Review
Immunology
Estefania Munoz-Atienza, Patricia Diaz-Rosales, Carolina Tafalla
Summary: The development of mucosal vaccines against pathogens is a highly explored area of research, as they have the potential to best elicit protective responses at mucosal surfaces. In order to provide efficient long-lasting protection, mucosal vaccines must elicit adequate systemic immune responses in addition to local responses. The organization and response of B and T cells in teleost fish within mucosal sites vary greatly from mammals, highlighting the importance of identifying antigens that can induce strong and long-lasting immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Ioannis Kienes, Ella L. Johnston, Natalie J. Bitto, Maria Kaparakis-Liaskos, Thomas A. Kufer
Summary: This article summarizes the subversion strategies used by bacterial pathogens to evade host immune detection, focusing on the well-studied NLRs NOD1/2, NLRP3, and NLRC4. The authors discuss how bacterial pathogens activate these NLRs to promote inflammation and disease, as well as mechanisms used by bacteria to attenuate NLR activation and interfere with host immunity. They also highlight the role of NLRs in facilitating immunotolerance and persistence of bacteria in the host, and the therapeutic potential of harnessing bacterial immune subversion strategies for chronic inflammatory conditions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yongyao Yu, Zhenyu Huang, Weiguang Kong, Fen Dong, Xiaoting Zhang, Xue Zhai, Gaofeng Cheng, Mengting Zhan, Jiafeng Cao, Liguo Ding, Guangkun Han, Fumio Takizawa, Yang Ding, J. Oriol Sunyer, Zhen Xu
Summary: The lungs and swim bladders of vertebrates, as air-filled organs, play important roles in immune responses. This study reveals that swim bladders, similar to lungs, act as mucosal surfaces and have secretory IgT as the main immunoglobulin responsible for viral neutralization and immune responses. These findings demonstrate a previously unknown function of teleost swim bladders in adaptive mucosal immune responses and highlight the role of secretory IgT in antiviral defense.
Article
Immunology
Ming-Shu Hsieh, Mei-Yu Chen, Chia-Wei Hsu, Yu-Wen Tsai, Fang-Feng Chiu, Cheng-Lung Hsu, Chang-Ling Lin, Chiao-Chieh Wu, Ling-Ling Tu, Chen-Yi Chiang, Shih-Jen Liu, Ching-Len Liao, Hsin-Wei Chen
Summary: Formyl peptide receptor-like 1 inhibitor protein (FLIPr) is a potential vaccine candidate produced by Staphylococcus aureus for reducing its virulence and biofilm formation. Recombinant lipidated FLIPr (rLF) was produced to increase its immunogenicity and showed to elicit potent anti-FLIPr responses and overcome FLIPr-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. Additionally, rLF acts as an effective adjuvant by inducing strong and long-lasting immune responses in mice, supporting its potential use to enhance vaccine efficacy and abolish FLIPr-mediated immunosuppressive effects.
Article
Immunology
Nikaia Smith, Pedro Goncalves, Bruno Charbit, Ludivine Grzelak, Maxime Beretta, Cyril Planchais, Timothee Bruel, Vincent Rouilly, Vincent Bondet, Jerome Hadjadj, Nader Yatim, Helene Pere, Sarah H. Merkling, Amine Ghozlane, Solen Kerneis, Frederic Rieux-Laucat, Benjamin Terrier, Olivier Schwartz, Hugo Mouquet, Darragh Duffy, James P. Di Santo
Summary: This study conducted a paired analysis of nasopharyngeal and systemic immune responses in COVID-19 patients, revealing distinct compartmentalization of immunity and shifts in the microbiome.
Article
Immunology
Hui Su, Renjie Chang, Weiwei Zheng, Yuena Sun, Tianjun Xu
Summary: This study identified two miRNAs, miR-210 and miR-3570, which negatively regulate host antibacterial immunity in miiuy croaker. These miRNAs inhibit inflammatory cytokine production by targeting RIPK2, thereby modulating the NF-kappa B signaling pathway and playing a regulatory role in bacteria-induced inflammatory response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Li-guo Ding, Guang-kun Han, Xin-you Wang, Ru-han Sun, Yong-yao Yu, Zhen Xu
Summary: This study investigated the composition of the teleost gallbladder microbiota and its potential role in mucosal immunity. The results showed that the gallbladder microbiome was similar to the gut microbiota. Infection induced inflammation and disrupted microbial homeostasis in the gallbladder. Beneficial bacteria from the Lactobacillales order increased in abundance in the bile microbial community, while the structure of the Mycoplasmatales order in the gut microbial community changed significantly.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Karina L. Hissen, Wenliang He, Guoyao Wu, Michael F. Criscitiello
Summary: Comparative animal models provide fundamental scientific knowledge of immune responses. There is now an interest in using teleost fish models to study intestinal immunology, with a focus on the intestinal mucosa immune response. Amino acid supplementation can enhance the immune response in fish, and nutritionists can develop sustainable aquafeeds to promote specific immune responses. To further understand the mucosal immune system in fish, future studies should incorporate various tools such as genomics, proteomics, nutrition, immunology, and metabonomics analysis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Asmat Ali, Abdul Waris, Muhammad Ajmal Khan, Muhammad Asim, Atta Ullah Khan, Sahrish Khan, Jehan Zeb
Summary: Emerging and re-emerging bacterial infections pose a serious threat to human and animal health, especially those caused by intracellular bacteria. Current treatment methods involve narrow-spectrum antibiotics, but FDA-approved vaccines for obligate intracellular bacterial infections are lacking. However, various types of vaccines are currently being tested in clinical trials, including live, attenuated, subunit, killed whole cell, nano-based, and DNA vaccines.
Review
Cell Biology
Megan V. C. Barnes, Peter J. M. Openshaw, Ryan S. Thwaites
Summary: Despite decades of research, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced bronchiolitis remains a major cause of infant hospitalization with no vaccines or specific therapies currently available. Recent studies have shown the role of Type-2 immune responses in RSV disease and suggest that it dampens Type-1 antiviral immunity. Other immunoregulatory pathways implicated in RSV disease highlight the importance of localized mucosal responses in the respiratory mucosa.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ameneh Khatami, Ruby C. Y. Lin, Aleksandra Petrovic-Fabijan, Sivan Alkalay-Oren, Sulaiman Almuzam, Philip N. Britton, Michael J. Brownstein, Quang Dao, Joe Fackler, Ronen Hazan, Bri'Anna Horne, Ran Nir-Paz, Jonathan R. Iredell
Summary: Adjunctive phage therapy showed significant therapeutic effect in treating chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa osteoarticular infection within two weeks. The release of bacterial cells into the bloodstream early in treatment led to transient fever and local pain, along with marked upregulation of innate immunity genes in the host transcriptome. After a week of therapy, adaptive immune responses developed and some immunomodulatory elements were also observed to be upregulated.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Yan He, Wentao Zhu, Tianbing Xu, Zhiwei Liao, Jianguo Su
Summary: CD41 is a biomarker of thrombocytes in grass carp. The rabbit anti-CD41 polyclonal antibody demonstrated good specificity and effectively bound to the CD41 protein on the surface of thrombocytes. Thrombocytes participate in immune regulation during viral and bacterial infections.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
J. Timothy Prior, Christopher Davitt, Jonathan Kurtz, Patrick Gellings, James B. McLachlan, Lisa A. Morici
Summary: OMVs have the potential to function as a stand-alone adjuvant, driving stronger immune responses compared to heat-inactivated and live-attenuated bacteria. They induce robust humoral and cellular immune responses, generating stronger antibody and B cell responses than traditional adjuvants, while remaining unaffected by pre-existing antibodies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bahaa Abu-Raya, Mirjam J. Esser, Eve Nakabembe, Jesus Reine, Kyle Amaral, Annieck M. Diks, Esther Imede, Sing Sing Way, Ali M. Harandi, Andrew Gorringe, Kirsty Le Doare, Scott A. Halperin, Magdalena A. Berkowska, Manish Sadarangani
Summary: Neither immunization nor recovery from natural infection provides life-long protection against Bordetella pertussis. Replacement of a whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccine with an acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine, mutations in B. pertussis strains, and better diagnostic techniques contribute to the resurgence of the number of cases especially in young infants. Development of new immunization strategies relies on a comprehensive understanding of the immune system responses to infection and immunization and how triggering these immune components would ensure protective immunity.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Simone Dallari, Thomas Heaney, Adriana Rosas-Villegas, Jessica A. Neil, Serre-Yu Wong, Judy J. Brown, Kelly Urbanek, Christin Herrmann, Daniel P. Depledge, Terence S. Dermody, Ken Cadwell
Summary: The study systematically defined the host response in mice to a panel of eukaryotic enteric viruses from six different families, revealing that most infections were asymptomatic in the mice but varied in magnitude and duration based on the microbiota. Flow cytometric and transcriptional profiling uncovered general adaptations by the host, such as lymphocyte differentiation and IL-22 signatures in the intestine, as well as numerous viral-strain-specific responses. Comparison with bacterial mono-associations identified bacterial species that induce immune responses similar to the viruses examined, emphasizing the importance of viral exposure events in the immune space occupied by the enteric virome.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ali Sepahi, Luca Tacchi, Elisa Casadei, Fumio Takizawa, Scott E. LaPatra, Irene Salinas
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Immunology
Wei-guang Kong, Yong-yao Yu, Shuai Dong, Zhen-yu Huang, Li-guo Ding, Jia-geng Cao, Fen Dong, Xiao-ting Zhang, Xia Liu, Hao-yue Xu, Kai-feng Meng, Jian-guo Su, Zhen Xu
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Fisheries
Takuya Yamaguchi, Fumio Takizawa, Mitsuru Furihata, Veronica Soto-Lampe, Johannes M. Dijkstra, Uwe Fischer
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Shuai Dong, Li-guo Ding, Jia-feng Cao, Xia Liu, Hao-yue Xu, Kai-feng Meng, Yong-yao Yu, Qingchao Wang, Zhen Xu
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Zhen Xu, Fumio Takizawa, Elisa Casadei, Yasuhiro Shibasaki, Yang Ding, Thomas J. C. Sauters, Yongyao Yu, Irene Salinas, J. Oriol Sunyer
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Hao-Yue Xu, Fen Dong, Xue Zhai, Kai-Feng Meng, Guang-Kun Han, Gao-Feng Cheng, Zheng-Ben Wu, Nan Li, Zhen Xu
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Fisheries
Laura Taggart-Murphy, Gema Alama-Bermejo, Brian Dolan, Fumio Takizawa, Jerri Bartholomew
Summary: Infections caused by genotype 0 of Ceratonova shasta result in milder pathology and lower expression of cytokines, while infections caused by genotype IIR lead to more severe pathology and inflammatory response. Antibody expression is upregulated in both infections but seems to be less effective in the virulent genotype IIR infections.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Fen Dong, Guang-mei Yin, Kai-feng Meng, Hao-yue Xu, Xia Liu, Qing-chao Wang, Zhen Xu
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Fisheries
Yong-Yao Yu, Li-Guo Ding, Zhen-Yu Huang, Hao-Yue Xu, Zhen Xu
Summary: Fish harbor a complex and dynamic microbiota on their mucosal surfaces, with a normal microbiota contributing to fish health and disruptions potentially leading to disease. Fish have developed immune mechanisms to distinguish between beneficial and opportunistic bacteria. Probiotics have been effectively used in aquaculture for disease prevention.
REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yongyao Yu, Zhenyu Huang, Weiguang Kong, Fen Dong, Xiaoting Zhang, Xue Zhai, Gaofeng Cheng, Mengting Zhan, Jiafeng Cao, Liguo Ding, Guangkun Han, Fumio Takizawa, Yang Ding, J. Oriol Sunyer, Zhen Xu
Summary: The lungs and swim bladders of vertebrates, as air-filled organs, play important roles in immune responses. This study reveals that swim bladders, similar to lungs, act as mucosal surfaces and have secretory IgT as the main immunoglobulin responsible for viral neutralization and immune responses. These findings demonstrate a previously unknown function of teleost swim bladders in adaptive mucosal immune responses and highlight the role of secretory IgT in antiviral defense.
Article
Fisheries
Tsuyoshi Katou, Mayuka Kitamura, Tomoki Maeda, Tomoyuki Odaka, Fumio Takizawa, Hiroaki Suetake, Tadashi Isshiki, Toshiaki Miyadai
Summary: Researchers attempted to clone the cDNA of the kuchijirosho virus genome and detected possible viral RNA in the infected fugu brains. Findings suggest that the detection of KARs can be effective for the molecular diagnosis of kuchijirosho, but the taxonomic family of the virus remains unclear.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yong-Yao Yu, Wei-Guang Kong, Hao-Yue Xu, Zhen-Yu Huang, Xiao-Ting Zhang, Li-Guo Ding, Shuai Dong, Guang-Mei Yin, Fen Dong, Wei Yu, Jia-Feng Cao, Kai-Feng Meng, Xia Liu, Yu Fu, Xue-zhen Zhang, Yong-an Zhang, J. Oriol Sunyer, Zhen Xu