Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 69, Issue 6, Pages 1888-1899Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07457
Keywords
chalcone synthase; ethylene biosynthesis; isoflavone synthase; melatonin role; serotonin role
Funding
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi [92570]
- ICMR, New Delhi
- DST, New Delhi
- CSIR, New Delhi
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The study observed an increase in isoflavone content in soybean culture under treatment with serotonin and melatonin. Additionally, there may be a correlation between ethylene biosynthesis and isoflavone biosynthesis under these treatments.
Serotonin and melatonin are important signaling and stress mitigating molecules. However, their role and molecular mechanism in the accumulation of isoflavones are not clearly defined. To elucidate their functions, serotonin and melatonin were applied to in vitro cultures of soybean at different concentrations and analyzed to assess the accumulation of isoflavone content followed by transcript levels of biosynthesis genes at different time intervals. Increased total phenolics, total flavonoids, and different forms of isoflavone content were observed in the treatments. Expression levels of critical genes in isoflavone, ethylene, jasmonic acid, abscisic acid, and melatonin biosynthesis and related transcription factor were quantified. A correlation was observed between the expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes (S-adenosylmethionine synthase and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase) and isoflavone biosynthesis genes (chalcone synthase, chalcone reductase, and isoflavone synthase). We hypothesize that, under serotonin and melatonin treatments, ethylene biosynthesis may play a role in the increase/decrease in isoflavone content in soybean culture.
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