trade linkages between China and 153 other countries are complex and unstable, with short periods of trade with many countries. Geopolitically risky regions, such as the Middle East and Africa, have the lowest trade stability. Climate risks have significant effects on energy trade stability. The paper proposes several policy options to improve energy trade stability in China, with special attention to increasing global climate risks.
Article
Economics
Simona Bigerna, Piyush Choudhary, Nikunj Kumar Jain, Silvia Micheli, Paolo Polinori
Summary: This study estimates the willingness to pay of Indian urban consumers for a continuous supply of electricity using contingent valuation method. The findings show that the amount consumers are willing to pay depends on the duration of power outages, with households preferring shorter outages. Income and environmental attitude also positively influence higher willingness to pay. These insights can inform policymakers in designing more reliable and customer-centric energy generation and distribution models.
Article
Economics
Temilade Sesan, Unico Uduka, Lucy Baker, Okechukwu Ugwu, Ewah Eleri, Subhes Bhattacharyya
Summary: This study examines the impact of the regulatory framework on rural electrification and universal energy access goals in Nigeria's mini-grid sector. The findings suggest that while the current framework has fostered sector growth, additional measures are necessary to ensure equitable distribution of access among rural populations.
Article
Economics
Rui Shan, Noah Kittner
Summary: Energy storage is a cornerstone in decarbonization planning as it reduces operational costs and greenhouse gas emissions, while enhancing resilience and renewables integration. However, storage developers in different regions have varying economic and environmental considerations, thereby requiring policy intervention to achieve long-term emission reductions.
Article
Economics
Tung Durmaz, Sevil Acar, Simay Kizilkaya
Summary: This study investigates the phenomenon of strategic capacity withholding in the Turkish electricity market and its relationship with the capacity remuneration mechanism. The empirical results provide strong evidence of strategic capacity withholding and show that the capacity mechanism contributes to the duration of failures. The study offers important insights for policymakers, including the implementation of a random verification mechanism and restructuring of the capacity mechanism in Turkey.
Article
Economics
Tii N. Nchofoung
Summary: The study finds that oil price shocks have a negative impact on Africa's energy transition, particularly in rural areas and net crude oil exporting countries. However, oil price shocks cannot explain the urban-rural differences in clean energy access. Therefore, increasing investment in clean energy and technologies in rural areas is necessary to enhance the resilience of the energy sector to oil price shocks.
Article
Economics
Najia Saqib, Muhammad Usman, Ilhan Ozturk, Arshian Sharif
Summary: This study examines the impact of environmental technologies, financial growth, and energy use on ecological footprint and green growth. Environmental innovation and renewable energy deployment contribute to green growth, while financial expansion and non-renewable energy use have negative effects on the environment. The study also identifies causal relationships between different factors.
Article
Economics
Yessica C. Y. Chung, Noxolo Kunene, Hung-Hao Chang
Summary: The Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) is considered an innovative technology for building a green society. This study investigates the impact of REC purchases on stock return and volume in Taiwan between 2017 and 2021. The findings suggest that REC purchases have a positive effect on stock returns of manufacturing firms but not service firms. The frequency of REC purchases is also an important factor in the relationship between REC purchase and firm value. Additionally, the study reveals that public attention to environmental pollution plays a crucial role in positive stock returns and volume, while ESG disclosure is negatively associated with returns and volume.
Article
Economics
Seife Ayele, Wei Shen, Yacob Mulugetta, Tadesse Kuma Worako
Summary: This paper addresses the challenges of governing energy procurement from a mix of non-hydropower renewable energy sources supplied by independent producers. Building on political economy analysis and five case studies of independent producer projects from Ethiopia, it seeks to understand the root causes of the protracted delays and limited extent of procurement by independent producers. The key contestations lie in managing long term contracts, risk, uncertainty and in developing the institutional and human capacity to transition.
