Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Helen B. Everts, Eleonore-Nausica Akuailou
Summary: Animal studies in the 1920s showed that vitamin A deficiency could lead to cancer in epithelial tissues, but typically results in death in humans. Recent research indicates that a high dietary intake of vitamin A can reduce the risk of skin cancer, specifically caused by excess exposure to UVB. This highlights the potential importance of vitamin A in preventing certain types of cancer.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joanna Dulinska-Litewka, Yoav Sharoni, Przemyslaw Halubiec, Agnieszka Lazarczyk, Oskar Szafranski, James A. McCubrey, Bartosz Gasiorkiewicz, Piotr Laidler, Torsten Bohn
Summary: Carotenoids, including lycopene and beta-carotene, play important roles in intra- and intercellular signaling, cell growth, and differentiation of prostate tissue. This review summarizes research on the role of carotenoids in prostate physiology and pathology over the past decade.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Haiyan Zhu, Xin Wang, Shihao Lu, Kongbo Ou
Summary: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a malignancy characterized by metabolic reprogramming, which provides potential targets for therapeutic interventions. This review summarizes recent discoveries of metabolic alterations in ccRCC, including changes in glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. It also discusses the development of metabolic drugs targeting these pathways and proposes future trends in drug development. Overall, this review highlights the potential for developing new treatments for ccRCC based on metabolic alterations.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Fumihiro Fujiki, Soyoko Morimoto, Akiko Katsuhara, Akane Okuda, Saeka Ogawa, Eriko Ueda, Maki Miyazaki, Ayako Isotani, Masahito Ikawa, Sumiyuki Nishida, Hiroko Nakajima, Akihiro Tsuboi, Yoshihiro Oka, Jun Nakata, Naoki Hosen, Atsushi Kumanogoh, Yusuke Oji, Haruo Sugiyama
Summary: In this study, researchers identified a key molecule called retinol dehydrogenase 10 (Rdh10) that plays a crucial role in regulating T cell differentiation. They found that vitamin A metabolites activate retinoic acid receptor (RAR) signaling, leading to comprehensive epigenetic repression of memory T cell-associated genes and promoting effector T cell differentiation. Importantly, memory T cells generated through blocking RAR signaling showed strong anti-tumor responses in adoptive T cell transfer setting. This study highlights the importance of vitamin A metabolism and its signaling in memory T cell-based cancer immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivan Pinos, Jianshi Yu, Nageswara Pilli, Maureen A. Kane, Jaume Amengual
Summary: This study investigated the effects of exogenous retinoic acid on murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and the role of interleukin 4 (IL4) in vitamin A homeostasis. The results showed that exogenous retinoic acid synergized with IL4 to regulate anti-inflammatory pathways in macrophages. IL4 also stimulated retinoic acid production and secretion in a STAT6-dependent manner.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Catherine O'Connor, Parisa Varshosaz, Alexander R. Moise
Summary: This translation article discusses the importance of vitamin A and its roles in fetal development, immunity, and vision. The focus is on the retinoic acid-controlled feedback mechanisms in maintaining vitamin A homeostasis. Various genomic, gene editing, and chromatin capture technologies for investigating these mechanisms are also discussed.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jee Ah Kim, Ja-Hyun Jang, Soo-Youn Lee
Summary: Vitamin A and carotenoids function as powerful antioxidants in modulating oxidative stress and cancer development; despite their protective roles, limitations exist in their application for breast cancer prevention and treatment; research demonstrates evidence regarding their association with cancer risk, cancer mechanisms, and updates in clinical practice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amy E. Defnet, Sushrut D. Shah, Weiliang Huang, Paul Shapiro, Deepak A. Deshpande, Maureen A. Kane
Summary: The study demonstrates that vitamin A metabolism is decreased in asthmatic lungs and enhancing RA receptor signaling may mitigate airway remodeling associated with asthma.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Franz Ewendt, Anne Lehmann, Maximilian F. Wodak, Gabriele I. Stangl
Summary: Sclerostin, a protein secreted by osteocytes and skeletal muscles, inhibits bone formation through the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. This study shows that ATRA and beta-carotene can increase sclerostin synthesis in muscle cells, but the effect of beta-carotene depends on its conversion to a retinoid.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Julia S. Steinhoff, Achim Lass, Michael Schupp
Summary: Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) is a specific transport protein for lipophilic vitamin A and plays a crucial role in retinol transport and homeostasis. Dysregulation of RBP4 can lead to various conditions and diseases, affecting embryonic development, vision, metabolism, and cardiovascular health. In addition to its transport function, RBP4 may have other important roles.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Rashi Vishwakarma, Anushree Malik
Summary: A green extraction process is proposed to reduce energy and petroleum solvent consumption, while maintaining environmental safety and quality. The study focuses on generating a highly permeable cell using crude fungal enzymes, enabling simultaneous cultivation and extraction. A novel pretreatment method combining partial enzymatic digestion and maintaining viability of microalgae cells allows for further product recovery from the same biomass.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Mi Wang, Bo Wang, Shanshan Wang, Han Lu, Hao Wu, Manyi Ding, Linlin Ying, Yanjun Mao, Yao Li
Summary: Quercetin can improve lipid metabolism in broilers by modulating gut microbial and AMPK/PPAR signaling pathways.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Julia S. Steinhoff, Achim Lass, Michael Schupp
Summary: RBP4 is a major transport protein of retinol in the body, primarily expressed in the liver where it plays a crucial role in mobilizing vitamin A reserves. In addition to retinol transport, RBP4 also has other functions, with two distinct receptors identified for mediating retinol uptake.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Huidong Liu, Ye-Guang Chen
Summary: TGF-beta signaling plays a critical role in metabolism and is closely related to the progression of various diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Madeline P. Sheeley, Chaylen Andolino, Violet A. Kiesel, Dorothy Teegarden
Summary: Vitamin D exerts anti-cancer effects by regulating energy metabolism during cancer progression, including glucose, glutamine, and lipid metabolism, as well as oxidative stress protection.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Johannes von Lintig, Jean Moon, Darwin Babino
Summary: The photochemistry of vision involves opsins and the isomerization of their retinylidine chromophores. Different animal classes use distinct G proteins to regulate the photoreceptor membranes. Vertebrates utilize retinoic acid as a ligand for nuclear hormone receptors, while obtaining carotenoids from diet and metabolizing them. Recent advancements have led to a better understanding of carotenoid metabolism and its impact on ocular pathologies.
PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH
(2021)