Article
Thermodynamics
Sayantan Mukherjee, Sylwia Wcislik, Vidyasri Khadanga, Purna Chandra Mishra
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of utilizing Al2O3/water, MgO/water, and TiO2/water nanofluids in a rectangular microchannel heat sink. The study finds that nanofluids can enhance heat transfer performance, reduce thermal resistance, and minimize total entropy generation. However, higher nanofluid concentration and larger microchannel geometry result in increased pumping power demand. Al2O3/water and MgO/water nanofluids are recommended for future applications.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yun-Seok Choi, Youn-Jea Kim
Summary: The study analyzed the heat transfer performance of a fin-tube heat exchanger using ferrofluid as a coolant under external magnetic fields, observing changes in the thermal boundary layer and formation of vortices that activate thermal diffusion, enhancing heat transfer efficiency.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ali E. Anqi
Summary: This paper investigates the significance of a serpentine microchannel on the surface of batteries and confirms that the use of nanofluids can increase heat transfer between the microchannel and battery by up to 20%. The study also finds that the Reynolds number is the most effective parameter in improving heat transfer, with an increase from 6.34 to 12.75 when the Reynolds number varies from 25 to 150. Additionally, the use of hydrophobic walls in microchannels leads to a 14.4% enhancement in heat transfer compared to conventional walls.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yi Tu, Yu Zeng
Summary: Supercritical CO2 can replace water as a coolant for microchannels, providing better heat dissipation and lower heated surface temperature. Compared to water cooling, sCO(2)-cooled microchannels have higher entropy generation rate, while the zigzag structure can enhance heat transfer.
Article
Thermodynamics
Soheil Asaadi, Hamid Abdi
Summary: The heat transfer enhancement in plate-fin heat exchangers using vortex generators with different nanoparticle volume fractions was numerically simulated. Results showed that using nanofluid can increase heat transfer coefficient by 20% and pressure drop by 18% compared to pure water. Among the vortex generator types, MDWP2 exhibited the highest heat transfer performance but also led to the highest pressure drop in the studied range of Reynolds number.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
L. Syam Sundar, Feroz Shaik, K. V. Sharma, V. Punnaiah, Antonio C. M. Sousa
Summary: This study experimentally investigates the effects of nanofluids and longitudinal strip inserts on Nusselt number, friction factor, exergy efficiency, and thermal entropy generation in a circulating conduit. The results show that hybrid nanofluids with longitudinal strip inserts can significantly enhance heat transfer, reduce friction factor and thermal entropy generation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhenfei Feng, Yongqi Lan, Zhenjun Hu, Siyao Zheng, Yanjuan Zhang, Zuqiang Huang, Jinxin Zhang
Summary: This study introduces a novel interrupted microchannel heat sink with longitudinal vortex generator (LVG) pairs in transverse microchambers. The effects of LVG pairs on thermal-hydraulic performance and entropy generation in the microchannel were analyzed, revealing that certain parameters can lead to optimal performance.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Fahad S. Alkasmoul, Mohammed Asaker, Ahmed Almogbel, Ahmed AlSuwailem
Summary: This study evaluates the thermal and hydraulic performance of different nanofluids in a microchannel heat sink and finds that nanofluids can enhance its thermal performance. However, considering the flow rate and pumping power, the use of nanofluids deteriorates the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat sink, resulting in no beneficial aspects in terms of thermal performance and energy cost.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yue Yang, JuiKui Mao, Pingting Chen, Feilong Wang, Zecan Tu
Summary: This study compares the heat transfer performance of different VGs configurations through numerical simulations, finding that the downstream common-flow-down configuration of VGs can achieve favorable heat transfer enhancement. By increasing the height of VGs and decreasing the spacing between VGs and the jet, the heat transfer efficiency can be further improved.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
L. Xia, Y. Hua, J. G. Zheng
Summary: The study investigates leading edge flow separation control over a stalled airfoil using a fluidic oscillator, revealing the interaction between oscillating jet and external crossflow leads to the production of spanwise vortices, mitigating flow separation. It is found that a higher mass flow usually leads to a better flow control performance.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuwei Wang, Jie Yu, Cong Qi, Wenjie Zhang
Summary: In this paper, the thermophysical properties and thermo-hydraulic performance of nanofluids in microchannels are reviewed, and the methods to improve the heat dissipation capability of microchannel heat sinks are analyzed from both thermal and flow perspectives.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhenfei Feng, Chuanlong Zhou, Fangwen Guo, Jinxin Zhang, Qingyuan Zhang, Zhenzhou Li
Summary: To dissipate heat in high flux microelectronic devices, an original microchannel heat sink with staggered triangular ribs induced vortex flow is designed. The impacts of rib width, height, and length on hydrothermal behavior and entropy generation are numerically analyzed. The results indicate that increasing width and height can improve thermal performance and reduce entropy generation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
M. Mohamed Souby, Mohammad Salman, Rajendran Prabakaran, Sung Chul Kim
Summary: Recently, hybrid nanofluids have been proposed to enhance the cooling performance of microchannel heat sinks (MCHSs) and improve heat dissipation in electronic devices. However, there are limited studies comparing the hydrothermal performance and irreversibility characteristics of hybrid nanofluids (HNFs) and water as coolants for MCHSs. This study numerically evaluates the hydrothermal performance and entropy generation of various hybrid nanofluids in an MCHS for cooling a central processing unit (CPU). The results show that increasing the concentration of hybrid nanofluids significantly enhances heat transfer and reduces CPU temperature and thermal resistance but leads to increased pressure drop and pumping power.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Sangram Kumar Samal, Manoj Kumar Moharana
Summary: This study shows that water-based nanofluids, especially water/Al2O3, offer improved thermal performance and reduced entropy generation in recharging microchannels. Increasing the volume concentration of water/Al2O3 nanofluid results in higher heat transfer coefficient, increased effectiveness parameter, and reduced entropy generation. Additionally, using water/Al2O3 nanofluid with smaller nanoparticle diameter enhances heat transfer coefficient and reduces entropy generation, although the effectiveness parameter decreases.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
B. Saleh, L. Syam Sundar
Summary: Experimental results show that the addition of nanodiamond+Fe3O4 hybrid nanofluids can significantly increase thermal conductivity and viscosity, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency. Under the conditions of 0.2% particle loading and 60 degrees Celsius, the entropy generation and exergy efficiency of the hybrid nanofluids are significantly increased.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Farhad R. Nezami, Mehdi Ramezanpour, Farhan Khodaee, Efrat Goffer, Elazer R. Edelman, Steven P. Keller
Summary: This study conducted computational fluid dynamics simulations to investigate the effects of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support on systemic hemodynamics and vascular responses. Three scenarios were simulated: healthy control, 90% ECMO-derived perfusion to model profound heart failure, and 50% ECMO-derived perfusion to model the recovering heart.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Mohammad-Reza Pendar, Ali Alavi, Ehsan Roohi
Summary: The aim of this study is to provide a detailed understanding of the unsteady hydrodynamic characteristics of cavitating flow and the effect of a wavy leading edge (WLE) on noise suppression. The results show that the formation of leading-edge vortex and flow separation dynamics fundamentally differ between WLE and straight-leading-edge (SLE) hydrofoils. The main difference in turbulent flow between WLE and SLE hydrofoils is the formation of counter-rotating streamwise vortex pairs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS C
(2023)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hassan Akhlaghi, Ehsan Roohi, Stefan Stefanov
Summary: The current paper provides a detailed review of important topics in micro-and nanoscale gas flows, including velocity slip and temperature jump phenomena, Knudsen minimum, and thermally-driven flows. The review summarizes the latest advancements and investigations on velocity slip and temperature jump, as well as the modeling of rarefied gas flows. It also discusses the Knudsen paradox, thermally-driven flows, and the application of Knudsen pumps. Overall, this review highlights the emerging physical science and engineering applications of micro-and nanoscale gas flows.
PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Vahid Shariati, Ehsan Roohi, Amin Ebrahimi
Summary: In this study, the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method was used to study the physics of rarefied gas flow in super nanoporous materials. The computational model was applied to evaluate hydraulic tortuosity, permeability, and skin friction factor of gas (argon) flow in porous materials. The results showed that hydraulic tortuosity and skin friction factor decrease with increasing Knudsen number, while the apparent permeability increases. Additionally, the skin friction factor and apparent permeability increase with increasing wall heat flux at a specific Knudsen number.
Review
Biophysics
Hamed Moradi, Akram Al-Hourani, Gianmarco Concilia, Farnaz Khoshmanesh, Farhad R. Nezami, Scott Needham, Sara Baratchi, Khashayar Khoshmanesh
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are a major global health issue, but recent advances in technology, such as computational fluid dynamics, blood flow imaging, and wearable sensors, offer new opportunities for analysis and monitoring. This article explores the potential of machine learning, particularly deep learning methods, to overcome current limitations and improve disease detection and imaging resolution.
BIOPHYSICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Amirhossein Farahani, Abbas Zarei-Hanzaki, Hamid Reza Abedi, Sara Daryoush, Zahra Delbari Ragheb, Fatemeh Mianabadi, Sahar Shahparvar, Mohammad Akrami, Ebrahim Mostafavi, Hamideh Khanbareh, Farhad R. Nezami
Summary: As an FDA-approved biopolymer, silk has unique properties that make it suitable for various applications, including sensors, actuators, and drug delivery systems. Understanding its potential uses is important because of its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and piezoelectricity. This article explores the use of silk fibroin in tissue engineering, biosensors, and electro-active wearable bioelectronic applications. It also discusses strategies for improving its hydrophobicity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties, particularly in tissue engineering applications.
JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Mengbo Zhu, Ehsan Roohi, Amin Ebrahimi
Summary: The gas flow and heat transfer characteristics in lid-driven cavities with various cross sections are investigated using numerical simulations. The impact of factors such as cavity geometry, gas properties, and boundary conditions on the thermal and fluid flow fields is studied. The results explain the influence of expansion cooling, viscous dissipation, and counter-gradient heat transfer under non-equilibrium conditions. Additionally, the significance of the incomplete tangential accommodation coefficient on the thermal and fluid flow fields is discussed, and a comparison is made with square-shaped cavities.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mohammad Mostafa Asheghan, Hoda Javadikasgari, Taraneh Attary, Amir Rouhollahi, Ross Straughan, James Noel Willi, Rabina Awal, Ashraf Sabe, Kim I. de la Cruz, Farhad R. Nezami
Summary: This study utilized statistical shape analysis and machine learning methods to extract latent information from segmented left ventricle shapes, predicting the regression of left ventricular mass index (LVMI) one year after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The results showed an average accuracy of 0.28 and an R2 score of 0.67. This research reveals the promising potential of advanced mathematical and bioinformatics approaches in improving medical output prediction and treatment planning.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Ross Straughan, Karim Kadry, Sahil A. Parikh, Elazer R. Edelman, Farhad R. Nezami
Summary: Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, identifying unstable lesions in atherosclerotic coronary artery disease remains challenging. Researchers have developed an algorithmic approach to automatically create 3D finite element models from OCT images, accurately simulating the morphology and mechanical properties of lesions. This automated process allows for analysis of large clinical cohorts and enables in-silico methods for personalized diagnoses and treatment planning for coronary artery disease.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Moslem Sabouri, Ehsan Roohi
Summary: This paper analyzes the mixing of gases in a plane channel at rarefied conditions. The direct simulation Monte Carlo method is used to simulate gas mixing in parallel mixers with different Knudsen numbers and wall accommodation coefficients. The results show that the behavior of gas mixing in the parallel mixers deviates from the predictions of Fick's law for continuum conditions, and this deviation becomes more pronounced at higher Knudsen numbers. To confirm the observed phenomenon, a new analytical model based on the kinetic theory of gases is developed and the results are in excellent agreement with the simulation results.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ali Tavakoli, Javad Hashemi, Mahyar Najafian, Amin Ebrahimi
Summary: This study investigates the solid-liquid phase transformation of a phase change material in a rectangular enclosure with corrugated fins. It explores the effects of fin length, thickness, and wave amplitude on the thermal and fluid flow fields using a physics-based model. The incorporation of fins in thermal energy storage systems enhances heat transfer surface area and thermal penetration depth, accelerating the melting process. Corrugated fins generate more flow perturbations and improve the melting performance compared to straight fins. Longer and thicker fins increase the melting rate, average temperature, and thermal energy storage capacity. However, the effect of fin thickness on the thermal characteristics appears to be insignificant. Larger fin wave amplitudes increase the heat transfer surface area but disrupt natural convection currents, slowing down the melting front progress. A surrogate model based on an artificial neural network and particle swarm optimization is developed to optimize the fin geometry, resulting in a 43% enhancement in thermal energy storage per unit mass compared to the case with planar fins. The data-driven model predicts the liquid fraction with less than 1% difference from the physics-based model. This comprehensive understanding of the system behavior provided by the proposed approach facilitates the design of thermal energy storage systems.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Amin Ebrahimi, Marcel J. M. Hermans
Summary: In this study, high-fidelity numerical simulations were used to investigate the influence of various welding configurations on the behavior of the melt pool in laser butt welding of stainless steel sheets. The results showed that advection was the dominant mechanism for energy transfer in the melt pool, and non-uniform temperature distribution induced the formation of vortices and periodic flow oscillations.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED JOINING PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Aravind Babu, Amin Ebrahimi, Kuo-Hao Wu, Ian M. Richardson, Marcel J. M. Hermans
Summary: Additive manufacturing has the potential to achieve functional grading in metallic parts by adjusting process parameters. This study focuses on the electric arc-based additive manufacturing process and demonstrates the functional grading of high-strength steel by adjusting travel speed and inter-pass temperature. Through a combination of experimental measurements and thermal simulations, it is shown that the microstructure and mechanical properties of parts can be controlled by rational adjustment of process parameters.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yong Cheng, Fukai Song, Lei Fu, Saishuai Dai, Zhiming Yuan, Atilla Incecik
Summary: This paper investigates the accessibility of wave energy absorption by a dual-pontoon floating breakwater integrated with hybrid-type wave energy converters (WECs) and proposes a hydraulic-pneumatic complementary energy extraction method. The performance of the system is validated through experiments and comparative analysis.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jing Gao, Chao Wang, Zhanwu Wang, Jin Lin, Runkai Zhang, Xin Wu, Guangyin Xu, Zhenfeng Wang
Summary: This study aims to establish a new integrated method for biomass cogeneration project site selection, with a focus on the application of the model in Henan Province. By integrating Geographic Information System and Multiple Criterion Decision Making methods, the study conducts site selection in two stages, providing a theoretical reference for the construction of biomass cogeneration projects.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mert Temiz, Ibrahim Dincer
Summary: The current study presents a hybrid small modular nuclear reactor and solar-based system for sustainable communities, integrating floating and bifacial photovoltaic arrays with a small modular reactor. The system efficiently generates power, hydrogen, ammonia, freshwater, and heat for residential, agricultural, and aquaculture facilities. Thermodynamic analysis shows high energy and exergy efficiencies, as well as large-scale ammonia production meeting the needs of metropolitan areas. The hybridization of nuclear and solar technologies offers advantages of reliability, environmental friendliness, and cost efficiency compared to renewable-alone and fossil-based systems.
Editorial Material
Thermodynamics
Wojciech Stanek, Wojciech Adamczyk
Article
Thermodynamics
Desheng Xu, Yanfeng Li, Tianmei Du, Hua Zhong, Youbo Huang, Lei Li, Xiangling Duanmu
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of hybrid mechanical-natural ventilation for smoke control in complex metro stations. The results show that atrium fires are more significantly impacted by outdoor temperature variations compared to concourse/platform fires. The gathered high-temperature smoke inside the atrium can reach up to 900 K under a 5 MW train fire energy release. The findings provide crucial engineering insights into integrating weather data and adaptable ventilation protocols for smoke prevention/mitigation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Da Guo, Heping Xie, Mingzhong Gao, Jianan Li, Zhiqiang He, Ling Chen, Cong Li, Le Zhao, Dingming Wang, Yiwei Zhang, Xin Fang, Guikang Liu, Zhongya Zhou, Lin Dai
Summary: This study proposes a new in-situ pressure-preserved coring tool and elaborates its pressure-preserving mechanism. The experimental and field test results demonstrate that this tool has a high pressure-preservation capability and can maintain a stable pressure in deep wells. This study provides a theoretical framework and design standards for the development of similar technologies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Aolin Lai, Qunwei Wang
Summary: This study assesses the impact of China's de-capacity policy on renewable energy development efficiency (REDE) using the Global-MSBM model and the difference-in-differences method. The findings indicate that the policy significantly enhances REDE, promoting technological advancements and marketization. Moreover, regions with stricter environmental regulations experience a higher impact.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Ghasemi, Hegazy Rezk
Summary: This study utilizes fuzzy modeling and optimization to enhance the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). By simulating and analyzing experimental data sets, the ideal parameter values for increasing power density, COD elimination, and coulombic efficiency were determined. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy model and optimization methods can significantly improve the performance of MFCs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhang Ruan, Lianzhong Huang, Kai Wang, Ranqi Ma, Zhongyi Wang, Rui Zhang, Haoyang Zhao, Cong Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a grey box model for fuel consumption prediction of wing-diesel hybrid vessels based on feature construction. By using both parallel and series grey box modeling methods and six machine learning algorithms, twelve combinations of prediction models are established. A feature construction method based on the aerodynamic performance of the wing and the energy relationship of the hybrid system is introduced. The best combination is obtained by considering the root mean square error, and it shows improved accuracy compared to the white box model. The proposed grey box model can accurately predict the daily fuel consumption of wing-diesel hybrid vessels, contributing to operational optimization and the greenization and decarbonization of the shipping industry.
Article
Thermodynamics
Huayi Chang, Nico Heerink, Junbiao Zhang, Ke He
Summary: This study examines the interaction between off-farm employment decisions between couples and household clean energy consumption in rural China, and finds that two-paycheck households are more likely to consume clean energy. The off-farm employment of women is a key factor driving household clean energy consumption to a higher level, with wage-employed wives having a stronger influence on these decisions than self-employed ones.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hanguan Wen, Xiufeng Liu, Ming Yang, Bo Lei, Xu Cheng, Zhe Chen
Summary: Demand-side management is crucial to smart energy systems. This paper proposes a data-driven approach to understand the relationship between energy consumption patterns and household characteristics for better DSM services. The proposed method uses a clustering algorithm to generate optimal customer groups for DSM and a deep learning model for training. The model can predict the possibility of DSM membership for a given household. The results demonstrate the usefulness of weekly energy consumption data and household socio-demographic information for distinguishing consumer groups and the potential for targeted DSM strategies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinglan Hou, Xiuping Zhong, Shuaishuai Nie, Yafei Wang, Guigang Tu, Yingrui Ma, Kunyan Liu, Chen Chen
Summary: This study explores the feasibility of utilizing a multi-level horizontal branch well heat recovery system in the Qiabuqia geothermal field. The research systematically investigates the effects of various engineering parameters on production temperature, establishes mathematical models to describe their relationships, and evaluates the economic viability of the system. The findings demonstrate the significant economic feasibility of the multi-level branch well system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Longxin Zhang, Songtao Wang, Site Hu
Summary: This investigation reveals the influence of tip leakage flow on the modern transonic rotor and finds that the increase of tip clearance size leads to a decline in rotor performance. However, an optimal tip clearance size can extend the rotor's stall margin.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kristian Gjoka, Behzad Rismanchi, Robert H. Crawford
Summary: This paper proposes a framework for assessing the performance of 5GDHC systems and demonstrates it through a case study in a university campus in Melbourne, Australia. The results show that 5GDHC systems are a cost-effective and environmentally viable solution in mild climates, and their successful implementation in Australia can create new market opportunities and potential adoption in other countries with similar climatic conditions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianwei Li, Guotai Wang, Panpan Yang, Yongshuang Wen, Leian Zhang, Rujun Song, Chengwei Hou
Summary: This study proposes an orientation-adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester by introducing a rotatable bluff body, which allows for self-regulation to cater for changing wind flow direction. Experimental results show that the output power of the energy harvester can be greatly enhanced with increased rotatory inertia of the rotating bluff body, providing a promising solution for harnessing wind-induced vibration energy.
