Numerical study for melting heat in dissipative flow of hybrid nanofluid over a variable thicked surface

This investigation is carried out to examine stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid (SWCNTs + Ag + Gasoline oil) over a stretched sheet of variable thickness. The hybrid nanomaterials are acknowledged more suitable than ordinary nanoliquids. It is no doubt due to combined features of two or more nanoparticles in the hybrid nanomaterial. The idea is useful for enhancement of the properties of resultant nanomaterials better than the nanoliquids consisting of one nanoparticle. Viscous dissipation and melting effect are taken into consideration for heat transport characteristics. Adequate transformations are employed for reduction of PDEs (expressions) into ODEs. These ODEs are then converted into system of first order in order to solve by bvp4c (shooting method). Velocity, skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and temperature are examined graphically for influential parameters. Comparison of hybrid nanofluid (SWCNTs + Ag + Gasoline oil) with nanofluid (SWCNTs + Gasoline oil) and basefluid (Gasoline oil) is also presented graphically. Velocity of fluid enhances via rise in nanoparticle volume fraction for single-walled CNTs, nanoparticle volume fraction for Ag, velocity ratio, wall thickness and melting parameters. Reduction in temperature of fluid occurs with higher Eckert number, nanoparticle volume fraction for CNTs, nanoparticle volume fraction for Ag and melting parameter. Higher velocity ratio parameter controls the skin friction coefficient. Nusselt number rises with an increment in nanoparticle volume fraction for CNTs, velocity ratio parameter and nanoparticle volume fraction for Ag. Moreover during comparative study better performance is noticed for hybrid nanofluid (SWCNTs + Ag + Gasoline oil) over nanofluid (SWCNTs + Gasoline oil) and basefluid (Gasoline oil).

Automated summary

This study investigated the stagnation point flow of a hybrid nanofluid over a stretched sheet of variable thickness, demonstrating that the hybrid nanofluid outperformed ordinary nanofluids in terms of fluid velocity, temperature, and heat transfer characteristics under various influential parameters.